Nonmedical prescription drug (NMPD) use is a significant public health issue among Hispanic youths. Limited information on risk and protective factors for NMPD use among Hispanic youths is known. The ...present study examined use rates and identified factors that increase and decrease odds for use. In so doing, prevention and intervention efforts can be enhanced. A total of 946 Hispanic youths in seventh through twelfth grade participated in this study. Participants completed the PRIDE questionnaire assessing substance abuse involvement. Overall, study findings indicated that 16.4% of youths used NMPDs in their lifetime. Involvement in risky behavior increased odds for use whereas having high levels of parent protective factors and teacher/school protective factors decreased the odds for use. Peer use of alcohol, tobacco, and marijuana also increased the odds of NMPD use. Findings indicate NMPD use is problematic for Hispanic youths. Professionals working with Hispanic youths may benefit from study findings as risk and protective factors are identified that may prevent NMPD use.
Parenting is a critical factor in substance abuse prevention. Positive parenting behaviors are identified as a protective factor for substance abuse among youth. Limited research exists that ...investigates the role of parenting practices on minority youth substance use. The present study seeks to examine correlates between parenting and recent alcohol use among African American youth. Specifically, to what extent do African American students report experiencing specific parenting behaviors that are measured by the National Household Survey on Drug Use and Health?, do specific parenting behaviors increase the risk of recent alcohol use among African American youth?, does the impact of parenting behaviors on recent alcohol use among African American youth differ based on sex (males and females) and age category (12–13, 14–15, and 16–17 years old) were examined in this study? Logistic regression analysis of the National Household Survey on Drug Use and Health was conducted to examine the research questions. Findings indicated that parenting behaviors was associated with recent alcohol among youth. Significant differences were found for males, females, 12–13, 14–15, and 16–17 years olds. Study findings demonstrate the importance of positive parenting behaviors in youth alcohol prevention. Program specialists may target parenting as a means of preventing and reducing youth alcohol use among African American youth.
The Hispanic population is the fastest growing minority population in the United States. A growing body of literature suggests Hispanic individuals are at increased risk for substance use disorders. ...While much of the literature has focused on Hispanic heterosexual individuals, a paucity of literature has focused on Hispanic transgender individuals. More research is warranted on the prevalence and correlates to substance use among Hispanic sexual minorities, in particular Hispanic transgender individuals. The present study sought to examine correlates to lifetime illicit substance use among a national sample of transgender individuals. A secondary analysis of the 2015 Transgender Survey was conducted among 1,473 Hispanic transgender individuals. Weighted analyses reveal that 29% of Hispanic transgender individuals reported lifetime illicit substance use. Significant predictors included age and prior lifetime substance use. Recommendations for health professionals and policy analysts are included.
Stigma is recognized as a potential barrier to seeking help for a mental health disorder. The present study assessed college students' perceived benefits and barriers to obtaining mental health ...treatment and stigma-related attitudes via a four-page survey. A total of 682 students at one Midwestern university participated in the study. Findings indicated that females perceived a greater number of benefits to having participated in mental health services and held significantly lower stigma-related attitudes than did males. Students who had ever received mental health services reported significantly more barriers to treatment than did students who had never received services. Health professionals should target students with educational programs about positive outcomes related to receiving mental health services and work with treatment centers to reduce barriers for receiving services.
While a disproportionately large percentage of sexual minorities engage in illicit drug use, little research has specifically examined factors related to cocaine use among bisexual men and women. The ...present study sought to identify the potential association between affective/emotive states and previous substance use and lifetime cocaine use among a national sample of bisexual men and women. A secondary analysis of the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health was conducted among 1,989 adults aged older than 18 years in the United States who identified as bisexual. One in five (20.5%) reported lifetime cocaine use. Significant factors included age, previous use of illicit substances, and feeling low/tired nearly every day. Feeling worthless was associated with a lower likelihood of lifetime cocaine use. Recommendations (e.g., focus groups, behavioral maintenance programs) for health professionals aimed at reducing substance abuse rates among sexual minority individuals are highlighted.
