Complementarities of geographically dispersed wind resources have been well recognized and evaluated based on the statistics of wind data. This paper investigates the effect of spatiotemporal ...complementarities of grid-connected offshore wind farms on operational cost and stability of meshed DC/AC grids with VSC-based MTDC networks. The investigation is carried out for a real power system in Jiangsu Province, China, and has used the real hourly wind data provided by the China Meteorological Administration (CMA) in terms of the unit commitment (UC) as well as the probabilistic small-signal angular stability. Several distributed offshore wind farms are interconnected via a VSC-based MTDC network to send power to the southern area in Jiangsu Province. Computational results of the UC and system probabilistic stability demonstrate that significant saving of operational cost and stability improvement can be brought about from the complementarities of geographically distributed offshore wind farms.
Based on a constant volume combustion chamber, the initial ambient pressure effect on gasoline combustion performance and flame propagation of the active and passive pre-chamber ignition systems were ...studied. Compared with the passive pre-chamber, the active pre-chamber can significantly expand the lean combustion limit from 1.2 to 1.5, enhance the ignition and combustion performance, and speed up the combustion of the main combustion chamber. At slightly lean combustion conditions, the heat release performance has a positive correlation with the initial ambient pressure. As the premixed λ increases, the heat release performance and the initial ambient pressure begin to become negatively correlated. Ignition delay can be decreased by approximately 50% at an initial pressure of 0.75 MPa, premixed lambda of 1.2 with APC compared with PPC. The high ambient pressure (1.0 MPa) in the constant volume chamber greatly reduces the mixture entrainment ability of the jet flame at lean combustion conditions, thereby reducing the combustion speed and peak heat release rate.
Choosing the appropriate antipsychotic drug (APD) treatment for patients with schizophrenia (SCZ) can be challenging, as the treatment response to APD is highly variable and difficult to predict due ...to the lack of effective biomarkers. Previous studies have indicated the association between treatment response and genetic and epigenetic factors, but no effective biomarkers have been identified. Hence, further research is imperative to enhance precision medicine in SCZ treatment.
Participants with SCZ were recruited from two randomized trials. The discovery cohort was recruited from the CAPOC trial (n = 2307) involved 6 weeks of treatment and equally randomized the participants to the Olanzapine, Risperidone, Quetiapine, Aripiprazole, Ziprasidone, and Haloperidol/Perphenazine (subsequently equally assigned to one or the other) groups. The external validation cohort was recruited from the CAPEC trial (n = 1379), which involved 8 weeks of treatment and equally randomized the participants to the Olanzapine, Risperidone, and Aripiprazole groups. Additionally, healthy controls (n = 275) from the local community were utilized as a genetic/epigenetic reference. The genetic and epigenetic (DNA methylation) risks of SCZ were assessed using the polygenic risk score (PRS) and polymethylation score, respectively. The study also examined the genetic-epigenetic interactions with treatment response through differential methylation analysis, methylation quantitative trait loci, colocalization, and promoter-anchored chromatin interaction. Machine learning was used to develop a prediction model for treatment response, which was evaluated for accuracy and clinical benefit using the area under curve (AUC) for classification, R
for regression, and decision curve analysis.
Six risk genes for SCZ (LINC01795, DDHD2, SBNO1, KCNG2, SEMA7A, and RUFY1) involved in cortical morphology were identified as having a genetic-epigenetic interaction associated with treatment response. The developed and externally validated prediction model, which incorporated clinical information, PRS, genetic risk score (GRS), and proxy methylation level (proxyDNAm), demonstrated positive benefits for a wide range of patients receiving different APDs, regardless of sex discovery cohort: AUC = 0.874 (95% CI 0.867-0.881), R
= 0.478; external validation cohort: AUC = 0.851 (95% CI 0.841-0.861), R
= 0.507.
