Quantum information processing made a tremendous and remarkable impact on number of classical mechanic's problems. The impact does not only stop at classical mechanics but also the cyber security ...paradigm. Quantum information and cryptography are two classes of quantum information processing which use the idea of qubits instead of bits as in classical information security. The idea of fast computations with multiple complexity level is becoming more realistic in the age of quantum information due to quantum parallelism where a single quantum computer does allow to compute hundreds of classical computers with less efforts and more accuracy. The evolution of quantum information processing replaces a number of classical mechanic's aspects in computational and cyber security sciences. Our aim here is to introduce concepts of applied quantum dynamics in cryptography, which leads to an evolution of quantum cryptography. Quantum cryptography is one of the most astonishing solicitations of quantum information theory. To measure the quantum state of any system is not possible without disturbing that system. The facts of quantum mechanics on traditional cryptosystems lead to a new protocol and achieving maximum remarkable security for systems. The scope of this paper is to design an innovative encryption scheme for digital data based on quantum spinning and rotation operators.
In this research article, we propose a new structure namely inverse left almost semigroup (LA-semigroup) by adding confusion in our proposed image encryption scheme along with discrete and continuous ...chaotic systems in order to complement the diffusion characteristics. The performance analysis was conducted in terms of the correlation analysis, the pixels uniformity analysis, the sensitivity analysis, the information entropy analysis, and pixels difference based measurements. The results show that the proposed algorithm has better information security properties, which can provide strong security and a high performance.
Human behavior pattern recognition (BPR) from accelerometer signals is a challenging problem due to variations in signal durations of different behaviors. Analysis of human behaviors provides in ...depth observations of subject’s routines, energy consumption and muscular stress. Such observations hold key importance for the athletes and physically ailing humans, who are highly sensitive to even minor injuries. A novel idea having variant of genetic algorithm is proposed in this paper to solve complex feature selection and classification problems using sensor data. The proposed BPR system, based on statistical dependencies between behaviors and respective signal data, has been used to extract statistical features along with acoustic signal features like zero crossing rate to maximize the possibility of getting optimal feature values. Then, reweighting of features is introduced in a feature selection phase to facilitate the segregation of behaviors. These reweighted features are further processed by biological operations of crossover and mutation to adapt varying signal patterns for significant accuracy results. Experiments on wearable sensors benchmark datasets HMP, WISDM and self-annotated IMSB datasets have been demonstrated to testify the efficacy of the proposed work over state-of-the-art methods.
The Western Passive Continental Margin of the Indian Plate (WCMI) serves as an elegant laboratory for understanding the syn-sedimentary rift-drift tectonics preserving a variety of episodic ...structural deformations and complex sedimentary infill. Here we present a multidisciplinary study on Offshore Indus Basin (OIB) that is less investigated compared to adjacent marginal basins along WCMI. Reflection seismic, gravity, borehole, and biostratigraphic data have been used to reconstruct the tectono-sedimentary history of the Meso-Cenozoic succession in OIB. Seismic based dynamic stratigraphy helped in mapping seven different depositional sequences grounded on morpho-tectonic considerations. The seismic expression of these sequences provided an idea of the depositional styles with different tectonic episodes since rifting in Jurassic to basin inversion in Miocene continued to present time. The OIB initially filled from the north with the sediments rapidly prograding southwards. In general, the basin deepens in the central and northwestern part where the formations achieve maximum depths. The analysis of 3D structural models revealed that the region experienced poly-phase deformation from the Late Cretaceous to recent times that include steeply dipping normal faults, horst, and graben, half-graben, half-graben with growth faulting, flower structures, anticline, syncline, and uplift with an angular unconformity. The most remarkable tectonic activity happened at the Early Miocene and resulted in the reactivation of extensional faults into strike-slip faults giving rise to a spectacular structural inversion due to transform movement between Indian and Arabian Plates that continues to present day. The most predominant faults are oriented in S20°-50°E with azimuth as 120°–160° and the maximum dip angles are >80° in the southwest flank of the basin. The main fault trend is S20°E-N20°W and dip angles ranging between 40° and 80° and above. A thick crust and the Ocean-Continent Transition (OCT) is imaged with massive felsic, mafic, and ultramafic intrusions by the help of forward gravity modeling. An initial onset of syn-rift tectonic subsidence between 90 and 68 Ma with a post-rift general increase between 68 and 54 Ma is comprehended while two uplift events at ~40 Ma and ~18 Ma are documented through backstripping analysis. It is inferred that the region is rapidly under complex structural inversion with growing folding, faulting, and flowering structures. This study could help in explaining the unanswered reasons of structural complexities, depositional styles, and basin inversion along worldwide passive margins.
