This proceedings volume contains the latest developments in particle physics in collider experiments. The contributions cover new results such as the production of quark-gluon plasma in the heavy-ion ...collider, the new techniques for precision measurement at low energies, and the status of neutrino physics at various laboratories including the new facilities that are at the planning stage.
Two mode squeezed vacuum states allow Bell's inequality violation (BIV) for all non-vanishing squeezing parameter (
ζ). We show that for finite
ζ in continuous variable systems additional parameters ...are present for optimizing BIV. Thus the expectation value of the Bell operator depends, in addition to the orientation parameters, on configuration parameters. Optimization of these configurational parameters leads to a unique maximal BIV that depends only on
ζ.
The ORF15 isoform of RPGR (RPGRORF15) and RPGR interacting protein 1 (RPGRIP1) are mutated in a variety of retinal dystrophies but their functions are poorly understood. Here, we show that in ...cultured mammalian cells both RPGRORF15 and RPGRIP1 localize to centrioles. These localizations are resistant to the microtubule destabilizing drug nocodazole and persist throughout the cell cycle. RPGR and RPGRIP1 also co-localize at basal bodies in cells with primary cilia. The C-terminal (C2) domain of RPGRORF15 (ORF15C2) is highly conserved across 13 mammalian species, suggesting that it is a functionally important domain. Using matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry, we show that this domain interacts with a 40 kDa shuttling protein nucleophosmin (NPM). The RPGRORF15–NPM interaction was confirmed by (i) yeast two-hybrid analyses; (ii) binding of both recombinant and native HeLa cell NPM to RPGRORF15 fusion proteins in vitro; (iii) co-immunoprecipitation of native NPM, RPGRORF15 and RPGRIP1 from bovine retinal extracts and of native HeLa cell NPM and transfected RPGRORF15 from cultured cells and (iv) co-localization of NPM and RPGRORF15 at metaphase centrosomes in cultured cells. NPM is a multifunctional protein chaperone that shuttles between the nucleoli and the cytoplasm and has been associated with licensing of centrosomal division. RPGR and RPGRIP1 join a growing number of centrosomal proteins involved in human disease.
We study the N-component (2+1)-dimensional Gross–Neveu model bounded between two parallel planes separated by a distance L at finite temperature T. From the four-point function, we obtain a closed ...expression for the large-N effective coupling constant g=g(L,T,λ). Different behavior depending on the magnitude of the fixed coupling constant λ is found to lead to a “critical” value λc. If λ<λc, only short-distance and/or high-temperature “asymptotic freedom” (g→0) is found. For λ⩾λc, and low enough T, one also observes a divergence in g as L→Lc, suggesting that fermions become spatially confined, an effect which is destroyed by raising the temperature. We find a confining length, Lc≃1.61 fm, that is close to the proton charge diameter (≈1.74 fm) and a “deconfining” temperature, ≃138 MeV, which is comparable to the estimated value of the deconfining temperature (≈200 MeV) for hadrons.
The purpose of this study was to confirm the efficacy and safety of twice-daily glycopyrrolate 15.6 µg, a long-acting muscarinic antagonist, in patients with stable, symptomatic, chronic obstructive ...pulmonary disease (COPD) with moderate-to-severe airflow limitation.
The GEM1 study was a 12-week, multicenter, double-blind, parallel-group, placebo-controlled study that randomized patients with stable, symptomatic COPD with moderate-to-severe airflow limitation to twice-daily glycopyrrolate 15.6 µg or placebo (1:1) via the Neohaler(®) device. The primary objective was to demonstrate superiority of glycopyrrolate versus placebo in terms of forced expiratory volume in 1 second area under the curve between 0 and 12 hours post morning dose at week 12. Other outcomes included additional spirometric end points, transition dyspnea index, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire, COPD Assessment Test, rescue medication use, and symptoms reported by patients via electronic diary. Safety was also assessed during the study.
Of the 441 patients randomized (glycopyrrolate, n=222; placebo, n=219), 96% of patients completed the planned treatment phase. Glycopyrrolate demonstrated statistically significant (P<0.001) improvements in lung function versus placebo. Glycopyrrolate showed statistically significant improvement in the transition dyspnea index focal score, St George's Respiratory Questionnaire total score, COPD Assessment Test score, rescue medication use, and daily total symptom score versus placebo at week 12. Safety was comparable between the treatment groups.
Significant improvement in lung function, dyspnea, COPD symptoms, health status, and rescue medication use suggests that glycopyrrolate is a safe and effective treatment option as maintenance bronchodilator in patients with stable, symptomatic COPD with moderate-to-severe airflow limitation.
The Galilei-covariant fermionic field theories are quantized by using the path-integral method and five-dimensional Lorentz-like covariant expressions of non-relativistic field equations. First, we ...review the five-dimensional approach to the Galilean Dirac equation, which leads to the Lévy-Leblond equations, and define the Galilean generating functional and Green’s functions for positive- and negative-energy/mass solutions. Then, as an example of interactions, we consider the quartic self-interacting potential
λ
(
Ψ
¯
Ψ
)
2
, and we derive expressions for the 2- and 4-point Green’s functions. Our results are compatible with those found in the literature on non-relativistic many-body systems. The extended manifold allows for compact expressions of the contributions in (3
+
1) space–time. This is particularly apparent when we represent the results with diagrams in the extended (4
+
1) manifold, since they usually encompass more diagrams in Galilean (3
+
1) space–time.
This proceedings volume contains the latest results from the field of particle physics. The contributions cover the current status of all the Large Hadron Collider (LHC) experiments, the implications ...of the LHC for cosmology, and the search for dark matter and nuclear astrophysics.
We consider four- and six-fermion interacting models at finite temperature and density. We construct the corresponding free energies and investigate the appearance of first- and second-order phase ...transitions. Finite-size effects on the phase structure are investigated using methods of quantum field theory on toroidal topologies.
•First- and second-order phase transitions occur in fermion self-interaction models.•Minimal size of the system exists for phase transitions to be sustained.•Four- and six-fermion interaction models describe inverse symmetry breaking.
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