INTRODUCTION: We aimed to develop a scale to evaluate adjustment problems in university students and to reveal the factors affecting compliance. METHODS: A total of 34 questions were created in the ...areas of procrastination, perfectionism, difficulty in focusing, communication, anxiety, lost mourning and self-confidence, which may disrupt harmony among university students. The study was conducted on the University Health Campus students population. A questionnaire questioning the sociodemographic characteristics, the 34-item Adjustment Problems Scale and the Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) were applied to the students. When scales with missing responses were excluded, 754 students' responses were included in statistical evaluation because they were complete in all scales. Factors with eigenvalues above one in the explanatory factor analysis were defined as scale sub-domains. Comparisons were made with the brief symptom inventory and the external validity of the scale was tested in this way. Spearman correlation coefficient was calculated in these comparisons.Confirmatory factor analysis conducted for scale fit analysis. RESULTS: Seven of the scale questions were excluded from the scale due to low correlation coefficients (<0.30) and factor content load (<0.50). A total of 26 questions was formed. The scale has a structure consisting of 6 sub-fields with 26 questions. Sub-areas Difficulty focusing, procrastination, communication problems, insecurity, perfectionism, social anxiety. The Cronbach alpha value for 26 questions in the scale was 0.87.Based on the confirmatory factor analysis results, a 21-question scale was created by removing avoidance behaviors in communication. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSION: As a result of this study, an adjustment problems scale for university students was obtained. Such a scale can be used to identify risky groups in field studies. It can facilitate the production of knowledge in the field of preventive mental health. At the beginning of the therapy for university students, "Adaptation Problems Scale" can be used to determine problem areas.
Cardiac masses are rare entities that can be challenging in clinical diagnosis and management. Cardiac masses can be detected incidentally in patients with an asymptomatic course or may cause ...systemic inflammation findings due to inflammatory cytokine release or symptoms such as shortness of breath, chest pain, syncope, sudden cardiac death, and mortality due to the location of the mass. Cardiac masses associated with systemic inflammatory disorders are uncommon in this disease group. This case report will present a case with an asymptomatic IgG4-related left atrial mass detected in routine echocardiographic control imaging due to rheumatic valve disease.
Üniversite öğrencilerinin mevcut ruhsal bozukluk semptomlarının ve bunların sosyodemografik faktörler ile olası ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel tipteki araştırmanın evrenini ...2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında üniversitede öğrenim görmekte olan lisans öğrencileri oluşturmaktır. Sınıf seviyesine göre tabakalandırılarak her fakülteden öğrenci sayısıyla orantılı olacak şekilde tabakalı rastgele örneklem yöntemi ile 814 katılımcı ile çalışmamız yürütülmüştür. Veriler gözlem altında katılımcılar tarafından doldurulan sosyodemografik özelliklere yönelik soru formu ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri (KSE) ile toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde Ki kare, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır. Çok değişkenli analizde çoklu lineer regresyon kullanılmıştır. İstatiksel olarak, p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Katılımcıların %70,5’i (n=574) kadın, yaş ortalaması 21,04±1,64’tür. Katılımcıların fakültelere göre dağılımına bakıldığında %38,5’i (n=312) Tıp Fakültesi, %39’u (n=316) Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, %22,5’i (n=182) Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’ndendir. Birinci, ikinci, üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıfların dağılımları ise sırasıyla %37,0 (n=297), %33,7 (n=270), %28,4 (n=228) ve %0,9’dur (n=7). Öğrencilerin yaşadıkları yer ve öğrenim gördükleri sınıf anksiyete durumu ile; kadın cinsiyet, yetersiz gelir ve üniversiteye yeni başlamak depresyon puanı ile ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Gelirini yetersiz bulanlar ile üniversiteye yeni başlayanların olumsuz benlik ve karşıtlık puanları daha yüksek iken (p<0,05); kadınların ve 1.sınıfların somatizayon puanları da anlamlı olarak daha yüksek saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Çok değişkenli analiz sonuçlarına göre 3.sınıfta öğrenim görme, sigara kullanmama ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almama anksiyete için; erkek cinsiyet, 3.sınıfta öğrenim görme , gelirin yeterli olması, sigara kullanmama ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almama depresyon için; 3.sınıfta öğrenim görme, gelirin yeterli olması, sigara kullanmama ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almama olumsuz