The HL-LHC interaction region magnet triplets (Q1, Q2, and Q3) will be composed of superconducting Nb 3 Sn quadrupoles. The MQXF quadrupole protection system is based on CLIQ (Coupling-Loss Induced ...Quench system) and outer layer quench heaters. This paper reports a summary of quench heaters to coil high voltage tests performed on MQXF short and long coils in air after fabrication, and in air and He gas after magnet training. Breakdown voltage values demonstrate good margin with respect to the Electrical design criteria for the HL-LHC inner triplet magnets. A modification in the quench heater installation- with an extra layer of fiber glass between the coil and the quench heater trace- has been proposed and tested in a mirror magnet to further increase electrical margins. Results demonstrated improvements of high voltage margin at the expense of a clear increase of hot spot temperature. The baseline heater to coil insulation was assessed to be able to guarantee safe operation for the Nb 3 Sn quadrupole magnets for the interaction regions of HL-LHC.
The development of Nb3Sn quadrupole magnets for the High-Luminosity LHC upgrade is a joint venture between the US LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) * and CERN with the goal of fabricating large ...aperture quadrupoles for the LHC interaction regions (IR). The inner triplet (low-β) NbTi quadrupoles in the IR will be replaced by the stronger Nb3Sn magnets boosting the LHC program of having 10-fold increase in integrated luminosity after the foreseen upgrades. Previously, LARP conducted successful tests of short and long models with up to 120 mm aperture. The first short 150 mm aperture quadrupole model MQXFS1 was assembled with coils fabricated by both CERN and LARP. The magnet demonstrated a strong performance at Fermilab's vertical magnet test facility reaching the LHC operating limits. This paper reports the latest results from MQXFS1 tests with changed prestress levels. The overall magnet performance, including quench training and memory, ramp rate, and temperature dependence, is also summarized.
Abstrak
Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan peningkatan pemahaman konsep dan efektivitas penggunaan model Joyful learning dengan memperhatikan domain soal. Penelitian ini merupakan ...penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain kuasi eksperimental. Sampel penelitian yaitu kelas VIII D menggunakan model joyful learning, dan kelas VIII E menggunakan model konvensional, yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pemahaman menggunakan tes tertulis, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji independent sample t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model Joyful learning dengan memperhatikan domain soal mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dan lebih efektif dibanding dengan model konvensional terhadap pemahaman konsep. Model pembelajaran Joyful learning terbukti efektif dengan nilai sig 0,04 < 0,05 (taraf signifikan 0,05). Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Joyful learning lebih efektif dibanding model pembelajaran konvensional.
Kata Kunci: IPA, Joyful Learning, pemahaman konsep.
EFFECTIVENESS OF JOYFUL LEARNING MODEL IN IMPROVING CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BY NOTING DOMAIN PROBLEM
Abstract
The aims of this study are to determine the difference in understanding of the concept and effectiveness of the use of Joyful learning model by taking into account the Noting Domain Problem. This research is a quantitative research with an quasi experimental design. The sample of this research is class VIII D which implement joyful learning model, and class VIII E which implement the conventional model, which is chosen by purposive sampling. Techniques that use for collecting understanding data are written test, observation, and documentation technique. The hypothesis tested with independent sample t test. The results showed that the use of Joyful learning model with attention to domain problems experienced show a significant increase and more effective than the conventional model of conceptual understanding. Joyful learning model effective approve of 0,04 < 0,05 (significant level 0.05) concluded that Joyful learning model is more effective than conventional learning model.
Keywords: IPA, Joyful Learning, conceptual understanding.
The U.S. LHC Accelerator Research Program (LARP) and CERN combined their efforts in developing Nb3Sn magnets for the high-luminosity LHC upgrade. The ultimate goal of this collaboration is to ...fabricate large aperture Nb 3 Sn quadrupoles for the LHC interaction regions. These magnets will replace the present 70-mm-aperture NbTi quadrupole triplets for expected increase of the LHC peak luminosity up to 5 × 10 34 cm -2 s -1 or more. Over the past decade, LARP successfully fabricated and tested short and long models of 90 and 120-mm-aperture Nb3Sn quadrupoles. Recently, the first short model of 150-mm-diameter quadrupole MQXFS was built with coils fabricated both by LARP and CERN. The magnet performance was tested at Fermilab's vertical magnet test facility. This paper reports the test results, including the quench training at 1.9 K, ramp rate and temperature dependence, as well as protection heater studies.