•Various datasets and techniques used in reconstructing the tectono-sedimentary history of the Offshore Indus Pakistan.•Early Miocene marks a remarkable era of change in the regional geology.•Spectacular structural inversion due to transform movement between Indian and Arabian Plates is identified.•Poly-phase deformation resulted in steeply dipping normal faults.The faults form horsts, graben, half-graben structures and half-grabens with growth faulting.Remarkable flower structures, anticline, syncline, and uplift with an angular unconformity are recognized.•The faults form horsts, graben, half-graben structures and half-grabens with growth faulting.•Remarkable flower structures, anticline, syncline, and uplift with an angular unconformity are recognized.
Background:
MOG antibody and AQP4 antibody seropositive diseases are immunologically distinct subtypes of neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders (NMOSD) with similar clinical presentations. MRI ...findings can be instrumental in distinguishing MOG antibody disease from AQP4 antibody NMOSD.
Objectives:
The aim of this study is to characterize the neuroradiological differences between MOG antibody disease and AQP4 antibody NMOSD with the aim to distinguish between the two entities.
Methods:
This is a retrospective study of 26 MOG and 25 AQP4 seropositive patients in which MRI features of the brain, spinal cord, and orbit were compared.
Results:
The majority of the abnormal findings in the MOG cohort were located on orbital MRIs, while spinal cord magnetic resonance (MR) abnormalities were more common in the AQP4 cohort. Brain abnormalities showed some overlap, but cortical gray/juxtacortical white matter involvement was distinct to MOG patients, while area postrema involvement was a rare feature.
Conclusion:
Cortical gray/juxtacortical white matter lesions on brain MRI might help distinguish MOG antibody disease from AQP4-positive NMOSD. These findings could be of value in distinguishing the two entities as early as the first presentation.
Over the last decade a large number of routing protocols has been designed for achieving energy efficiency in data collecting wireless sensor networks. The drawbacks of using a static sink are well ...known. It has been argued in the literature that a mobile sink may improve the energy dissipation compared to a static one. Some authors focus on minimizing Emax, the maximum energy dissipation of any single node in the network, while others aim at minimizing Ebar, the average energy dissipation over all nodes. In our paper we take a more holistic view, considering both Emax and Ebar.
The main contribution of this paper is to provide a simulation-based analysis of the energy efficiency of WSNs with static and mobile sinks. The focus is on two important configuration parameters: mobility path of the sink and duty cycling value of the nodes. On the one hand, it is well known that in the case of a mobile sink with fixed trajectory the choice of the mobility path influences energy efficiency. On the other hand, in some types of applications sensor nodes spend a rather large fraction of their total lifetime in idle mode, and therefore higher energy efficiency can be achieved by using the concept of reduced duty cycles. In particular, we quantitatively analyze the influence of duty cycling and the mobility radius of the sink as well as their interrelationship in terms of energy consumption for a well-defined model scenario. The analysis starts from general load considerations and is refined into a geometrical model. This model is validated by simulations which are more realistic in terms of duty cycling than previous work.
It is illustrated that over all possible configuration scenarios in terms of duty cycle and mobility radius of the sink the energy dissipation in the WSN can vary up to a factor of nine in terms of Emax and up to a factor of 17 in terms of Ebar. It turns out that in general the choice of the duty cycle value is more important for achieving energy efficiency than the choice of the mobility radius of the sink. Moreover, for small values of the duty cycle, a static sink turns out to be optimal in terms of both Emax and Ebar. For larger values of the duty cycle, a mobile sink has advantages over a static sink, especially in terms of Emax. These insights into the basic interrelationship between duty cycle value and mobility radius of a mobile sink are relevant for energy efficient operation of homogeneous WSNs beyond our model scenario.
