The purpose of this study is to analyze the results of construction accidents occurred from 2011 to 2015 in Korea. The annual reports from the Ministry of Employment and Labor, Korea (MOEL), and the ...annual reports from the Statistics Korea were used for the analysis in this study. The gender, age, company size and accident types were chosen as a category to analyze the trend of various occupational accidents. In order to analyze the characteristics of construction accidents, incidence rates (IRs) and mortality rates (MRs) were calculated. Further, T-tests and ANOVA analysis were performed to discover the relationships among IRs, MRs, and chosen categories. Male workers’ IRs and MRs were significantly higher than those of female workers. Construction workers over 40 years of age suffered the most from occupational injuries. In terms of company size, as company size increases, both IRs and MRs tended to decrease. Occupational injuries caused by falls were higher than other accident types each year. This paper will be able to provide information on occupational accidents for establishing strategies to reduce the accident rate in construction sectors of Korea.
Purpose
To delineate the association between otolithic dysfunction and orthostatic hypotension (OH).
Methods
We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of 382 patients who presented with ...orthostatic dizziness at a tertiary dizziness center between July 2017 and December 2021. Patients were included for analyses when they had completed ocular (oVEMP) and/or cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMP), and head-up tilt table test with a Finometer (
n
= 155). We compared the results between the patients with OH (
n
= 38) and those with NOI (normal head-up tilt table test despite orthostatic intolerance,
n
= 117).
Results
Thirty-eight patients with OH were further categorized as either classic (
n
= 30), delayed (
n
= 7), or initial (
n
= 1) types. Multivariable logistic regression showed that OH was associated with high baseline systolic BP (
p
= 0.046), presence of heart failure (
p
= 0.016), and unilateral oVEMP abnormalities (
p
= 0.016). n1 latency of oVEMP were negatively correlated with the maximal changes of systolic blood pressure (BP) in 15 s (
Δ
SBP
15s
,
p
= 0.013), 3 min (
Δ
SBP
3min
,
p
= 0.005) and 10 min (
Δ
SBP
10min
,
p
= 0.002). In contrast, the n1-p1 amplitude was positively correlated with
Δ
SBP
15s
(
p
= 0.029). Meanwhile, p13 latency of cVEMP was negatively correlated with
Δ
SBP
10min
(
p
= 0.018).
Conclusions
Our study provides evidence of utricular dysfunction related to OH.
Background:
There are currently few studies regarding late-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (LO-NMOSD).
Objective:
We aimed to describe the characteristic features of patients with ...LO-NMOSD in Korea.
Methods:
Anti-aquaporin-4 antibody-positive patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD) from nine tertiary hospitals were reviewed retrospectively. The patients were divided into two groups based on age of onset: LO-NMOSD (⩾50 years of age at onset) versus early-onset neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (EO-NMOSD) (<50 years of age at onset). Clinical, laboratory, and magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameters were investigated.
Results:
Among a total of 147 patients (125 female; age of onset, 39.4 ± 15.2 years), 45 patients (30.6%) had an age of onset of more than 50 years. Compared to patients with EO-NMOSD, patients with LO-NMOSD had more frequent isolated spinal cord involvement at onset (64.4% vs 37.2%, p = 0.002), less frequent involvement of the optic nerve (40.0% vs 67.7%, p = 0.002), and less frequent brain MRI lesions (31.1% vs 50.0%, p = 0.034). Furthermore, there was a significant positive correlation between age of onset and Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score at last follow-up (r = 0.246, p = 0.003).
Conclusion:
Age of onset could be an important predictor of lesion location and clinical course of patients with NMOSD.
The role of childhood abuse and serum brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) levels in suicidal behaviour is controversial.
We aimed to investigate the individual and interactive effects of the ...childhood abuse and serum BDNF on suicidal behaviour before and after pharmacologic treatment in patients with depressive disorders.
