Keji Beling (Strobilanthes crispus L.) is one of medicinal plants in Acanthaceae family. The leaves are the part that is often used as the herbal products such as; herbs, tea and the others. This ...study aims to determine the characteristics of the functional groups of organic compounds, mineral content and antioxidant activity in the leaf extract of Strobilanthes crispus L. using pottery. Test analysis in research using FTIR, SEM-EDX, XRF. The result of showed the presence of CH alkenes, CH aromatic, C-O alcohol/ether/carboxylic acid/ester, C-N amine, NO2 Nitro compounds, O-H hydrogen bond alcohol /phenol and N-H amines/amides The mineral composition contained macro elements of Ca, K, P and S. While the identified micro minerals are Si, Fe, Mo, Sr, Mn, Ba, Cu, Zn, and Ni. The microscopic morphology of Strobilanthes crispus L. leaf extract is in the form of porous solid particels, thus it is to have high water solubility. The results of the antioxidant test using the DPPH method obtained an IC50 value of 19.20 ppm which is included in the group of very active antioxidants
The mandatory carbon reduction guidelines and regulations in Indonesia encourage all industrial sectors particularly the petroleum industry to implement decarbonization programs by systematically ...reducing carbon emissions as part of climate action. Unlike existing carbon emission studies in the petroleum industry, the literature lacks studies on the decarbonization patterns. In addition, the effectiveness of carbon mitigation in the upstream oil and gas field has not been studied so far. This study developed short panel data models to understand the current decarbonization efforts and patterns during 2015–2018. The results indicate that the considered variables are significantly impactful in carbon reduction with different coefficient patterns. It is suggested to associate decarbonization with oil and gas production and highlight energy efficiency optimization to stabilize production. The impact of financial, human, and administrative resources on the supporting facility is critical for executing sustainable carbon mitigation projects.
Traditional medicine employs many ingredients that have been used for generations for treatment and are based on society's norms. These ingredients are referred to as jamu. The research aim was to ...determine the types and uses of medicinal plants, the active compound content, and the potential of traditional herbal medicine as a fever-lowering bio-computation. The traditional herbal formula was determined using a direct interview method combined with a purposive sampling technique in this study. We used the software for phytochemical screening and molecular docking. COX-2 was used to analyse proteins, and six ligands were used: Quercetin, Curcuminoid, Zingerone, Heyneanone, Zerumbone, and Sabinene. This study discovered 22 different types of medicinal plants in Bangselok village, East Java, Indonesia. The Zingiberaceae family is frequently used as an ingredient in herbal medicine. Ginger, Lempuyang, Bangle, Temu Mangga, Temu Putih, and Temu Giring contain flavonoid compounds. The docking results showed that Quercetin, Zingerone, Heyneanone, Zerumbone, and Sabinene ligands were attached to domain A by the control of natural COX-2 ligands, namely NAG and EDO, predicting that they could be used as an anti-inflammatory and the combination of active compounds recommended as herbal medicine.
Successful biodiversity cultivated in freshwater fish is farmed whitefish, tiger shrimp, vannamei shrimp and. While the grouper duck (Cromileptes Mozambique) export market prospects have never tried. ...This research would like to know how the seed of acclimatization grouper duck into fresh water against the survival rate and growth response. Using random design complete 5 x 4 treatment, seed samples with long range 12 cm, weight 22 gr. Acclimatization of habitat in salinity of 30 ppt ppt 4. Moderate decrease in salinity 0.0 A0 is the ppt/day (controls), A0,5 (0.5 ppt/day), A1 (1 PPT/day), A1.5 (1.5 ppt/day), and A2 (2 ppt/day). Data were analyzed with the survival rate of the t test (P ≤ 0.05) the results show a decrease in salinity of 0.5 ppt/day 35% real different with controls 92.5%, but is superior than the three other treatments (A1, A1.5 and A2) dead all before reaching 4 ppt. While the growth rate data were analyzed with anova followed duncan test (P ≤ 0.05) the results show A0.5 0.60% no different with real control of 0.61% real but different (fastest) compared to three other treatments (A1, A1.5 and A2). The conclusion is grouper duck capable cultivated in brackish water 4 ppt (mesohalin) through acclimatization with decreased salinity of 0.5 ppt/day.