Bentonite plastic concrete (BPC) demonstrated promising potential for remedial cut-off wall construction to mitigate dam seepage, as it fulfills essential criteria for strength, stiffness, and ...permeability. High workability and consistency are essential attributes for BPC because it is poured into trenches using a tremie pipe, emphasizing the importance of accurately predicting the slump of BPC. In addition, prediction models offer valuable tools to estimate various strength parameters, enabling adjustments to BPC mixing designs to optimize project construction, leading to cost and time savings. Therefore, this study explores the multi-expression programming (MEP) technique to predict the key characteristics of BPC, such as slump, compressive strength (fc), and elastic modulus (Ec). In the present study, 158, 169, and 111 data points were collected from the experimental studies for the slump, fc, and Ec, respectively. The dataset was divided into three sets: 70% for training, 15% for testing, and another 15% for model validation. The MEP models exhibited excellent accuracy with a correlation coefficient (R) of 0.9999 for slump, 0.9831 for fc, and 0.9300 for Ec. Furthermore, the comparative analysis between MEP models and conventional linear and non-linear regression models revealed remarkable precision in the predictions of the proposed MEP models, surpassing the accuracy of traditional regression methods. SHapley Additive exPlanation analysis indicated that water, cement, and bentonite exert significant influence on slump, with water having the greatest impact on compressive strength, while curing time and cement exhibit a higher influence on elastic modulus. In summary, the application of machine learning algorithms offers the capability to deliver prompt and precise early estimates of BPC properties, thus optimizing the efficiency of construction and design processes.
Myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) antibody disease is a rare autoimmune disorder with antibodies against the MOG predominantly involving the optic nerve and spinal cord leading to vision loss ...and paralysis. When MOG antibody disease involves the brain, the phenotype is similar to acute disseminated encephalomyelitis (ADEM). In this review, we discuss MOG-positive cases presenting with encephalitis, encephalopathy, or ADEM-like presentation based on recently published series.
Chaotic maps play a vital role in the development of cryptographic techniques being used in today’s world. Efficient and highly secure algorithms can be constructed based on chaotic maps. Chaotic ...maps have the intrinsic property of being highly sensitive to initial conditions. In this paper, we have presented a novel scheme for construction and optimization of substitution boxes (S-boxes) based on mixed two dimensional (2D) chaotic maps in which cryptographic properties of S-boxes are optimized based on initial conditions of their parent 2D chaotic map. The proposed scheme and the resulting substitution boxes are analyzed with existing cryptanalysis techniques and their results have been compared with some other algorithms available in literature. The proposed scheme has been found to be more efficacious than other algorithms. The outcomes of security analysis indicate that our proposed technique and resulting optimized non-linear component in the current era of information technology.
The cellular basis of age-related tissue deterioration remains largely obscure. The ability to activate compensatory mechanisms in response to environmental stress is an important factor for survival ...and maintenance of cellular functions. Autophagy is activated both under short and prolonged stress and is required to clear the cell of dysfunctional organelles and altered proteins. We report that specific autophagy inhibition in muscle has a major impact on neuromuscular synaptic function and, consequently, on muscle strength, ultimately affecting the lifespan of animals. Inhibition of autophagy also exacerbates aging phenotypes in muscle, such as mitochondrial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and profound weakness. Mitochondrial dysfunction and oxidative stress directly affect acto-myosin interaction and force generation but show a limited effect on stability of neuromuscular synapses. These results demonstrate that age-related deterioration of synaptic structure and function is exacerbated by defective autophagy.
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•Autophagy in muscle decreases with age, and rescue prevents muscle loss•Autophagy inhibition in muscles shortens animal lifespan•Autophagy is required to maintain a normal muscle-nerve interaction•Autophagy impairment induces oxidation of contractile proteins, causing weakness
The cellular basis of age-related tissue deterioration remains largely obscure. Autophagy is often activated under stress conditions and declines with age. Carnio et al. now report that specific autophagy inhibition in muscle has a major impact on neuromuscular synaptic function and consequently on muscle strength, ultimately affecting the lifespan of animals. Autophagy inhibition also exacerbates several aging phenotypes, confirming that autophagy is required for healthy aging.
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