Large Area Light Detectors With MMC Readouts Kim, M. B.; Chung, J. S.; Jeon, J. A. ...
IEEE transactions on applied superconductivity,
08/2023, Letnik:
33, Številka:
5
Journal Article
Recenzirano
We present the development of the light detectors with magnetic microcalorimeter (MMC) readouts designed for the AMoRE neutrinoless double beta decay experiment. The detectors are composed of Ge or ...Si wafer as an absorber for scintillation light and an MMC detector to monitor the temperature of the wafer. Five measurements were carried out with one Ge wafer and four Si wafers prepared under various conditions. Different details of the light detector assembly have been tested to find the optimal configuration for the future AMoRE-II experiment. Direct comparisons in signal size were performed with the different wafers while considering favorable conditions for the future AMoRE setup. Moreover, a baseline resolution of 34.3 eV FWHM was obtained in a detector setup with a 2-inch Si wafer.
Objective
The purposes of this study were to isolate and characterize stem cells from inflamed pulp tissue of human functional deciduous teeth (iSHFD) and to evaluate the influence of fibroblastic ...growth factor‐2 (FGF‐2) on the regenerative potential.
Materials and methods
We successfully isolated mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from the inflamed dental pulp tissue of human deciduous teeth and demonstrated that their regenerative potential could be enhanced by the application of FGF‐2 (20 ng ml−1) during ex vivo expansion. Isolated stem cells expanded in FGF‐2 were characterized using a colony‐forming assay, proliferation, migration, in vitro differentiation, in vivo ectopic transplantation assay, and gene expression profiling.
Results
MSCs isolated from the inflamed pulp tissue of functional deciduous teeth potentially possess the qualities of those from human exfoliated deciduous teeth. FGF‐2 applied to iSHFD during expansion enhanced the colony‐forming efficiency of these cells, increased their proliferation and migration potential, and reduced their differentiation potential in vitro. However, the ectopic transplantation of iSHFD/FGF‐2 in vivo increased the formation of dentin‐like material.
Conclusion
FGF‐2 expansion of stem cells from inflamed pulp tissues of human deciduous teeth can be a good source of stem cells for future clinical applications and a novel way of using discarded inflamed tissues.
A primary goal of the Deep Blue (DB) project is to create consistent long‐term aerosol data
records, suitable for climate studies, using multiple satellite instruments. In order to continue Earth ...Observing System (EOS)‐era aerosol products into the Joint Polar Satellite System era, we have successfully ported the DB algorithm to process data from the Visible Infrared Imaging Radiometer Suite (VIIRS). Although the basic structure of the VIIRS algorithm is similar to that for the Moderate Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer (MODIS), many enhancements have been made compared to the MODIS collection 6 (C6) version. Most have also been implemented in the latest MODIS Collection 6.1 (C6.1). For example, a new smoke mask was developed based on the spectral curvature of measured reflectance to distinguish biomass burning smoke from weakly absorbing urban/industrial aerosols. Consequently, a new aerosol‐type flag was added into the VIIRS DB data set. In addition, new dust models have been developed to account for the nonsphericity of mineral dust. As a result, a discontinuity in the retrieved aerosol optical depth (AOD) of Saharan dust plumes seen in MODIS C6 products near the boundary between North Africa and the Atlantic has been much reduced. We have also evaluated the VIIRS and MODIS Terra/Aqua C6.1 AOD against Aerosol Robotic Network data. VIIRS and MODIS retrievals show similar performance; around 80% of matchups agree with Aerosol Robotic Network within the expected error of ±(0.05 + 20)%, indicating that DB can provide consistent AOD through the historical EOS and present Joint Polar Satellite System eras.
Background
In gallbladder cancer, stage T2 is subdivided by tumour location into lesions on the peritoneal side (T2a) or hepatic side (T2b). For tumours on the peritoneal side (T2a), it has been ...suggested that liver resection may be omitted without compromising the prognosis. However, data to validate this argument are lacking. This study aimed to investigate the prognostic value of tumour location in T2 gallbladder cancer, and to clarify the adequate extent of surgical resection.
Methods
Clinical data from patients who underwent surgery for gallbladder cancer were collected from 14 hospitals in Korea, Japan, Chile and the USA. Survival and risk factor analyses were conducted.
Results
Data from 937 patients were available for evaluation. The overall 5‐year disease‐free survival rate was 70·6 per cent, 74·5 per cent for those with T2a and 65·5 per cent among those with T2b tumours (P = 0·028). Regarding liver resection, extended cholecystectomy was associated with a better 5‐year disease‐free survival rate than simple cholecystectomy (73·0 versus 61·5 per cent; P = 0·012). The 5‐year disease‐free survival rate was marginally better for extended than simple cholecystectomy in both T2a (76·5 versus 66·1 per cent; P = 0·094) and T2b (68·2 versus 56·2 per cent; P = 0·084) disease. Five‐year disease‐free survival rates were similar for extended cholecystectomies including liver wedge resection versus segment IVb/V segmentectomy (74·1 versus 71·5 per cent; P = 0·720). In multivariable analysis, independent risk factors for recurrence were presence of symptoms (hazard ratio (HR) 1·52; P = 0·002), R1 resection (HR 1·96; P = 0·004) and N1/N2 status (N1: HR 3·40, P < 0·001; N2: HR 9·56, P < 0·001). Among recurrences, 70·8 per cent were metastatic.