benlik ve karşıtlık puanları için koruyucu bulunmuşken; erkek cinsiyet, 3.sınıfta öğrenim görme, sigara kullanmama ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almama bedenselleştirme için koruyucu bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Üniversite öğrencilerinde ruhsal bozukluklar sık görülmektedir. Çalışmamızda öğrencilerin ruhsal durumları değerlendirilmiş ve ruhsal durumun pek çok faktör ile ilişkili olabileceği bulunmuştur. Üniversitedeki ilk yıllarında olan katılımcılarda daha fazla psikiyatrik belirti gözlenmektedir. Gelirini yetersiz bulan öğrencilerin depresyon, olumsuz benlik ve karşıtlık alt ölçek puanları daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Literatürde çalışmamıza benzer şekilde finansal stabilitesi olmayan ailelerde yetişen öğrencilerde depresyon ve anksiyete semptomlarının görülme olasılığı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Depresyon ve bedenselleştirme için kadın cinsiyet riskli bulunmuştur. Literatürde tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde yapılan bir çalışmada da kadın öğrencilerde psikolojik morbidite riski erkeklere göre 3 kat daha riskli bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin öğrenim gördükleri sınıf, sigara kullanımları ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almış olmaları tüm alt faktörler ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Depresyon ve bedenselleştirme için ise kadın cinsiyet riskli olarak görünmektedir. Ayrıca gelir durumunu yetersiz bulma ile depresyon, olumsuz benlik ve karşıtlık durumları ilişkili bulunmuştur. Üniversite öğrencileri için psikolojik danışmanlık ve rehberlik hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesi problemlerin üstesinden gelmelerine yardımcı olabilecektir.
It was aimed to determine the current mental symptoms of students at university and their possible relationships with sociodemographic factors. The universe of this cross-sectional study is the undergraduate students at university in the 2018-2019 academic year. Our study was carried out with 814 participants by using stratified random sampling method in proportion to the number of students from each faculty by stratifying according to the class level. Data were collected with a questionnaire about sociodemographic characteristics and Brief Symptom Inventory (BSI) filled by the participants. Chi-square, Mann-Whitney U, and Kruskal Wallis tests were used for data analysis. Multiple linear regression was used in multivariate analysis. p<0.05 was considered statistically significant. 70.5% (n = 574) of the participants were women and the average age was 21.04 ± 1.64. Of the participants 38.5% (n=312) were from the Faculty of Medicine, 39% (n = 316) from the Faculty of Health Sciences and 22.5% (n=182) from the Faculty of Dentistry. The distribution of the first, second, third, and fourth grades were 37.0% (n=297), 33.7% (n=270), 28.4% (n=228) and 0.9% (n=7), respectively. Students’ living place and their class were found to be related to anxiety status; female gender, inadequate income, and starting college were found to be related to depression score (p<0.05). The negative self-perception and hostility scores of those who find the income inadequate and those who are 1st-grade students were higher (p<0.05). Somatization scores of women and 1st-grade students were also significantly higher (p<0.05). According to the results of multivariate analysis, 3rd-grade education, not smoking, and not having a psychiatric diagnosis were protective for anxiety; male gender, 3rd-grade education, sufficient income, not smoking, and not having a psychiatric diagnosis were protective for depression. Besides, 3rd-grade education, to have sufficient income, not to smoke, and not to have a psychiatric diagnosis were protective for negative self-perception and hostility scores. Male gender, being 3rd grade, not smoking, and not to have psychiatric diagnosis were found protective for somatization. Mental disorders arecommon among university students. In our study, the mental states of the students were evaluated and it was found that the mental state could be related to many factors. More psychiatric symptoms are observed in the participants in their first year at the university. Depression, negative self, and hostility subscale scores of the students who found the income insufficient were found to be significantly higher. Similar to our study, students who were raised in families without financial stability were more likely to experience symptoms of depression and anxiety. Female sex was found risky for depression and somatization. In a study conducted by medical school students, the risk of psychological morbidity in female students was found to be 3 times more than men. Being 1st-grade student, smoking, and previous psychiatric diagnosis were found to be related to all sub-factors. For depression and somatization, the female gender appears to be risky. Also, depression, negative self, and hostility situations were found to be related with income. Improving psychological counseling and guidance services for universitystudents can help them overcome problems.