ABSTRACTFloating Net is a simple alternative cultivation methods. The river there is a garden in the Krembangan District Sidarjoi which is used as a place of cultivation of Floating net fish ...oreochromis mossambicus (Oreochromis mossambicus), on the other hand is where waste disposal by the local community and some industries . This research aims to know the accumulation of heavy metals chromium (Cr) in the flesh of fish oreochromis mossambicus (Oreochromis mossambicus) and find out the feasibility of fish consumption oreochromis mossambicus at floating net on the river Krembangan Sidoaarjo. This research are observatif by using Purposive Random Sampling techniques. test the content of heavy metal chromium (Cr) in the flesh of fish oreochromis mossambicus (Oreochromis mossambicus) method using AAS (Atomic Absorbtion Spectrofotometry). The data generated in the analysis in quantitative descriptive. In this research show that the heavy metal content of chromium (Cr) in the flesh of fish oreochromis mossambicus highs station III of 0.52 mg/Kg; I station of 0.51 mg/Kg II station of 0.48 mg/Kg on a sampling sedangkang the morning, at night the highest value on the station III of 0.50 mg/Kg; I station of 0.46 mg/Kg and the II of 0.39 mg/Kg. Average deposits of heavy metal Cr on fish oreochromis mossambicus (o. mossambicus) is still under the raw quality of the already established by the Director-General of POM 1989 i.e. amounted to 2.5 mg/kg but fall into the category bioakumulasi medium, so that fish oreochromis mossambicus is still worthy of consumption, but need to watch out for, considering the Cr are toxic, carcinogenic, bioakumulatif and biomagnifikasi would potentially interfere with health.
Vitamin D3(VD3), also known as cholecalciferol plays a crucial role in maintaining calcium and phosphate homeostasis and has the potential to suppress bone malformations in fish larvae. However, ...external factors during growth also significantly influence the development of fish larval bones. Understanding the complex interaction between VD3 treatment and these external factors is crucial for optimizing therapeutic potential and effectively treating bone anomalies. SEM (Structural Equation Modeling) offers a comprehensive framework to explore these interactions by considering multiple variables simultaneously and examining their interrelationships. This study aimed to determine the impact of VD3 and its relationship with other external factors on the incidence of bone malformations in hybrid grouper larvae (Epinephelus fuscoguttatus X Epinephelus polyphekadion, EFEP). The treatments included a dose of 1.9 IU/g of VD3 in the feed and control group without VD3. All treatments received standard enrichment ingredients including vitamin C, taurine, and commercial enrichment (*SELCO). The enrichment was applied to rotifers (3 – 25 days after hatching, DAH) and artificial feed (25 – 35 DAH). The treatment was conducted in two batches, during the dry season (batch 1) and the rainy season (batch 2), to explore the seasonal impact on bone malformations. Results indicated that VD3 reduced the incidence of bone malformations in EFEP hybrid grouper fry by 1.14–1.65 times. SEM analysis revealed that spawning timing, egg quality, and water quality significantly impacted the occurrence of bone deformities, influencing malformations directly and indirectly through bone mineral content. This study demonstrated that bone malformations can be result from deficiencies in calcium, excess potassium and sulfur, and the presence of bromine in bone.
•Supplementing the dietary intake with VD3 effectively reduced the occurrence of bone deformities in EFEP hybrid grouper fry.•VD3 has the capability to enhance the concentration of calcium (Ca) and phosphorus (P) atoms in bones.•External factors play a role in influencing the occurrence of bone malformation•VD3 indirectly affects the occurrence rate of bone deformities.•External factors have a direct or indirect impact on the occurrence of bone deformities.
There has been a growing emphasis on developing extraction methods that are not only efficient but also environmentally friendly and sustainable. One promising avenue is the exploration of deep ...eutectic solvents (DESs) as neoteric extraction media. This study aims to investigate the potential of DESs as neoteric extraction media for phenolics-rich flower clove extracts. Two DESs were synthesised by mixing choline chloride with glycerol and lactic acid at a molar ratio of 1:2. The thermal profiles of the mixture were analysed using differential scanning calorimetry, and the viscosity and density were measured at different temperatures. The phenolic compounds were quantitatively characterised for all of the extractants using high-performance liquid chromatography. The total phenolic content and the antioxidant activities of the extracts were determined. The results showed that DESs significantly improved the extraction of antioxidant compounds from clove, especially for the case of phenolic compounds, and also considerably enhanced the antioxidant activity of the extracts. The use of DESs offers a green, efficient method for extracting value-added products from natural sources.