This study presents a promising precision medicine approach to evaluate treatment response, which has the potential to aid clinicians in making informed decisions about APD treatment for patients with SCZ. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/ ), 18. Aug 2009 retrospectively registered: CAPOC-ChiCTR-RNC-09000521 ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=9014 ), CAPEC-ChiCTR-RNC-09000522 ( https://www.chictr.org.cn/showproj.aspx?proj=9013 ).
A suspended thin-film lithium-niobate-on-insulator nano-waveguide (NanoLN) is designed, and tunable mid-infrared dispersive wave generation of high-efficiency and broadband is numerically studied on ...this designed platform. By hollowing out the silicon dioxide substrate between the NanoLN core and silicon wafer, the loss issue induced by mode leaking at mid-infrared region is eliminated. The second zero-dispersion wavelength of the suspended NanoLN is tailored to locate around 2 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{m} </tex-math></inline-formula> wavelength, so that mode-locked fiber laser pump sources in this waveband can be conveniently leveraged to generate dispersive wave beyond 3 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{m} </tex-math></inline-formula> wavelength. We show that dispersive wave at 3.16 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{m} </tex-math></inline-formula> with high conversion efficiency up to 36.26% and bandwidth (at −10 dB level) of ~ 471 nm can be achieved at the pump pulse energy of 0.23 nJ. The central wavelength of the dispersive wave can be flexibly tuned up to 5 <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\mu \text{m} </tex-math></inline-formula> with a maximum −10 dB bandwidth of <inline-formula> <tex-math notation="LaTeX">\sim ~2~\mu \text{m} </tex-math></inline-formula> by lithographic control of the waveguide geometry, which is naturally at the expense of degraded conversion efficiency. Our results show the suspended NanoLN can provide a versatile chip-scale platform for cost-effective mid-infrared targetable, broadband, and coherent sources generation. Using fiber laser pump sources gives the advantages of compactness, free-maintenance, and long-term stability, which suit field applications.
Obesity has become a major health problem worldwide, and increasing evidence supports the importance of microRNAs (miRNAs) in its pathogenesis. Recently, we found that miR-383-5p_1 is highly ...expressed in the perirenal fat of high-fat-fed rabbits, but it is not yet known whether miR-383-5p is involved in lipid metabolism. Here, we used transcriptome sequencing technology to screen 1642 known differentially expressed genes between miR-383-5p mimic groups and miR-383-5p negative control groups. Gene Ontology Resource (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) were enriched in the pathway related to lipid metabolism, and glycine biosynthesis, the NOD receptor signal pathway and nonalcoholic fatty liver were significantly enriched. Afterwards, our research results indicated that miR-383-5p can promote the proliferation and differentiation of rabbit preadipocytes, and there is a direct targeting relationship with RAD51AP1. Mechanistically, miR-383-5p directly interacts with the lipid metabolism and participates in adipogenesis and lipid accumulation by targeting RAD51AP1. In conclusion, our data highlight a physiological role for miRNA in lipid metabolism and suggest the miR-383-5p/RAD51AP1 axis may represent a potential mechanism for controlling lipid accumulation in obesity.
Due to increasingly strict global emission regulations and energy conservation policies, gasoline engines are facing significant challenges. Achieving high efficiency and ultra-low emissions in ...gasoline engines has become a critical technical challenge that requires attention. Pre-chamber (PC) Turbulent Jet Ignition (TJI) is a highly promising technology for improving thermal efficiency and reducing emissions in gasoline engines. This study employs a three-dimensional flow simulation analysis combined with a detailed chemical reaction mechanism. The investigation is based on eight distinct passive PC structural configurations. The effects of various structural parameters, including the orifice number (ON), orifice axis angle (OAA), orifice diameter (OD), and volume ratio (VR), on the in-cylinder combustion process and emission characteristics are investigated, in which the formation of the fire nucleus and the propagation of the flame are intensively involved. The investigation is conducted under equivalence ratio working condition. Among these, the ITE of the best configuration is relatively 5.46% higher than the baseline engine. The combustion duration decreased by 55.95% to 7.4 °CA compared to the baseline engine, while particulate soot emissions also decreased by 51.22%.