Üniversite öğrencilerinin mevcut ruhsal bozukluk semptomlarının ve bunların sosyodemografik faktörler ile olası ilişkilerinin belirlenmesi amaçlanmıştır. Kesitsel tipteki araştırmanın evrenini ...2018-2019 eğitim-öğretim yılında üniversitede öğrenim görmekte olan lisans öğrencileri oluşturmaktır. Sınıf seviyesine göre tabakalandırılarak her fakülteden öğrenci sayısıyla orantılı olacak şekilde tabakalı rastgele örneklem yöntemi ile 814 katılımcı ile çalışmamız yürütülmüştür. Veriler gözlem altında katılımcılar tarafından doldurulan sosyodemografik özelliklere yönelik soru formu ve Kısa Semptom Envanteri (KSE) ile toplanmıştır. Veri analizinde Ki kare, Mann-Whitney U ve Kruskal Wallis testleri kullanılmıştır. Çok değişkenli analizde çoklu lineer regresyon kullanılmıştır. İstatiksel olarak, p<0,05 anlamlılık düzeyi olarak kabul edilmiştir. Katılımcıların %70,5’i (n=574) kadın, yaş ortalaması 21,04±1,64’tür. Katılımcıların fakültelere göre dağılımına bakıldığında %38,5’i (n=312) Tıp Fakültesi, %39’u (n=316) Sağlık Bilimleri Fakültesi, %22,5’i (n=182) Diş Hekimliği Fakültesi’ndendir. Birinci, ikinci, üçüncü ve dördüncü sınıfların dağılımları ise sırasıyla %37,0 (n=297), %33,7 (n=270), %28,4 (n=228) ve %0,9’dur (n=7). Öğrencilerin yaşadıkları yer ve öğrenim gördükleri sınıf anksiyete durumu ile; kadın cinsiyet, yetersiz gelir ve üniversiteye yeni başlamak depresyon puanı ile ilişkili bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Gelirini yetersiz bulanlar ile üniversiteye yeni başlayanların olumsuz benlik ve karşıtlık puanları daha yüksek iken (p<0,05); kadınların ve 1.sınıfların somatizayon puanları da anlamlı olarak daha yüksek saptanmıştır (p<0,05). Çok değişkenli analiz sonuçlarına göre 3.sınıfta öğrenim görme, sigara kullanmama ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almama anksiyete için; erkek cinsiyet, 3.sınıfta öğrenim görme , gelirin yeterli olması, sigara kullanmama ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almama depresyon için; 3.sınıfta öğrenim görme, gelirin yeterli olması, sigara kullanmama ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almama olumsuz benlik ve karşıtlık puanları için koruyucu bulunmuşken; erkek cinsiyet, 3.sınıfta öğrenim görme, sigara kullanmama ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almama bedenselleştirme için koruyucu bulunmuştur (p<0,05). Üniversite öğrencilerinde ruhsal bozukluklar sık görülmektedir. Çalışmamızda öğrencilerin ruhsal durumları değerlendirilmiş ve ruhsal durumun pek çok faktör ile ilişkili olabileceği bulunmuştur. Üniversitedeki ilk yıllarında olan katılımcılarda daha fazla psikiyatrik belirti gözlenmektedir. Gelirini yetersiz bulan öğrencilerin depresyon, olumsuz benlik ve karşıtlık alt ölçek puanları daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Literatürde çalışmamıza benzer şekilde finansal stabilitesi olmayan ailelerde yetişen öğrencilerde depresyon ve anksiyete semptomlarının görülme olasılığı daha yüksek bulunmuştur. Depresyon ve bedenselleştirme için kadın cinsiyet riskli bulunmuştur. Literatürde tıp fakültesi öğrencilerinde yapılan bir çalışmada da kadın öğrencilerde psikolojik morbidite riski erkeklere göre 3 kat daha riskli bulunmuştur. Öğrencilerin öğrenim gördükleri sınıf, sigara kullanımları ve daha önce psikiyatrik tanı almış olmaları tüm alt faktörler ile ilişkili bulunmuştur. Depresyon ve bedenselleştirme için ise kadın cinsiyet riskli olarak görünmektedir. Ayrıca gelir durumunu yetersiz bulma ile depresyon, olumsuz benlik ve karşıtlık durumları ilişkili bulunmuştur. Üniversite öğrencileri için psikolojik danışmanlık ve rehberlik hizmetlerinin geliştirilmesi problemlerin üstesinden gelmelerine yardımcı olabilecektir.