At baseline, reported childhood emotional, physical and sexual abuse were ascertained and serum BDNF levels were measured in 1094 patients with depressive disorder, 884 of whom were followed during a 1-year period of stepwise pharmacotherapy. Suicidal behaviours evaluated at baseline were previous suicide attempt and baseline suicide severity, and suicidal behaviours evaluated at follow-up were increased suicide severity and fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt. Individual and interactive associations of any childhood abuse and serum BDNF levels with four types of suicidal behaviours were analysed using logistic regression models, after adjusting relevant covariates.
Individual associations of childhood abuse were significant only with previous suicide attempt, and no significant individual associations were found for serum BDNF with any suicide outcome. However, the presence of both childhood abuse and lower serum BDNF levels was associated with the highest prevalence/incidence of all four suicidal behaviours, with significant interactions for baseline suicide severity and fatal/non-fatal suicide attempt during follow-up.
Synergistic interactive effects of child abuse and serum BDNF levels on suicidal behaviours were found before and after pharmacologic treatment in patients with depressive disorders. Information combining childhood abuse and serum BDNF levels could improve predictions of suicidal behaviour in patients with depressive disorders.
Significance
Electrical burns can cause severe damage to the nervous system, resulting in autonomic dysfunction with reduced cerebral perfusion. However, few studies have investigated these ...consequences.
Aim
To elucidate changes in prefrontal cerebral hemodynamics using functional near-infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) during the head-up tilt table test (HUT) for patients with electrical burns.
Approach
We recruited 17 patients with acute electrical burns within 1 week after their accidents and 10 healthy volunteers. The NIRS parameters acquired using an fNIRS device attached to the forehead were analyzed in five distinct HUT phases.
Results
Based on their HUT response patterns, patients with electrical burns were classified into the group with abnormal HUT results (APG,
n
= 4) or normal HUT results (NPG,
n
= 13) and compared with the healthy control (HC,
n
= 10) participants. We found trends in hemodynamic changes during the HUT that distinguished HC, NPG, and APG. Reduced cerebral perfusion and decreased blood oxygenation during the HUT were found in both the NPG and APG groups. Patients with electrical burns had autonomic dysfunction compared to the HC participants.
Conclusions
Using fNIRS, we observed that acute-stage electrical burn injuries could affect cerebral perfusion.
Chalcones have a long history of being used for many medical purposes. These are the most prestigious scaffolds in medicine. The potential of Millepachine and its derivatives to treat various ...malignancies has been demonstrated in this review. The anticancer effects of Millepachine and its derivatives on ovarian cancer, hepatocellular carcinoma, breast, liver, colon, cervical, prostate, stomach, and gliomas are highlighted in the current review. Several genes that are crucial in reducing the severity of the disease have been altered by these substances. They mainly work by preventing tubulin polymerizing. They also exhibit apoptosis and cell cycle arrest at the G2/M phase. Additionally, these compounds inhibit invasion and migration and have antiproliferative effects. Preclinical studies have shown that Millepachine and its derivatives offer exceptional potential for treating a number of cancers. These results need to be confirmed in clinical research in order to develop viable cancer therapies.
•The chalcone Millepachine and its derivatives demonstrate anticancer activities in vitro and in vivo.•They primarily act by inhibiting the polymerization of tubulin.•Millepachine and its derivatives showed anticancer potential in various cell lines.
This study investigated the litter performance of lactating sows fed nutrient‐dense diets with or without dextrose at farrowing to weaning, during the summer with an average room temperature of ...28.4°C. A total of 60 (13 first parity, 13 second parity, 19 third parity, and 15 forth parity) cross‐bred sows were assigned to three treatments. The three treatments were: standard diet (ST), high nutrient diet (HN; ST + 3% higher energy and 18.0% protein), and high nutrient diet plus dextrose (HND; 3% higher energy, 18.0% protein, and 5% dextrose). BW loss was reduced in the HND sows compared with the ST sows during lactation. The HN and HND sows had a higher piglet and litter weight at weaning. Also, the HND sows had the highest post‐prandial insulin levels at weaning and the shortest weaning‐to‐service interval (WSI). Serum LH was higher in the HND sows than the ST sows. The milk fat level was higher in the HND sows compared with the ST sows, but similar to the HN sows. In conclusion, these results suggest that it is possible to increase the blood insulin response by supplementing dextrose to a high nutrient diet, thus, improving WSI interval and litter growth during heat stress.