We investigate the impact of spectral filtering in mode-locked fiber lasers with an extended geometrical model. Our iterative model, which includes gain, loss, and the pulse shaping effects of ...chromatic dispersion and self-phase modulation, is used to model the laser cavity dynamics. Simulations show that broadband pulses experience large losses from spectral filtering in the cavity, leading to a number of potential laser instabilities and outcomes such as multipulsing, periodic and chaotic states, or a single pulse which transits to a higher energy state. For narrow band spectral filtering, the laser dynamics is dominated by the gain-loss dynamics in the cavity which causes multipulsing. For broadband spectral filtering, the nonlinearity-induced spectral reshaping of the single pulse can lead to a discontinuous pulse energy transition that circumvents multipulsing. The inclusion of third-order dispersion shows that the multipulsing instability is induced even in the case of broadband spectral filtering.
Sepsis is a clinical syndrome that resulting from a dysregulated inflammatory response to infection that leads to organ dysfunction. The dysregulated inflammatory response transitions from a ...hyper-inflammatory phase to a hypo-inflammatory or immunosuppressive phase. Currently, no phase-specific molecular-based therapies are available for monitoring the complex immune response and treating sepsis due to individual variations in the timing and overlap of the dysregulated immune response in most patients. Glucocorticoid-induced leucine zipper (GILZ), is broadly present in multiple tissues and circumvent glucocorticoid resistance (GCR) or unwanted side effects. Recently, the characteristics of GILZ downregulation during acute hyperinflammation and GILZ upregulation during the immunosuppressive phase in various inflammatory diseases have been well documented, and the protective effects of GILZ have gained attention in the field of sepsis. However, whether GILZ could be a promising candidate biomarker for monitoring and treating septic patients remains unknown. Here, we discuss the effect of GILZ in sepsis and sepsis-induced immunosuppression.
The internal combustion Rankine cycle (ICRC) concept provides a potential solution for future high thermal efficiency and low emission powertrains, and direct water injection (DWI) proved to be the ...key parameter for ICRC optimization. This paper was dedicated to investigating the fundamental mechanisms of water spray characteristics under different water injection control parameters. In order to do so, an experimental test system was carefully designed and built based on the Bosch and Schlieren methods: the Bosch method is utilized to measure the effect of injection and ambient pressure on water injection characteristics, and the Schlieren method is utilized to investigate the impact of water injection and ambient temperature on water spray and evaporation processes. The experimental results indicate that both control parameters show important effects on water injection and spray characteristics. The water injection and ambient pressure show significant impacts on steady-state flow quantity and cyclic water injection quantity, and the water injection and ambient pressure affect the evaporation ability of water vapor within the spray which leads to a different variation trend during the initial, developing, and developed water spray stages. The results of this work can be used as fundamental supplements for ICRC, steam assistant technology (SAT), and DWI-related ICEs experimental and numerical researches, and provide extra information to understand the DWI process within engine-relevant conditions.
We demonstrated a widely wavelength-tunable mid-infrared mode-locked Ho 3+ /Pr 3+ -codoped ZBLAN fiber laser by using single-wall carbon nanotubes (SWCNTs) with a wide diameter distribution as ...saturable absorber (SA). This laser emits stable mode-locked pulses in the water vapor transmission window with a maximum average output power of 126.6 mW at a repetition rate of 12.5 MHz. The central wavelength of the mode-locked laser can be continuously tuned from 2836.2 to 2906.2 nm. The 70-nm wavelength tuning range represents the widest tuning range ever achieved in mode-locked Ho 3+ -doped ZBLAN fiber laser oscillators. Our results also indicate that the SWCNTs can be promising broadband SAs for obtaining gain-bandwidth-limited tunable operation for 3-μm Ho 3+ -doped ZBLAN fiber lasers. Such simple, reliable, wideband tunable, and low-cost mode-locked mid-infrared fiber laser source is highly attractive for molecular spectroscopy, breath analysis, and laser surgery of human tissue.
PDF
