The \(3 \times 1 \times 1\) m\(^3\) demonstrator is a dual phase liquid argon time projection chamber that has recorded cosmic rays events in 2017 at CERN. The light signal in these detectors is ...crucial to provide precise timing capabilities. The performances of the photon detection system, composed of five PMTs, are discussed. The collected scintillation and electroluminescence light created by passing particles has been studied in various detector conditions. In particular, the scintillation light production and propagation processes have been analyzed and compared to simulations, improving the understanding of some liquid argon properties.
The goal of the study is to understand how the curing characteristics of a human bone cement (HBC) and veterinary bone cement (VBC) influence the mechanical behavior of each cement and cement bonding ...with an implant. This study hypothesizes that the curing temperature and time influence the mechanical properties of the cement adjacent to the implant, which resulted in the variability in bonding strength between the implant and cement. To test this hypothesis, this study measured the exothermic temperature, flexural strength, hardness, and morphology of a HBC and VBC at different curing times. In addition, this study measured shear strength at the interfaces of implant/HBC and implant/VBC samples during static and stepwise cyclic tests at different curing times. This study used Stryker Simplex P and BioMedtrix 3 poly methyl methacrylate (PMMA) as an HBC and VBC, respectively. This study cured HBC and VBC cement for 30 and 60 min and then conducted flexural, hardness, and interface fracture tests to evaluate the curing effect on mechanical behavior of each of the cements. This study found that the curing time significantly increases the values of flexure and hardness properties of each cement and shear strength of implant/HBC and implant/VBC (
< 0.05). This study observed a difference of curing time and temperature between HBC and VBC. This study also observed a significant difference of surface porosity at the interface of implant/HBC and implant/VBC interfaces. The variability of mechanical properties between HBC and VBC due to the differences of curing conditions may influence the bonding of cement with the implant.
Obesity is a primary factor of lifestyle-related diseases, and the age of its onset has decreased. The reactive oxygen species (ROS), the superoxide anion, is generated in the mitochondrial electron ...transport chain and the damage it induces in cells may be a contributing factor to obesity-related lifestyle diseases. In the present study, the influence of the ingestion of a high-fat diet (HFD) on superoxide anion generation in rat liver mitochondria (Mt) and membrane fluidity was investigated.
Male Wistar rats were fed a normal diet (ND,
= 6) or HFD (
= 6). Liver Mt were isolated and oxygen consumption, superoxide anion production (the adrenaline method), and membrane fluidity (the spin label method) were measured.
After 11 weeks, body weights and abdominal circumferences were higher in the HFD group than in the ND group. Mt oxygen consumption was higher in the HFD group than in the ND group. Superoxide anion production was significantly lower in the HFD group than in the ND group, while no significant changes were observed in membrane fluidity.
Although rats developed diet-induced obesity, it did not reach the level of disease development. The promotion of lipid metabolism appeared to reduce superoxide anion production, but did not influence membrane fluidity. While superoxide anion damages cells as an oxidative stress, ROS and superoxide dismutase are essential signaling molecules in the body. The present results suggest that the continuous ingestion of a HFD impairs Mt and induces disease development.
Background and Aims: Due to the contradictory results of previous research and the lack of a specific study to address the effective nursing interventions in the early diagnosis of cancer, the ...purpose of this study was to determine the effect of nursing interventions on early diagnosis of cancer. Methods: This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted during the last 5 years from 2015 to September 30, 2020. The articles related to the nursing interventions to early diagnosis of cancer were achieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI, Scopus databases, and Google and Google Scholar search engines. Risk-ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) between the intervention and control groups was determined using the fixed-effect model, and the Mantel-Haenszel method and I2 showed the heterogeneity of studies. Stata V16 software was used for meta-analysis. Results: The effect of an intervention on early diagnosis of breast cancer was evaluated using mammography, clinical breast examination, and breast self-exam. A total of 300 individuals participated in the study. RR results in the intervention group showed the effectiveness of nursing interventions on breast cancer detected early in both the mammography and colonoscopy (RR, 1.18 95% CI 0.57, 1.79. P =0.00 and RR, 0.58, 95% CI 0.42, 0.75, P = 0.00, respectively). Conclusion: A variety of nursing interventions including education, consultation, patient guidance, and reminders can have a positive impact on the early detection of cancers.