The COVID-19 pandemic has not only changed physical health and the economy, but also changed plans for the future with its impact on social status and mental health. Changes in fertility preferences ...in many countries are also part of this influence. We aimed to evaluate the effect of the COVID-19 pandemic on attitude toward the childbearing in women.
This cross-sectional study was conducted on married aged 20-30 Turkish women who are not yet mothers, between January and June 2022, using Google forms. The questionnaire consisted of the sociodemographic data form, The Attitude towards Fertility and Childbearing Scale, and the Fear of COVID-19 Scale. In addition, women were asked about their exposure to COVID-19 and the severity of their illness.
Only one-third of participants said they would like to have children in the next year; 61.2% would consider them later, while 4.5% did not. Common reasons for not intending to have children were "it is early to become a mother (34%)", "economic difficulties (25.3%)", and "career plans (16%)". The fear of COVID-19 scale score, with an arithmetic mean of 16.8 ± 5.5, was found to be significantly lower in women who did not want to have children in the next year than in women who wanted to have children (p = 0.042). Except for the profession, there was no significant difference between the COVID-19 fear scores by the participants' sociodemographic characteristics.
Among the married aged 20-30 Turkish women who are not yet mothers, the rate of those who intend to childbearing was found still low. The main reason for women who did not want to have children in the next year was that they thought it was too early to have a child. Besides low fear of COVID-19 scale scores; economic concerns and career plans, which came in second and third place in the reason list, showed that the fear of infected with SARS-CoV-2 during the pandemic did not affect the women's attitudes toward fertility.
Background: COVID-19 infection can occur as a mild, moderate, or severe illness. How patients will be more serious has not been fully revealed so far. To investigate the role of systemic inflammation ...index (SII), platelet-to-lymphocyte ratio (PLR), mean platelet volume (MPV), mean platelet volume to platelet ratio (MPR), and neutrophil-to-lymphocyte and platelet ratio (NLPR) in determining the severity of COVID-19 patients. Methods: We retrospectively studied 397 patients with confirmed COVID-19 who were admitted to the emergency departments (EDs) between January and June 2020. According to the criteria recommended by World Health Organization, patients were divided into two groups as severe and non-severe cases. Demographic, clinical characteristics, and inflammation parameters of patients were evaluated. Results: The NLPR, SII, MPR, and PLR were significantly increased in severe COVID-19 patients compared to the non-severe patients (p ＜ 0.0001, p = 0.0002, p = 0.0441, p = 0.0469, respectively). On the other hand, the MPV value did not show a statistically significant difference between cases. In ROC analysis calculated for inflammatory biomarkers in the prediction of COVID-19 severity, NLPR exhibited the largest area under the curve (AUC) at 0.705, with the highest specificity (81.45%) and sensitivity (56.25%) at the optimal cut-off of 0.024 (p ＜ 0.0001). SII (AUC: 0.670) was the second inflammatory parameter with high specificity (63.21%) and sensitivity (66.67%) following NLPR value (p = 0.0002). Conclusion: NLPR and SII may be new inflammatory markers to identify severe COVID-19 patients at the time of admission to the ED.
