The aim of this literature review was to assess the clinical performance of MTA to establish the evidence level for its effectiveness in vital pulp therapy, perforation repair, and retrograde root ...canal filling. A comprehensive literature survey was performed via electronic databases of PubMed/MEDLINE. A total of 58 papers were reviewed in this study, of which 2 were systematic reviews/meta-analysis, 9 were randomized controlled trials (RCTs), and the rest were fallen into other categories. Mineral trioxide aggregate (MTA) provided better pulp protection as a direct capping material when compared with calcium hydroxide. As perforation repair materials, MTA demonstrated an excellent sealing ability in vitro. For periodontal tissues around a perforation, MTA provided normal healing processes in clinical trials. It is therefore concluded that MTA has a high potential in repairing perforations. MTA is the most promising material when used for retrograde root canal filling demonstrating normal healing in short/long term clinical outcomes.
We have previously fabricated hydroxyapatite (HAP) nanoparticle-assembled powder (nano-HAP) plates and granules by assembling low-crystallinity HAP nanoparticles without template/binder molecules or ...high-temperature/pressure treatments. In this study, we combined the nano-HAP with fibroblast growth factor (FGF) 2, which promotes odontoblast differentiation, and used this as a pulpcapping agent for dentin defects created in rat molars. The tissue response was then radiologically and histologically assessed at 1 and 2 weeks after capping, to assess the biocompatibility and ability of this material to promote hard tissue formation. The application of nano-HAP/FGF2 induced the invasion of dental pulp cells and vessels, and was consistently found to stimulate formation of a dentinal bridge containing numerous dentinal tubules. We thus succeeded in treating the pulp exposure by using a physiological approach to promote tissue regeneration. Further investigations should be performed to explain exactly how the nano-HAP/FGF2 combination contributes to calcified tissue formation.
Caries Management with the Light Yoshikawa, Kazushi; Yamamoto, Kazuyo
The Journal of Japan Society for Laser Surgery and Medicine,
2022/07/15, Letnik:
43, Številka:
2
Journal Article
Odprti dostop
Since lasers were first used for cavity preparation in 1964 by Goldman et al., there have been several reports of their application to clinical dentistry. They are widely used for incising oral soft ...tissue, hemostasis, coagulation, and evaporation in oral and periodontal surgery, and have recently been reported a new finding about the caries treatment. We report that the possibility of the caries diagnosis, caries prevention, selective removal of the caries with the light.
Silicon nitride (Si
N
) can facilitate bone formation; hence, it is used as a biomaterial in orthopedics. Nevertheless, its usability for dentistry is unexplored. The aim of the present study was to ...investigate the effect of Si
N
granules for the proliferation and odontogenic differentiation of rat dental pulp cells (rDPCs). Four different types of Si
N
granules were prepared, which underwent different treatments to form pristine as-synthesized Si
N
, chemically treated Si
N
, thermally treated Si
N
, and Si
N
sintered with 3 wt.% yttrium oxide (Y
O
). rDPCs were cultured on or around the Si
N
granular beds. Compared with the other three types of Si
N
granules, the sintered Si
N
granules significantly promoted cellular attachment, upregulated the expression of odontogenic marker genes (
and
) in the early phase, and enhanced the formation of mineralization nodules. Furthermore, the water contact angle of sintered Si
N
was also greatly increased to 40°. These results suggest that the sintering process for Si
N
with Y
O
positively altered the surface properties of pristine as-synthesized Si
N
granules, thereby facilitating the odontogenic differentiation of rDPCs. Thus, the introduction of a sintering treatment for Si
N
granules is likely to facilitate their use in the clinical application of dentistry.
Reparative dentin formed by dental cavity preparation (DCP) is frequently used in clinical operations and plays a pivotal role in pulp protection. Recent reports have shown that senescent cells ...induced by various stressors aggravate many diseases. They can be treated using senolytics, which are drugs that selectively eliminate senescent cells. However, the association between DCP, senescent cells, and senolytics remains unclear. In this study, we established a rat model of DCP and analyzed the spatiotemporal localization of senescent cells in the pulp. The results showed that p21- and p16-positive senescent cells appeared mostly around the pulp horn (PH) under DCP. Furthermore, administration of senolytics (dasatinib and quercetin) successfully eliminated these senescent cells, thereby restoring the volume of reparative dentin formation. These data indicate that senescent cells induced by DCP may hamper the formation of reparative dentin. Senescent cells may be targets for the development of new restorative dentistry therapies.