Conclusion
Tumour location was not an independent prognostic factor in T2 gallbladder cancer. Extended cholecystectomy was marginally superior to simple cholecystectomy. A radical operation should include liver resection and adequate node dissection.
Antecedentes
En el cáncer de vesícula biliar, la ubicación del tumor subdivide el estadio T2 en tumores con invasión del lado peritoneal y del lado del hígado (T2a y T2b). Para los tumores que invaden el lado peritoneal (T2a) se sugiere que se puede obviar la resección hepática sin que ello comprometa el pronóstico. Sin embargo, este argumento no ha sido validado. El estudio tuvo como objetivo investigar el valor pronóstico de la localización del tumor en el cáncer de vesícula biliar T2 y establecer la extensión adecuada de la resección quirúrgica.
Métodos
Se recogieron los datos clínicos de pacientes que se sometieron a cirugía por cáncer de vesícula biliar en 14 hospitales de Corea, Japón, Chile y Estados Unidos. Se realizaron análisis de la supervivencia y de los factores de riesgo.
Resultados
Se dispuso de datos de 937 pacientes para ser evaluados. La tasa de supervivencia global libre de enfermedad a los 5 años fue del 70,6%, y las de T2a y T2b del 74,5% y 65,5% (P = 0,028). Con respecto a la resección hepática, la colecistectomía extendida presentó una tasa mejor de supervivencia libre de enfermedad a los 5 años que la colecistectomía simple (73,0% versus 61,5%, P = 0,012). La tasa de supervivencia libre de enfermedad a los 5 años fue marginalmente mejor para la colecistectomía extendida que para la colecistectomía simple tanto en T2a (76,5% versus 66,1%, P = 0,094) como en T2b (68,2% versus 56,2%, P = 0,084). Las tasas de supervivencia libre de enfermedad a los 5 años no fueron diferentes entre la resección hepática en cuña y la segmentectomía S4b+S5 (74,1% versus 71,5%, P = 0,720). En el análisis multivariable, los factores de riesgo independientes para la recidiva fueron la presencia de síntomas (cociente de riesgos instantáneos, hazard ratio, HR 1,52, P = 0,002), la resección R1 (HR 1,96, P = 0,004) y el estadio N1/N2 (N1 HR 3,40, P < 0,001; N2 HR 9,56, P < 0,001). El 70,8% de las recidivas eran metastásicas.
Conclusión
La localización del tumor no fue un factor pronóstico independiente en el cáncer de vesícula biliar T2. La colecistectomía extendida fue marginalmente superior que la colecistectomía simple. La cirugía radical debe incluir una resección hepática y una linfadenectomía adecuada.
This multinational multicentre cohort study was undertaken to investigate the prognostic value of tumour location in T2 gallbladder cancer and to clarify the adequate extent of surgical resection. Although tumour location influenced prognosis, it was not an independent prognostic factor in T2 gallbladder cancer. T2 gallbladder cancer requires extended cholecystectomy including hepatic resection and lymph node dissection, regardless of the location.
challenges current TNM system
Post-induction hypotension is common and associated with postoperative complications. We hypothesised that pneumatic leg compression reduces post-induction hypotension in elderly patients undergoing ...robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy. In this double-blind randomised study, patients were allocated randomly to the pneumatic leg compression group (n = 50) or control (n = 50). In the intervention group, pneumatic leg compression was initiated before induction of anaesthesia. In the control group, pneumatic leg compression was initiated 20 min after anaesthesia induction. The primary outcome was the incidence of post-induction hypotension in these groups. Post-induction hypotension was defined as systolic blood pressure < 90 mmHg during the first 20 min after induction. Haemodynamic variables and area under the curve of post-induction systolic blood pressure over time were assessed. Complications associated with pneumatic leg compression were recorded, including: peripheral neuropathy; compartment syndrome; extensive bullae beneath the leg sleeves; and pulmonary thromboembolism. The incidence of post-induction hypotension decreased in the pneumatic leg compression group compared with that in the control group; 5 (10%) vs. 29 (58%), respectively, p < 0.001. In the pneumatic leg compression group, the lowest systolic, diastolic and mean blood pressures 20 min after induction of anaesthesia were significantly greater than the control group. Pneumatic leg compression resulted in an increased area under the curve of systolic blood pressure in the first 20 min after induction, p = 0.001. There were no pneumatic leg compression-related complications. Pneumatic leg compression reduced post-induction hypotension in elderly patients undergoing robot-assisted laparoscopic prostatectomy, suggesting that it is an effective and safe intervention to prevent post-induction hypotension among elderly patients undergoing general anaesthesia.