Three‐dimensional (3‐D) analysis of human epidermal melanocytes is required for deeper understanding of melanocytic disorders. The purpose of this study was to standardize 3‐D imaging and ...quantification for the evaluation of epidermal melanocytes. The epidermal specimen was obtained using the suction blister method from a patient with melanocytic nevus on the forearm skin. Cutaneous ACT‐PRESTO, the tissue‐clearing and labeling technique, was subsequently performed. With the 3‐D image analysis program, morphological reconstruction and quantification of selected perilesional and melanocytic nevus areas were possible. The region of melanocytic nevus showed higher numbers of total melanocytic dendrites and similar numbers of cell bodies compared with perilesional area. In addition, the mean area and volume of cell bodies increased in the melanocytic nevus area compared with the results in the perilesional area. The 3‐D evaluation method of human epidermal melanocytes can be applied to investigate novel pathologies related to hyper‐ or hypo‐pigmentary disorders.
To investigate the influence of pregnancy on patients with neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder (NMOSD).
A total of 190 women with NMOSD were enrolled from 7 referral hospitals in 4 countries. We ...reviewed medical records and used a structured questionnaire to investigate gravidity, parity, and the number of relapses during the 2 years before pregnancy, during each trimester of pregnancy, during the first and second trimesters after delivery, and for 6 months thereafter. The annualized relapse rate (ARR) was calculated for each period.
Of the 190 women with NMOSD, 40 patients experienced 54 informative pregnancies, and all of them were seropositive for aquaporin-4 antibody. Fourteen patients developed the first symptoms of NMOSD either during the pregnancy (3 patients) or within a year after delivery or abortion (8 and 3 patients, respectively). Twenty-six patients experienced 40 pregnancies after the onset of NMOSD (26 deliveries and 14 abortions 1 spontaneous and 13 elective). There was one preterm delivery with birth defects and no stillbirths. The ARR during pregnancy did not differ from that before pregnancy, but it increased significantly during the first and second trimesters after delivery (5.3 and 3.7 times, respectively). Moreover, 77% of the deliveries were associated with postpartum relapses.
The significantly increased relapse rate and numerous cases of NMOSD onset after pregnancy suggest that delivery adversely affects the course of NMOSD. Prospective studies are needed to confirm our findings.
Purpose
To delineate the association between otolith function and changes in mean orthostatic blood pressure (BP) and heart rate (HR) in patients with postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome ...(POTS).
Methods
Forty-nine patients with POTS were prospectively recruited. We analyzed the results of ocular vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (oVEMPs) and cervical vestibular-evoked myogenic potentials (cVEMPs), as well as head-up tilt table tests using a Finometer. The oVEMP and cVEMP responses were obtained using tapping stimuli and 110 dB tone-burst sounds, respectively. We measured maximal changes in 5-s averaged systolic BP (SBP), diastolic BP (DBP), and heart rate (HR) within 15 s and during 10 min after tilting. We compared the results with those of 20 age- and sex-matched healthy participants.
Results
The n1–p1 amplitude of oVEMPs was larger in patients with POTS than in healthy participants (
p
= 0.001), whereas the n1 latency (
p
= 0.280) and interaural difference (
p
= 0.199) did not differ between the two. The n1–p1 amplitude was a positive predictor for POTS (odds ratio 1.07, 95% confidence interval 1.01–1.13,
p
= 0.025). Body weight (
p
= 0.007) and n1–p1 amplitude of oVEMP (
p
= 0.019) were positive predictors for ΔSBP
15s
in POTS, whereas aging was a negative predictor (
p
= 0.005). These findings were not observed in healthy participants.
Conclusions
Augmented utricular inputs may be associated with a relative predominance of sympathetic over vagal control of BP and HR, especially for an early response during orthostasis in patients with POTS. Overt sympathoexcitation due to exaggerated utricular input and lack of readaptation may be associated with the pathomechanism of POTS.
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