The creation and development of computer systems for experimental data processing and for data storage and analysis, of search algorithms, and of means for providing access to data are crucial for ...megascience projects. Information and computing infrastructures necessary for carrying out research tasks of megascience projects are complex distributed heterogeneous systems including systems of extra-massive parallelism and systems of distributed storage of big data arrays.
The important task in creating a computing infrastructure of any large experiment is predictive modelling of data storage and processing centers. A software complex is developed at the Meshcheryakov ...Laboratory of Information Technologies, which allows simulating processes of data handling to find out both how the data storage and processing infrastructure will work with the available computing resources, and to estimate the load on computing components and communication links with the specified parameters of data flows and jobs. The article presents results of the work on modelling the computer infrastructure for data processing of the BM@N experiment at NICA. The main goal is the assessment of the current and future resource requirements for the data storing and processing. The results of the modeling the distributed computing infrastructure for the BM@N experiment, according to the available allocated resources for the autumn run in 2022, are presented. The prospects for the development of the software simulation complex are formulated.
Wet high-energy milling and uniaxial pressing are used to fabricate CaO-stabilized tetragonal zirconia polycrystalline ceramic (Ca-TZP) with decent mechanical characteristics, i.e., a hardness of ...11.5 GPa, Young’s modulus of 230 GPa, and fracture toughness of 13 MPa·m0.5. The effect of CaO concentration and the sintering temperature on phase composition and mechanical characteristics of CaO-stabilized zirconia ceramic made of baddeleyite is investigated.
Metal transport from the cytosol to the vacuole is thought to be an important component of ion tolerance and of a plant's potential for use in phytoremediation. The Arabidopsis antiporter CAX2 ...(calcium exchanger 2) may be a key mediator of this process. CAX2 expression in yeast suppressed both Ca2+ and Mn2+ growth defects. A peptide-specific antibody to the antiporter reacted with a 39-kD protein from plant vacuolar membranes. Tobacco (Nicotiana tabacum) plants expressing CAX2 accumulated more Ca2+, Cd2+, and Mn2+ and were more tolerant to elevated Mn2+ levels. Expression of CAX2 in tobacco increased Cd2+ and Mn2+ transport in isolated root tonoplast vesicles. These results suggest that CAX2 has a broad substrate range and modulation of this transporter may be an important component of future strategies to improve plant ion tolerance.
Zirconia nanofiber mats containing filaments with the average diameter of less than 100 nm were fabricated. It is found that the hardness and Young’s modulus of the mats are sensitive to the ...microstructure, phase composition and average diameter of the zirconia nanofibers. The hardness and Young’s modulus of the prepared zirconia nanofiber mats vary from 0.86 to 1.67 MPa and from 133 to 362 MPa, respectively, wherein an increase in hardness is accompanied by the rise in Young’s modulus.
Wood as a material is a natural composite with a complex hierarchically arranged structure. All scale levels of wood structure contribute to its macroscopic mechanical properties. The nature of such ...characteristics and deformation modes differs radically at different scale levels. Wood macroscopic properties are well studied, and the relevant information can be easily found in the literature. However, the knowledge of the deformation mechanisms at the mesoscopic level corresponding to the cellular structure of early and late wood layers of annual growth rings is insufficient. It hinders building the comprehensive multiscale model of how wood mechanical properties are formed. This paper described the results of scanning of mechanical properties of softwood and hardwood samples, such as common pine, small-leaf lime, and pedunculate oak, by means of nanoindentation (NI). The NI technique allows varying the size of deformed region within a wide range by altering maximal load (Pmax) applied to the indenter so that one can repeatedly and non-destructively test wood structural components at different scale levels on the same sample without changing the technique or equipment. It was discovered that the effective microhardness (Heff) and Young's modulus (Eeff) decreased manifold with Pmax growing from 0.2 to 2 000 mN. This drop in Heff was observed when the locally deformed region grew, and resulting from Pmax increase generally follows the rule similar to the Hall-Petch relation for yield stress, strength, and hardness initially established for metals and alloys, though obviously in those cases the underlying internal mechanisms are quite different. The nature and micromechanisms of such size effect (SE) in wood revealed using NI were discussed in this study. At Pmax < 0.2 mN, the deformed area under the pyramidal Berckovich indenter was much smaller than the cell wall width. Hence, in this case, NI measured the internal mechanical properties of the cell wall material as long as free boundaries impact could be neglected. At Pmax > 200 mN, the indentation encompassed several cells. The measured mechanical properties were significantly affected by bending deformation and buckling collapse of cell walls, reducing Heff and Eeff substantially. At Pmax ≈ 1–100 mN, an indenter interacted with different elements of the cell structure and capillary network, resulting in intermediate values of Heff and Eeff. Abrupt changes in Heff and Eeff at annual growth ring boundaries allow accurate measuring of rings width, while smoother and less pronounced changes within the rings allow identification of earlywood and latewood layers as well as any finer changes during vegetation season. The values of ring width measured using NI and standard optical method coincide with 2%−3% accuracy. The approaches and results presented in this study could improve the understanding of nature and mechanisms lying behind the micromechanical properties of wood, help to optimize the technologies of wood farming, subsequent reinforcement, and utilization, as well as to develop new highly informative techniques in dendrochronology and dendroclimatology.
Modern scientific projects generate a huge amount of data that needs to be stored, processed and analyzed. It is often impossible to solve such tasks within a single data center. Therefore, it is ...necessary to prepare a distributed infrastructure consisting of hardware, specialized software and communication channels. One of the important preliminary steps in building such an infrastructure is to study existing solutions and select a suitable model for distributed data storage, processing, and analysis. Building a distributed infrastructure requires software capable of solving tasks such as authentication and authorization, the creation of an information system, monitoring tools, the management of computing tasks, data storage and transfer. In this paper, a study of existing solutions was carried out and a particular model was selected for creating a CERN-JINR-INP-KazNU data center, which will be further integrated into a distributed infrastructure.
The aim of this study was to investigate the healing process of experimental defects of the femoral shaft diaphysis of rats after implantation of osteoplastic material Collapan into its cavity. In ...experi-mental animals, a perforated defect with diameter of 2.5 mm was created in the medullary canal of the femoral shaft and filled with osteoplastic material Collapan. In control rats, the defect was left un-filled. The bone fragments were examined on the 15th and 30th day by light microscopy morphometry and scanning electron microscopy. It was found that application of osteoplastic material Collapan in the femoral diaphysis defect optimised reparative osteogenesis, showed high biocompatibility, osteo-conductive properties, resorption ability and good integration with tissue-specific structures of the regenerate
The article describes the software-algorithmic platform for intelligent control (using the example of quantum self-organizing controllers in the control circuit) for the hardware of the current ...layout of remote control of the cooling process of a superconducting magnet with guaranteed achievement of a stable superconductivity zone. At the same time, optimal control quality parameters are provided, such as temperature, nitrogen consumption, speed, required pressure level and minimal complexity of control implementation. The current layout of a remote control system with built-in self-organizing quantum controllers is described. In the article, the selected structure of the intelligent control system is considered and justified by the example of nitrogen consumption, the operability and efficiency of the developed intelligent control system based on quantum soft computing technologies is experimentally demonstrated. The work was carried out within the interlaboratory project of MLIT and VBLHEP of JINR.
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