Overview of nuclear data production system at RAON Ham, C.; Tshoo, K.; Lee, S. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section B, Beam interactions with materials and atoms,
August 2023, 2023-08-00, Letnik:
541
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Nuclear Data Production System (NDPS), a fast neutron facility for nuclear science and applications, was constructed at the Rare Isotope Accelerator complex for ON-line experiments (RAON) in Korea. ...NDPS is designed to provide both white and quasi-monoenergetic neutrons using 98 MeV deuteron and 20 – 83 MeV proton beams with thick graphite and thin lithium targets, respectively. Neutron energy is determined by employing the Time-Of-Flight (TOF) technique, along with a pulsed deuteron (or proton) beam with a repetition rate of less than 200 kHz. Fast neutrons are produced in the target room and are guided to the TOF room through a 4 m long neutron collimator consisting of iron and 5% borated polyethylene. The neutron beam is monitored using a parallel plate avalanche counter (PPAC) and a micro-mesh gaseous (MICROMEGAS) detector installed in the TOF room, so as to measure the energy and the position of neutrons.
Background
Few studies investigated the optimal timing for tracheostomy and its influence on the clinical outcomes in critically ill pediatric patients. This study evaluated the differences in ...clinical outcomes between early and late tracheostomy in pediatric intensive care unit (ICU) patients.
Methods
We assessed 111 pediatric patients. Patients who underwent a tracheostomy within 14 days of mechanical ventilation (MV) were assigned to the early tracheostomy group, whereas those who underwent tracheostomy after 14 days of MV were included in the late tracheostomy group. Clinical outcomes, including mortality, duration of MV, length of ICU and hospital stays, and incidence of ventilator‐associated pneumonia (VAP) were compared between the groups.
Results
Of the 111 pediatric patients, 61 and 50 were included in the early and late tracheostomy groups, respectively. Total MV duration and the length of ICU and hospital stay were significantly longer in the late tracheostomy group than in the early tracheostomy group (all P < 0.01). The VAP rate per 1000 ventilator days before tracheostomy was 2.6 and 3.8 in the early and late tracheostomy groups, respectively. There were no significant differences in mortality rate between the groups. No severe complications were associated with tracheostomy itself.
Conclusions
Tracheostomy performed within 14 days after the initiation of MV was associated with reduced duration of MV and length of ICU and hospital stay. Although there was no effect on mortality rate, children may benefit from early tracheostomy without severe complications.
Background The GlideScope® intubating device has been reported to provide a comparable or superior laryngoscopic view compared with direct laryngoscopy in adults. This study compared the use of the ...GlideScope® with direct laryngoscopy for the laryngoscopic view and intubation time in children. Methods The laryngoscopic view in 203 children was scored using both the Macintosh laryngoscope and the GlideScope® using Cormack and Lehane (C&L) grades. After scoring each laryngoscopic view with and without BURP, the patients were randomly allocated to two groups. The trachea was intubated using direct laryngoscopy (Group DL, n=100) or the GlideScope® (Group GS, n=103). We compared C&L grades for the two views in the same patient, and also the time to intubate for each group. Results The GlideScope® improved the view without BURP in the patients with C&L grade 2 (16/26, P<0.01) and with C&L grades 3 and 4 (7/11, P<0.05). The view with BURP was also improved by the GlideScope® in C&L grade 2 (4/9, P<0.05) and with C&L grades 3 and 4 (4/5, P=0.059). The mean time for tracheal intubation was 36.0 (17.9) s in the GS group and 23.8 (13.9) s in the DL group (P<0.001). Conclusions In children, the GlideScope® provided a laryngoscopic view equal to or better than that of direct laryngoscopy but required a longer time for intubation.
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) in body fluids are candidate diagnostics for a variety of conditions and diseases, including breast cancer. One premise for using extracellular miRNAs to diagnose disease is the ...notion that the abundance of the miRNAs in body fluids reflects their abundance in the abnormal cells causing the disease. As a result, the search for such diagnostics in body fluids has focused on miRNAs that are abundant in the cells of origin. Here we report that released miRNAs do not necessarily reflect the abundance of miRNA in the cell of origin. We find that release of miRNAs from cells into blood, milk and ductal fluids is selective and that the selection of released miRNAs may correlate with malignancy. In particular, the bulk of miR-451 and miR-1246 produced by malignant mammary epithelial cells was released, but the majority of these miRNAs produced by non-malignant mammary epithelial cells was retained. Our findings suggest the existence of a cellular selection mechanism for miRNA release and indicate that the extracellular and cellular miRNA profiles differ. This selective release of miRNAs is an important consideration for the identification of circulating miRNAs as biomarkers of disease.
Hollow TiO2 hemispheres for application in dye‐sensitized solar cells are prepared by means of rf‐sputtering onto colloidal templated substrates. After removing the organic templates by thermal ...decomposition, quasi‐ordered networks of hollow TiO2 hemispheres were formed. This approach should open up new opportunities for processing material architectures with high surface activity and effective charge transport for high performance photovoltaic and photoelectrochemical cells.
PDF