The present study investigated the effects of a co-stimulation with surface reaction-type pre-reacted glass-ionomer (S-PRG) filler eluate and muramyl dipeptide (MDP) on matrix metalloproteinase ...(MMP)-1 production by human dental pulp fibroblast-like cells (hDPFs). S-PRG filler eluate contains 6 ions (F, Na, Al, B, Sr, and Si) released from S-PRG filler. Each S-PRG filler eluate and MDP stimulation enhanced MMP-1 production by hDPFs. The co-stimulation with S-PRG filler eluate and MDP enhanced MMP-1 production more than the MDP stimulation alone. A similar stimulation induced the phosphorylation of ERK 1/2. The increased secretion of MMP-1 and enhanced phosphorylation of ERK 1/2 by the co-stimulation with S-PRG filler eluate and MDP were suppressed by the selective and potent CaSR antagonist NPS 2143. Since strontium binds to CaSR, these results suggest that the enhanced production of MMP-1 by the co-stimulation with S-PRG filler eluate and MDP was due to the effects of strontium.
Nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain 2, which is constitutively expressed in human dental pulp fibroblast-like cells (hDPFs), plays a role in pulpal immune responses by sensing muramyl dipeptide ...(MDP) from bacteria. Matrix metalloproteinase-3 (MMP-3) is abundantly expressed in acute pulpitis and acts as a mediator of the healing of dental pulp as an anti-inflammatory and regenerative factor. In the present study, we investigated the involvement of the ERK1/2 signaling pathway in MMP-3 production by MDP-stimulated hDPFs. MDP was not cytotoxic against hDPFs and did not affect their proliferation. A stimulation with MDP enhanced MMP-3 production and ERK1/2 phosphorylation. The ERK1/2 signaling pathway was involved in the production of MMP-3 by MDP-stimulated hDPFs. These results suggest that the induction of MMP-3 production by MDP-stimulated hDPFs has an anti-inflammatory function by degrading inflammatory cytokines.
Freeze-drying, also known as lyophilization, is widely used in the preparation of porous biomaterials. Nevertheless, limited information is known regarding the effect of gas permeability on molds to ...obtain porous materials. We demonstrated that the different levels of gas permeability of molds remarkably altered the pore distribution of prepared gelatin sponges and distinct bone formation at critical-sized bone defects of the rat calvaria. Three types of molds were prepared: silicon tube (ST), which has high gas permeability; ST covered with polyvinylidene chloride (PVDC) film, which has low gas permeability, at the lateral side (STPL); and ST covered with PVDC at both the lateral and bottom sides (STPLB). The cross sections or curved surfaces of the sponges were evaluated using scanning electron microscopy and quantitative image analysis. The gelatin sponge prepared using ST mold demonstrated wider pore size and spatial distribution and larger average pore diameter (149.2 µm) compared with that prepared using STPL and STPLB. The sponges using ST demonstrated significantly poor bone formation and bone mineral density after 3 weeks. The results suggest that the gas permeability of molds critically alters the pore size and spatial pore distribution of prepared sponges during the freeze-drying process, which probably causes distinct bone formation.
Despite advances in bone regenerative medicine, the relationship between stress-induced premature senescence (SIPS) in cells and bone regeneration remains largely unknown. Herein, we demonstrated ...that the implantation of a lipopolysaccharide (LPS) sustained-release gelatin sponge (LS-G) increases the number of SIPS cells and that the elimination of these cells promotes bone formation in critical-sized bone defects in the rat calvaria. Histological (hematoxylin-eosin and SA-β-gal) and immunohistological (p16 and p21 for analyzing cellular senescence and 4-HNE for oxidation) staining was used to identify SIPS cells and elucidate the underlying mechanism. Bone formation in defects were analyzed using microcomputed tomography, one and four weeks after surgery. Parallel to LS-G implantation, local epigallocatechin gallate (EGCG) administration, and systemic senolytic (dasatinib and quercetin: D+Q) administration were used to eliminate SIPS cells. After LS-G implantation, SA-β-gal-, p16-, and p21-positive cells (SIPS cells) accumulated in the defects. However, treatment with LS-G+EGCG and LS-G+D+Q resulted in lower numbers of SIPS cells than that with LS-G in the defects, resulting in an augmentation of newly formed bone. We demonstrated that SIPS cells induced by sustained stimulation by LPS may play a deleterious role in bone formation. Controlling these cell numbers is a promising strategy to increase bone regeneration.
PDF