Due to the contradictory results of previous research and the lack of a specific study to address the effective nursing interventions in the early diagnosis of cancer, the purpose of this study was ...to determine the effect of nursing interventions on early diagnosis of cancer.
This systematic review and meta-analysis were conducted during the last 5 years from 2015 to September 30, 2020. The articles related to the nursing interventions to early diagnosis of cancer were achieved from PubMed, Cochrane Library, Embase, ISI, Scopus databases, and Google and Google Scholar search engines. Risk-ratio with a 95% confidence interval (CI) between the intervention and control groups was determined using the fixed-effect model, and the Mantel-Haenszel method and I2 showed the heterogeneity of studies. Stata V16 software was used for meta-analysis.
The effect of an intervention on early diagnosis of breast cancer was evaluated using mammography, clinical breast examination, and breast self-exam. A total of 300 individuals participated in the study. RR results in the intervention group showed the effectiveness of nursing interventions on breast cancer detected early in both the mammography and colonoscopy (RR, 1.18 95% CI 0.57, 1.79.
=0.00 and RR, 0.58, 95% CI 0.42, 0.75,
= 0.00, respectively).
A variety of nursing interventions including education, consultation, patient guidance, and reminders can have a positive impact on the early detection of cancers.
To elucidate the molecular mechanisms of the blood-retinal barrier (BRB), we examined chick retinal tissues histochemically using antibodies against tight junction proteins such as ZO-1, 7H6 antigen, ...and occludin. Retinal pigment epithelial (RPE) cells in situ in chickens and late chick embryos expressed all of the tight junctional proteins examined, showing that tight junctions seal the cell borders of chick RPE cells in vivo. On the other hand, RPE cells isolated from late chick embryos and transferred in vitro did not express occludin, ZO-1 and 7H6 antigen. The effects of differentiation-inducing agents, such as retinoic acid, dexamethasone and dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO) were tested. Only DMSO induced an increase in transepithelial electrical resistance (TER) in a time-dependent manner. Under supplementation with DMSO, immunofluorescently demonstrable occludin and ZO-1 were induced progressively at cell borders in parallel with the increase in TER that occurred with decreases in inulin and dextran permeability. Electron microscopically tight junction-like junctional apparatus were induced in RPE cells. These results indicated that tight junctions of RPE cells play an important role in the formation of the BRB.
The distribution and accumulation of visual pigments, i.e., rod pigment, rhodopsin and red sensitive cone pigment, iodopsin, and transducin in the retina of chicken and chicken embryo were ...investigated immunohistochemically using their specific antibodies. The immunoreactivities of these proteins appeared at the early stage of photoreceptor differentiation (embryonal day 15) and increased in the photoreceptor cells appeared to reach maximum at the end of the embryonal period (embryonal day 20). On the other hand, although the immunoreactivity of βγ subunit of transducin (Tβγ) was detected at embryonal day 15, the expression level of Tβγ still remained in low level during the embryonal period. These observations suggest that both Tβγ and visual pigments are expressed during the embryonic period in chicken photoreceptor cells, but their accumulations in the cells are different.
We compared the distribution of retinal breaks in retinal detachment between patients with atopic dermatitis (AD) and mentally retarded patients who had self-inflicted ocular injury (MR). The cases ...of AD were 16 eyes in 14 patients (six males and eight females, ranging in age from 15 to 52 years, mean 24.5) and the cases of MR were 6 eyes in 5 patients (5 males, ranging in age from 14 to 25 years, mean 20.2). There was no corneoscleral laceration in either group. In the patients with AD, 14 (87.5%) of 16 eyes had retinal breaks at the vitreous base, and 21 (87.5%) of 24 retinal breaks in 16 eyes were at the vitreous base. In the patients with MR, five (83.3%) of 6 eyes had retinal breaks at the vitreous base and 6(66.7%) of 9 retinal breaks in 6 eyes were at the vitreous base. In both groups, ciliary epithelial breaks and peripheral retinal tears were frequently observed, suggesting that retinal detachment in AD has a pathophysiology similar to traumatic retinal detachment with repeated ocular contusion (self-inflicted injury).
The probability of a linkage with assigned tightness between one of the markers and a locus was evaluated in some species of livestock and laboratory animals. The locus was assumed to control a ...trait. The tightness of the linkage was arbitrarily assignable as the physical distance; d, between the nearest marker and a locus in the evaluation. When d was relatively small; up to 1-2% of total autosomal genome size, the probability of a linkage; Pr(D
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