Introduction: some factors have been shown to be associated with survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Recently, some studies suggested that malnutrition, muscle mass, and inflammation ...might have an effect on survival in patients with pancreatic malignancy. Objectives: to investigate the association between psoas muscle mass, inflammation, nutritional status at the time of diagnosis, and survival in patients with pancreatic adenocarcinoma. Methods: this retrospective study included 219 patients diagnosed with pancreatic carcinoma. The nutritional status, inflammation, and psoas muscle mass of the patients at the time of diagnosis were evaluated. Nutritional status was assessed using the Prognostic Nutritional Index (PNI). Leucocyte count and neutrophil/lymphocyte ratio (NLR) were used for inflammation assessment. Psoas muscle mass was calculated by using abdominal computed tomography images of the patients. Results: the mean age of patients (80 female and 139 male) was 66.6 ± 11.7 years. According to the PNI results, 155 patients had a normal nutritional status (70 %), whereas 64 patients were malnourished (30 %). The survival of the patients with normal nutritional status was significantly longer than that of those who were malnourished (p < 0.001). There was no significant relationship between psoas muscle area, leucocyte count, NLR, and survival time. Conclusion: the survival of pancreatic adenocarcinoma patients with malnutrition at the time of diagnosis was significantly shorter than for patients without malnutrition.
•PD-1 expression on CD4+ cells increase at pancreatitis and can be used as prognostic factors.•PD-L1 expression on CD14+ cells increase at pancreatitis and can be used as prognostic ...factors.•Intermediate monocyte ratios increase at pancreatitis and can be used as prognostic factors.•CD14+ HLA-DR+ cells and classical monocyte could also be used to predict organ failure.
This study aimed to assess the significance of immunophenotyping and serum cytokines in predicting the clinical progression of acute biliary pancreatitis (ABP).
Cytokine levels, T-helper, cytotoxic T, natural killer (NK) cells, monocytes, HLA-DR, and PD-1, as well as PDL-1 immune checkpoints, were measured in ABP patients at the time of diagnosis and compared with results from healthy volunteers. The study also compared leukocyte counts, hematocrit, immunophenotyping results, cytokine statuses, and PD-1, PDL-1 expression between healthy volunteers and ABP subgroups categorized by pancreatitis severity.
The study included 65 ABP patients and 20 healthy volunteers. Significant differences were observed between groups in hematocrit, leukocyte counts, total monocytes, lymphocytes, CD3+ total T cells, CD4+ Th cells, PD-1 expression on CD4+ and CD8+T lymphocytes, HLA-DR expression on CD14+ monocytes, NK cells, PD-L1 expression on CD14+ monocytes, classical and intermediate monocytes, as well as levels of IL-6, IL-8, IL-10, IL-18, and IL-33 cytokines. Moderate correlations were found with lymphocyte counts, PD-1+CD4+ cells, PD-L1+CD14+ cells, and strong correlations with HLA-DR+CD14+ cells. Hematocrit, CD3+ total T cells, NK cells, CD4+PD-1 + T cells, and CD8+PD-1 + T cells showed independent associations with the severity of ABP. Lymphocyte counts, CD14+HLA-DR+ cells, CD14+PD-L1+ cells, CD4+PD-1 + T cells, classical, and intermediate monocytes exhibited the highest Area Under the Curve rates in determining organ failure.
Hematocrit, lymphocyte counts, CD14+HLA-DR+ cells, CD14+PD-L1+ cells, and intermediate monocytes emerged as parameters most closely associated with the severity and these parameters could be useful in predicting the severity of ABP.
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