There is a growing interest in digital healthcare to manage disease and improve medication compliance. In Korea, the health apps market continues to grow, however, little research has been done on ...their content and quality. A thorough assessment beyond the current star rating would ensure the safety and effectiveness of health apps. A systematic search was conducted in the Google Play and Apple App Store. The Korean version of the Mobile App Rating Scale (MARS) was used to access and systematically evaluate the contents of available medication management apps. Descriptions and technical information about the app were collected based on AppStore and the software company’s website. A total of 2,135 apps were identified and 39 apps were evaluated by four independent reviewers. Of the apps included, 17.9% were paid ones, at a cost between $2 and $4. The oldest was developed 11 years ago and 5 apps (12.8%) were released within the last year. The study results identified the features of apps used to manage medications, ranging from reminders to connecting to IoT devices. In addition, relationships were identified between the input variables studied, including health professionals, updates, and quality scores using MARS. The findings of this review highlight the importance of quality control with adequate features and continuous maintenance in health apps. In addition, to achieve effectiveness with good medication adherence, along with the inclusion of health professionals, close collaboration with all stakeholders in addition to the proper integration of newly updated technology is essential.
Dihydroquinolin‐2‐ones, recognized for their bioactive properties, feature a six‐membered structure with nitrogen‐containing heterocycles. A method has been developed for synthesizing enantioenriched ...3,4‐dihydroquinoline‐2‐one derivatives. This approach utilizes an asymmetric 4+2‐cyclization process, combining 2‐amino‐β‐nitrostyrenes with azlactones, and is facilitated by a bifunctional squaramide‐based organocatalyst. This process has enabled the creation of chiral 3,4‐dihydroquinoline‐2‐ones with complex structures, including chiral tetrasubstituted carbon stereocenters, delivering corresponding products in 26–95% yield with a diastereomeric ratio of 1.2:1–19:1 and 52–97 ee.
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•MBE method accurately estimates CO2 storage capacities of saline aquifers.•MBE method functions effectively under various aquifer and operating conditions.
Estimating CO2 storage ...capacities is crucial in developing carbon capture and storage projects. Material balance equation (MBE) methods, widely employed for oil and gas reserve estimation, offer a direct approach to estimating CO2 storage capacities. However, previous MBE methods rely on an original fluid in-place volume calculated using volumetric methods to estimate CO2 storage capacities, lacking validation for accuracy. It is essential to accurately estimate the original fluid in-place volume, representing the pore volume, as it substantially influences CO2 storage capacity. This study presents a refined MBE method that ensures accurate estimates of CO2 storage capacities by validating the original fluid in-place volumes in saline aquifers. The accuracy of this method was evaluated by comparing it with a commercial reservoir simulator for a synthetic aquifer example and the Sleipner L9 model. In the synthetic aquifer example, the relative error in CO2 storage capacity estimation with the proposed MBE method was only 2.09%, even when short-term (1-year) injection data were utilized. The proposed MBE method demonstrates consistent accuracy in estimating CO2 storage capacities under different aquifer properties, operating conditions, and MBE-related conditions. The proposed MBE method also accurately estimated the CO2 storage capacity in the Sleipner L9 model, achieving a relative error of 3.47%.
This paper presents strategies for standoff target tracking by a team of unmanned aircrafts using vector field. Many methods to the vector field approach were investigated in other papers, but a ...modified vector field is introduced to obtain new interesting characteristics in this paper. The modified vector field satisfies more constraints. We introduce two guidance modes to track a target: one is a capturing mode and the other one is a loitering mode. In the capturing mode, aircrafts can arrive at desired positions and time, i.e., unmanned aircrafts can capture a target simultaneously from all sides. After a target is captured, the guidance mode is changed to the loitering mode. Then the relative spacing among aircrafts is controlled by a standoff distance command and a speed command. Hence, they track a target with a desired formation.
A number of mobile health apps related to coronavirus infectious disease 2019 (COVID-19) have been developed, but research into app content analytics for effective surveillance and management is ...still in its preliminary stages. The present study aimed to identify the purpose and functions of the currently available COVID-19 apps using content analysis. The secondary aim was to propose directions for the future development of apps that aid infectious disease surveillance and control with a focus on enhancing the app content and quality. Prior to conducting an app search in the App Store and the Google Play Store, we reviewed previous studies on COVID-19 apps found in Google Scholar and PubMed to examine the main purposes of the apps. Using the five selected keywords based on the review, we searched the two app stores to retrieve eligible COVID-19 apps including those already addressed in the reviewed literature. We conducted descriptive and content analyses of the selected apps. We classified the purpose types of the COVID-19 apps into the following five categories: Information provision, tracking, monitoring, mental health management, and engagement. We identified 890 apps from the review articles and the app stores: 47 apps met the selection criteria and were included in the content analysis. Among the selected apps, iOS apps outnumbered Android apps, 27 apps were government-developed, and most of the apps were created in the United States. The most common function for the iOS apps (63.6%) and Android apps (62.5%) was to provide COVID-19-related knowledge. The most common function among the tracking apps was to notify users of contact with infected people by the iOS apps (40.9%) and Android apps (37.5%). About 29.5% of the iOS apps and 25.0% of the Android apps were used to record symptoms and self-diagnose. Significantly fewer apps targeted mental health management and engagement. Six iOS apps (6/44, 13.6%) and four Android apps (4/24, 16.7%) provided behavioral guidelines about the pandemic. Two iOS apps (2/44, 4.5%) and two Android apps (2/24, 8.3%) featured communication functions. The present content analysis revealed that most of the apps provided unilateral information and contact tracing or location tracking. Several apps malfunctioned. Future research and development of COVID-19 apps or apps for other emerging infectious diseases should address the quality and functional improvements, which should begin with continuous monitoring and actions to mitigate any technical errors.
