The distribution of allele frequencies of polymorphic markers of the genes of the apoptosis and cell cycle control system
TP53
(rs1042522),
MDM2
(rs2279744), and
CDKN1A
(rs1801270) was obtained. The ...relationship of these markers with the risk of ovarian cancer was analyzed in women of the Moscow region. The study included 70 healthy female donors and 66 patients with ovarian cancer. DNA isolated from the blood of healthy donors and tissue and blood of patients with ovarian cancer was studied. The polymorphic markers of genes were analyzed by real-time PCR with fluorescent allele-specific probes. In the work, the odds ratios (OR) of ovarian cancer risk were obtained: OR = 0.94, 95% CI = 0.57–1.65,
p
= 1.0 for the
Pro
allele of the
Arg72Pro
of the
TP53
gene; OR = 0.96, 95% CI = 0.49–1.89,
p
= 0.90 for the
G
allele of the
T
(
–410
)
G
of the
MDM2
gene; OR = 1.53, 95% CI = 0.76–3.09,
p
= 0.29 for the
Arg
allele of the
Ser31Arg
of the
CDKN1A
gene. Obtained results show no association with ovarian cancer for studied markers. It was revealed that the carriage of minor alleles of the
Arg72Pro
of the
TP53
gene,
T
(
–410
)
G
of the
MDM2
gene, and
Ser31Arg
of the
CDKN1A
gene did not affect the risk of development of ovarian cancer in women of the Moscow region.
The mortality rate of Anopheles messeae Fll. and Culex pipiens pipiens L. mosquito larvae infected with entopathogenic fungi Metarhizium brunneum and M. robertsii has been studied in laboratory ...conditions. It was shown that C. pipiens larvae are more susceptible to a water suspension of fungal conidia treatment while A. messeae larvae are more susceptible to treatment with dry conodia. The mortality of mosquito larvae infected with the most virulent strain and dose of 2 × 10⁶ conidia per cm² was 87.5–92.5%. Prospects for the use of fungi in the biocontrol of bloodsucking mosquitoes are discussed.
A synchronous coinfection of the Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say) with the entomopathogenic bacteria Bacillus thuringiensis ssp. morrisoni Bonnifoi '' de Barjak var. tenebrionis ...Krieg et al. and hyphomycete Metarhizium anisopliae (Metsch.) Sorokin or Beauveria bassiana (Bals.) Vuill leads to the rapid death of 95-100% of larvae. The bacteria arrest the nutrition of insects, while the fungal spores kill the weakened larvae. The synergistic effect of two pathogens is recorded at a relatively low hyphomycete titer (1-5 x 10⁶ conidia/ml) and is evident in the mortality dynamics at all larval ages. These bacterial and fungal pathogens display no antagonism on artificial nutrient media. This microbial complex is highly efficient under natural conditions (80-90% larval mortality rate and no plant defoliation).
Gut physiology and the bacterial community play crucial roles in insect susceptibility to infections and insecticides. Interactions among Colorado potato beetle Leptinotarsa decemlineata (Say), its ...bacterial associates, pathogens and xenobiotics have been insufficiently studied. In this paper, we present our study of the survival, midgut histopathology, activity of digestive enzymes and bacterial communities of L. decemlineata larvae under the influence of Bacillus thuringiensis var. tenebrionis (morrissoni) (Bt), a natural complex of avermectins and a combination of both agents. Moreover, we estimated the impact of culturable enterobacteria on the susceptibility of the larvae to Bt and avermectins. An additive effect between Bt and avermectins was established regarding the mortality of the larvae. Both agents led to the destruction of midgut tissues, a decrease in the activity of alpha-amylases and alkaline proteinases, a decrease in the Spiroplasma leptinotarsae relative abundance and a strong elevation of Enterobacteriaceae abundance in the midgut. Moreover, an elevation of the enterobacterial CFU count was observed under the influence of Bt and avermectins, and the greatest enhancement was observed after combined treatment. Insects pretreated with antibiotics were less susceptible to Bt and avermectins, but reintroduction of the predominant enterobacteria Enterobacter ludwigii, Citrobacter freundii and Serratia marcescens increased susceptibility to both agents. We suggest that enterobacteria play an important role in the acceleration of Bt infection and avermectin toxicoses in L. decemlineata and that the additive effect between Bt and avermectin may be mediated by alterations in the bacterial community.