The study purpose is to address the underutilization of mental health services among Hispanic youth. This article provides professionals with strategies to increase health services utilization by ...utilizing a framework of the levels of prevention model, with an emphasis on primary prevention. The following questions were explored: (1) What are primary prevention strategies that can assist school professionals? (2) What are secondary prevention strategies and tertiary prevention strategies school professionals can employ to increase the utilization of health services? Implementing primary, secondary, and tertiary prevention strategies may improve Hispanic youth’s overall mental health, academic achievement, and quality of life.
With the ever-increasing popularity in social media use among college students, research is needed to more fully understand the specific content and messaging utilized in specific social media ...platforms. The purpose of this study was to examine the depiction of sexuality on a Snapchat account aimed at university students. Over a 3-month period, a total of 394 screenshots (“snaps”) involving sexuality were collected and analyzed. Of these snaps, 86.6% displayed a female(s) only, 13.4% displayed a male(s) and female(s), 34.1% showed the individual’s face, 78.0% were considered to be a selfie (‘consensual’), and 22.0% were considered to be photographed by another person and deemed nonconsensual. Results also indicated that 40.1% contained individuals who were nude. The top two most frequently displayed body parts were breasts (36.4%) and buttocks (25.5%). Concerns exist regarding the potential erroneous messaging that is not congruent with social norms surrounding sexuality among the majority of university students. Such information could potentially assist health educators and campus health professionals in ensuring that accurate messages regarding social norms are being received by university students.
Violent victimization and school safety continues to be a major health concern in the United States. This study examines whether there is an association between school violent victimization and ...perceived school safety among youth. The PRIDE Questionnaire for 6th-through 12th-grade students, which assesses violent victimization and perceived school safety, was completed voluntarily by students (N = 54,938) in a large Midwestern city. Results indicated that a sizeable percentage of youth felt unsafe at school. Perceived school safety differed based on gender, grade, and race. Students experiencing violent victimization reported lower levels of school safety than their counterparts did. Such findings have important implications for school health professionals and prevention specialists interested in protecting youth from violent victimization and enhancing student safety at school.
Blunt use is a pressing public health problem in the United States. While most studies have focused on African American youth, there remains a paucity of research examining blunt use among Hispanic ...individuals. Previous findings, which are quite limited, suggest mixed results, thus warranting further investigation regarding the prevalence of blunt use among Hispanic individuals and factors associated with such use. In accord with Jessor’s problem behavior theory, we hypothesized that prior use of illicit substances and certain psychosocial risk factors pose an increased risk for blunt use among Hispanic adults. A secondary analysis examined prior substance use and psychosocial factors of 10,216 Hispanic lifetime blunt users participating in the 2017 National Survey on Drug Use and Health. Findings revealed that one in five (20.5%) Hispanic individuals reported lifetime blunt use. Significant risk factors associated with blunt use were age (18+ years or older), participation in a government assistance program, prior illicit substance use, and changes in appetite or weight. Additional research on other risk factors, prevention mechanisms, and treatment interventions for Hispanic individuals who use blunts is warranted.
Disordered eating and job stress among nurses KING, KEITH A.; VIDOUREK, REBECCA; SCHWIEBERT, MICHELLE
Journal of nursing management,
11/2009, Letnik:
17, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Aim The purpose of this study was to examine disordered eating behaviours among nurses in the state of Ohio.
Background Individuals involved in disordered eating tend to report more frequent and ...higher levels of perceived stress than their counterparts. As nurses regularly perform stressful roles and responsibilities within a high‐stress environment, this group may be at elevated risk of disordered eating.
Method A 65‐item survey was mailed to a random sample of 1000 nurses in the state of Ohio.
Results A total of 435 nurses (47%) returned completed surveys. Most (93%) were registered nurses (RNs) and 87% were over 31 years old. Results indicated that disordered eating differed significantly based on perceived job stress and perceived body satisfaction. Nurses with high levels of perceived job stress and low levels of body satisfaction had higher disordered eating involvement.
Conclusions Nurses reporting high levels of job stress are at increased risk of disordered eating behaviours. Recommendations for future research are offered.
Implications for nursing management Employee wellness programmes should be developed that educate and support nurses to make healthy lifestyle choices.
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