A vision-based terrain referenced navigation (TRN) system is addressed for autonomous navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs). A typical TRN algorithm blends inertial navigation data with ...measured terrain information to estimate vehicle’s position. In this paper, however, we replace the low-cost inertial navigation system (INS) with a monocular vision system. The homography decomposition algorithm is utilized to estimates the relative translational motion using features on the ground with simple assumptions. A numerical integration point-mass filter based on Bayesian estimation is employed to combine the translation information obtained from the vision system with the measured terrain height. Numerical simulations are constructed to evaluate the performance of the proposed method. The results show that the precise autonomous navigation of unmanned aircrafts is achieved by the vision-based TRN algorithm.
Liquid surge refers to an excessive liquid inflow to a slug catcher or a separator and is one of the main issues in flow assurance. The wellhead choke valves of gas wells must be adjusted to maintain ...the target flow rate as the reservoir pressure drops. The wellhead choke opening can be determined by conducting multiphase pipeline transient flow simulations to achieve the target flow rate and avoid liquid surges. However, it is not financially and computationally practical to conduct many multiphase transient pipeline flow simulations simultaneously for hundreds of wells. We found that flow rates and maximum liquid surge volumes for gas wells can be predicted accurately using simple machine learning models when the wellhead choke valve is adjusted. The machine learning models provided accurate predictions (R2 > 0.99) regarding flow rates and maximum liquid surge volumes for different wellhead pressure drop plans, vertical and horizontal well lengths, and current operating conditions in cases involving two real fields, the Horn River Basin (HRB) and Rakhine Basin field. The wellhead operating conditions that are appropriate for achieving the target flow rate and avoiding liquid surges can be efficiently determined using the machine learning models instead of multiphase transient pipeline flow simulators. The proposed approach also accurately estimated downhole pressures that are necessary to evaluate reservoir performances given wellhead pressures and flow rates. Lastly, we presented what features are dominant in predicting liquid surge volumes, flow rates, and downhole pressures in feature importance analyses.
•Liquid surge volumes, flow rates, and downhole pressures can be accurately predicted using simple machine learning models.•The machine learning models work properly for different wellhead pressure drop plans, well lengths, and operating conditions.•Operating conditions can be efficiently sought to achieve a target rate and avoid liquid surges using the proposed approach.
A vision-only navigation system is addressed for autonomous navigation of unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs) with monocular camera as the only sensor. Typical vision-based navigation algorithms blend ...inertial navigation data with vision measurements and other available information to estimate vehicle's position. In this paper, however, we propose an approach that replaces the high-cost inertial navigation system by a translational motion estimate obtained by the camera. This method shares a concept of terrain referenced navigation (TRN) in that the height measurements by camera are compared to terrain data to construct an observation model. The particle filter based on Bayesian tracking is employed to combine the translation estimate and measured heights of feature points which contain unknown correlation. Numerical simulations are conducted to verify the feasibility of the proposed method.
Virginia Woolf`s last two novels, The Years and Between the Acts, show both her conceptualization of history and her experimental writing to narrativize history in the novelistic discourse. The Years ...traces in a form of a family saga social changes from 1880 to the present day, portraying the collapse of the Edwardian social order and concerning the rise of Fascism in the 1930s. Set on a mid June day in 1939, Between the Act stages in the form of village pageant, the play within the novel, the history of England from the primeval times through the various eras of English civilization to the present year. Intense and pervasive as the sense of the present is, the two novels are saturated with allusions to the past. While some critics such as James Naremore and Alex Zwerdling read the two novels as Woolf`s aesthetic affirmation of the past in face of the present marked with the sense of historical decay, Susan Squire and Melba Cuddy-Keane emphasize the possibility of the new social order and a new concept of English community that the two novels envision. Considering the fact that Woolf`s The Years and Between the Acts embrace all at one the sense of despair and hope, melancholy and blessing on the course of history, this paper proposes to read the two novels not as either mourning or celebrating historical process but as problematizing the nature of fiction and history. Woolf questions the referentiallity of language and representation, deliberately disrupting the traditional modes of narrative. If The Years shows Woolf`s complex comprehension of historical process with its multiplicity and its inconclusiveness with all its temporal movement, Between the Acts plays on the slippage between the double temporality of history-the narrative and the performative.
Background: Many nursing university students were stressed during clinical practice. The purpose of this study was to identify the difference between stress of clinical practice and mental health ...according to behavioral styles in nursing university students.
Methods: The participants of this study were 233 junior and senior nursing students who had experienced clinical practice. Data were collected by self-report questionnaires in online from November 2017 to March 2018. Collected data were analyzed with SPSS/WIN 25.0 using descriptive statistics, t-test, ANOVA, Pearson correlation coefficients.
Results: The most frequent DISC behavior style of the subjects was conscientiousness (43.8%), follewed by steadiness (19.7%), influence (18.9%), and dominance (17.6%). The participants’scores for stress of clinical practice and mental health were 3.35±0.55 and 1.13±0.65. The stress of clinical practice of the subjects was different according to DISC behavior styles(F=2.86, p=.038). The results show that the higher the score of stress of clinical practice was the higher the score of mental health(r=.51, p<.001).
Conclusion: This study found that the difference of DISC behavioral styles can be attributed to stress of clinical practice. Therefore, nursing intervention program considering with the subjects’DISC behavior styles needs to be developed to reduce their stress of clinical practice.