The results of tests on a compensated lead hadron calorimeter with cell size 10×10
cm
2, thickness 8 nuclear interaction lengths and sampling of 16
mm lead, 4
mm scintillator, with hadron, electron ...and lead–ion beams up to 32
TeV total energy are presented. The hadronic energy resolution of the calorimeter is 57%/
E
, the nonuniformity is better than 10% and the measured ratio
e/
h=1.01. Five hundred cells of this calorimeter have been made for experiments at CERN and IHEP, Protvino.
Obesity is a high-risk factor for such comorbidities as cardiovascular disease, several types of cancer, and type 2 diabetes; however not all individuals with obesity have such complications. ...Approximately 20% of individuals with obesity are metabolically healthy. This study focused on differences between obese individuals with and without type 2 diabetes (T2D+ and T2D-, respectively) on the transcriptome level. Subjects included were 35 T2D- patients with obesity and 35 T2D+ patients with obesity with the same body mass index (BMI). The study was based on the transcription analysis of mRNA and microRNAs (miRs) by RNAseq. In the first step, we performed RNAseq of miRs, in the second step, we analyzed only those mRNA, which appeared targets for significant miRs from the first step. All RNAseq results were validated by qPCR. There were seven miRs differently expressed with adjusted
-value <0.1, which were confirmed by qPCR. Five among them: miR-204-5p, miR125b-5p, miR-125a-5p, miR320a, miR-99b-were upregulated in T2D+ patients with obesity, while only two miRs, miR-23b-3p, and miR197-3p, were increased in T2D- patients with obesity. These seven miRs target two groups of genes: matrix metalloproteinases and TGFβ signal pathway genes. According to the results of transcriptome analysis, the main difference between T2D+ and T2D- patients with obesity was in adipogenesis and fibrosis regulation by matrix metalloproteinases and SMAD4-RUNX2 signal cascade. Based on the data about transcription profiles of both groups, we suggested that the process of fibrosis in T2D+ patients with obesity is more pronounced than in T2D- patients with obesity.
► 5 ammonium salts of dialkyldithiophosphoric acid were synthesized on basis of white P. ► Salts have high efficiency at low concentrations as inhibitors CO
2 corrosion of Fe. ► Inhibition efficiency ...for some ammonium salts increases with temperature. ► The absorption of inhibitor molecules on the steel surface obeys Langmuir isotherm.
Ammonium salts of O,O′-dialkyldithiophosphoric acids (RО)
2 Р(S) S
− HN
+
R
′
R
2
″
, were synthesized and tested as inhibitors for carbon dioxide corrosion of mild steel using weight loss, polarization curves, electrochemical impedance spectroscopy and scanning electron microscopy methods. High inhibition efficiency has been found for all compounds (
η
=
70–99%) at very low concentrations (0.25–5)
mg
l
−1. Polarization curves show that the title compounds can be considered as inhibitors of the mixed type. The absorption of inhibitor molecules on the mild steel surface obeys the Langmuir isotherm. Inhibition efficiency for some ammonium salts increases with temperature. The activation energy and some thermodynamic parameters were computed.
The inhibition activity of 2-mercaptopyrimidine (
I), 2-mercapto-4-methylpyrimidine hydrochloride (
II), 2-mercapto-4,6-dimethylpyrimidine (
III) and its hydrochloride (
IV) upon carbon dioxide ...corrosion of iron has been studied in a wide range of concentrations at 40–90
°C using electrochemical and mass-spectrometry methods. High activity has been found for all compounds (
P
=
80–99%) at very low concentrations (0.02–5
mg/l). Adsorption of inhibitor by metal not only blocks its surface but changes the reaction mechanism as well. Charge transfer is the limiting stage of both cathode and anode reactions. The title compounds can be considered as inhibitors of what is a mixed type with prevailing effect on the anode reaction.
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