Abstrak Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perbedaan peningkatan pemahaman konsep dan efektivitas penggunaan model Joyful learning dengan memperhatikan domain soal. Penelitian ini merupakan ...penelitian kuantitatif menggunakan desain kuasi eksperimental. Sampel penelitian yaitu kelas VIII D menggunakan model joyful learning, dan kelas VIII E menggunakan model konvensional, yang dipilih secara purposive sampling. Teknik pengumpulan data pemahaman menggunakan tes tertulis, observasi, dan dokumentasi. Uji hipotesis menggunakan uji independent sample t test. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa penggunaan model Joyful learning dengan memperhatikan domain soal mengalami peningkatan yang signifikan dan lebih efektif dibanding dengan model konvensional terhadap pemahaman konsep. Model pembelajaran Joyful learning terbukti efektif dengan nilai sig 0,04 < 0,05 (taraf signifikan 0,05). Jadi dapat disimpulkan bahwa model Joyful learning lebih efektif dibanding model pembelajaran konvensional. Kata Kunci: IPA, Joyful Learning, pemahaman konsep. EFFECTIVENESS OF JOYFUL LEARNING MODEL IN IMPROVING CONCEPTUAL UNDERSTANDING OF JUNIOR HIGH SCHOOL STUDENTS BY NOTING DOMAIN PROBLEM Abstract The aims of this study are to determine the difference in understanding of the concept and effectiveness of the use of Joyful learning model by taking into account the Noting Domain Problem. This research is a quantitative research with an quasi experimental design. The sample of this research is class VIII D which implement joyful learning model, and class VIII E which implement the conventional model, which is chosen by purposive sampling. Techniques that use for collecting understanding data are written test, observation, and documentation technique. The hypothesis tested with independent sample t test. The results showed that the use of Joyful learning model with attention to domain problems experienced show a significant increase and more effective than the conventional model of conceptual understanding. Joyful learning model effective approve of 0,04 < 0,05 (significant level 0.05) concluded that Joyful learning model is more effective than conventional learning model. Keywords: IPA, Joyful Learning, conceptual understanding.
As superconducting magnet technology is pushed towards higher performance, energy density and total stored energy follow exponentially. Protecting magnets becomes substantially more challenging with ...traditional methods being stretched to their limits. New technologies such as CLIQ (Coupling Loss Induced Quench) promise to provide a robust method to protect advanced magnets, however they become inductance limited in large magnet strings or at low field, leading to more complex configurations. A technique to substantially reduce this limitation and improve response time is presented, by winding coils in a bifilar fashion and connecting them in series for typical operation, while providing an anti-parallel connection for quasi-zero-inductance in a protection case. This allows for extremely high di/dt. The concept is then demonstrated on a small REBCO coil.
The study reported on in this article shows that the -ing participial adjuncts are used differently by native speakers of English depending on the genre they occur in. A comparison of data from ...written re-narrations of a film with the data from argumentative essays shows that these constructions are more frequent in narrative texts. The -ing participial adjuncts are typically used to express temporal succession (e.g. Anteriority) in narrative texts, whereas Means is the most frequent function of these constructions in argumentative essays. The native speaker data is then compared to that of Norwegian learners of English. The non-native-like patterns in the L2 data are attributed to L1 transfer and lack of knowledge about the genre-specific uses of the -ing clauses.
To determine the potential risk of pesticides frequently used in Indonesia, a new toxicity test was developed using the indigenous freshwater shrimp
Caridina laevis, which is representative of ...tropical ecosystems. The test species could easily be maintained in the laboratory. Acute toxicity tests with different insecticides, fungicides, and herbicides assessing adult survival after 24 and 96
h of static exposure showed low control mortality (<10%) and good reproducibility for diazinon. Juvenile
C. laevis appeared approximately two to three times more sensitive to diazinon than adult ones. Compared to other species of freshwater crustacean commonly used in standard aquatic toxicity tests,
C. laevis showed similar sensitivity for diazinon and lambda cyhalothrin, much greater sensitivity for endosulfan and paraquat and much lower sensitivity for carbofuran. It may be concluded that the acute toxicity test using
C. laevis may be a suitable alternative for determining the potential risk of chemicals under tropical conditions.
Our aim was to investigate if seemingly identical head and neck trauma would generate differing types of brain damage. We experimentally evaluated induced brain injuries immediately after trauma ...exposure, and at 1 week post-injury. Anesthetized rabbits were exposed once to a sagittal rotational acceleration head and neck injury at either a high or a low load level, using either flexion or extension. A high-load extension trauma induced scattered meningeal petechial hemorrhages and no deaths, in contrast to a flexion trauma of the same level, which resulted in extensive parenchymal and meningeal hemorrhages, and all animals succumbed immediately. A low-level flexion trauma induced scattered meningeal petechiae, but no gross damage, while extension at the same force generated no macroscopically visible acute brain injury. Immunohistochemical investigations carried out at 7 days disclosed that a low-level flexion trauma, as well as both low- and high-level extension exposures, all induced diffuse brain injuries in the cerebral cortex and white matter, corpus callosum, hippocampus, brainstem, and cerebellum, as revealed by abnormal distribution of neurofilaments, a prevalence of β-amyloid precursor protein, and astrogliosis. The diffuse brain injury seen after a low-level flexion trauma was equal to or more extensive than that seen after a high-level extension trauma. A low-level extension trauma induced only minor histopathological abnormalities. We conclude that a sagittal rotational acceleration trauma of the head and neck induced diffuse brain injury, and that flexion caused more extensive damage than extension at the same applied load.
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