This study investigated the extraction of polyphenols from Chlorella vulgaris microalgae using environmentally friendly choline chloride-based deep eutectic solvents (DESs), specifically DES 1 ...(choline chloride: ethylene glycol, 1:2) and DES 2 (choline chloride: glycerol, 1:2). Thermal characterization of DESs through DSC analysis confirmed their formation as a glass former, while through density and viscosity analysis reveals their influence on extraction efficiency. Both DESs and methanol were employed in solid-liquid extraction combined with centrifugation. The Folin-Ciocalteu method quantified total phenolic content, showing DES 1 and DES 2 to outperform methanol (80.04, 68.63, and 60.15 mg GAE/g, respectively). High performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) was used in order to confirm these results. The HPLC result revealed that DES 1 exhibited the highest extraction efficiency at 198.00 ± 4.45 mg/L of Gallic acid yielded, followed by DES 2 at 189.83 ± 4.84 mg/L and the lowest is MeOH at 138.47 ± 5.36 mg/L. DPPH Radical Scavenging assay indicated both DES 1 and DES 2 extracts with significant radical scavenging activity (88.45 ± 0.17) % and (66.13 ± 1.62) %, respectively, compared to MeOH extracts that showed the lowest antioxidant activity at (30.41 ± 1.70) %. Overall, this study highlighted the potential of DESs in enchancing polyphenol extraction from Chlorella vulgaris, with room for further optimization and exploration of DES-polyphenol interactions.
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Aktivitas industri di Kecamatan Taman, Kabupaten Sidoarjo yang menghasilkan limbah cair pada umumnya mengalirkan limbahnya ke aliran sungai, yang kemudian menyebabkan penurunan kualitas perairan. ...Kali Pelayaran memiliki peranan yang cukup penting yaitu menunjang dan memenuhi kebutuhan hidup masyarakat antara lain sebagai bahan baku untuk Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum (IPAM), kegiatan MCK, sumber air pertanian, sumber air perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas fisika, kimia perairan serta konsentrasi logam berat Kromium (Cr) Kali Pelayaran Sidoarjo menurut standar baku mutu air yang telah ditetapkan. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah air Kali Pelayaran yang diambil pada stasiun I, II, III sebanyak 3 kali ulangan. Data yang diambil meliputi parameter fisika antara lain pH, temperatur. parameter kimia antara lain BOD, COD, DO dan konsentrasi logam berat Kromium (Cr). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata temperatur di setiap stasiun adalah (30oC, 31oC, 31oC), pH perairan (4,7, 5,2, 5,1), DO (2,77 mg/L, 2,8 mg/L, 2,8 mg/L), BOD (105 mg/L, 105,6 mg/L, 105,5 mg/L), serta COD (182,5 mg/L, 182,5 mg/L, 182,6 mg/L). Kandungan logam berat Kromium (Cr) pada air Kali Pelayaran di 3 stasiun rata-rata 0,94 mg/L, 1,11 mg/L, dan 1,12 mg/L telah melampaui ambang batas yang ditetapkan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air yaitu sebesar 0,05 mg/L
Aktivitas industri di Kecamatan Taman, Kabupaten Sidoarjo yang menghasilkan limbah cair pada umumnya mengalirkan limbahnya ke aliran sungai, yang kemudian menyebabkan penurunan kualitas perairan. ...Kali Pelayaran memiliki peranan yang cukup penting yaitu menunjang dan memenuhi kebutuhan hidup masyarakat antara lain sebagai bahan baku untuk Instalasi Pengolahan Air Minum (IPAM), kegiatan MCK, sumber air pertanian, sumber air perikanan. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mendeskripsikan kualitas fisika, kimia perairan serta konsentrasi logam berat Kromium (Cr) Kali Pelayaran Sidoarjo menurut standar baku mutu air yang telah ditetapkan. Metode penelitian menggunakan deskriptif kuantitatif. Sampel yang digunakan pada penelitian adalah air Kali Pelayaran yang diambil pada stasiun I, II, III sebanyak 3 kali ulangan. Data yang diambil meliputi parameter fisika antara lain pH, temperatur. parameter kimia antara lain BOD, COD, DO dan konsentrasi logam berat Kromium (Cr). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan rata-rata temperatur di setiap stasiun adalah (30oC, 31oC, 31oC), pH perairan (4,7, 5,2, 5,1), DO (2,77 mg/L, 2,8 mg/L, 2,8 mg/L), BOD (105 mg/L, 105,6 mg/L, 105,5 mg/L), serta COD (182,5 mg/L, 182,5 mg/L, 182,6 mg/L). Kandungan logam berat Kromium (Cr) pada air Kali Pelayaran di 3 stasiun rata-rata 0,94 mg/L, 1,11 mg/L, dan 1,12 mg/L telah melampaui ambang batas yang ditetapkan dalam Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 82 Tahun 2001 tentang Pengelolaan Kualitas Air dan Pengendalian Pencemaran Air yaitu sebesar 0,05 mg/L
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