Strong gravitationally lensed quasars provide a powerful means to study galaxy evolution and cosmology. We use CHITAH, which is an algorithm used to hunt for new lens systems, particularly lensed ...quasars, in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) S16A. We present 46 lens candidates, of which 3 are previously known. We select four high-grade candidates from CHITAH for spectroscopic follow-up observations, and include two additional lenses found by YATTALENS, an algorithm used to classify lensed galaxies. We obtain X-shooter spectra of these six promising candidates for lens confirmation and redshift measurements. We report new spectroscopic redshift measurements for both the lens and source galaxies in four lens systems. We apply the lens modeling software GLEE to model our six X-shooter lenses uniformly. Through our analysis of the HSC images, we find that HSCJ022622−042522, HSCJ115252+004733, and HSCJ141136−010216 have point-like lensed images, and that the lens light distribution is well aligned with the lens mass distribution within 6 deg. We estimate the fluxes of the lensed source emission lines using X-shooter spectra, and use line ratio as a diagnostic on the Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich (BPT) diagram. As a result, we find that HSCJ022622−042522 has a probable quasar source based on the upper limit of the N II flux intensity. We also measure the FWHM of Lyα emission of HSCJ141136−010216 to be ∼233 km s−1, showing that it is a probable Lyman-α emitter.
Strong gravitationally lensed quasars provide a powerful means to study galaxy evolution and cosmology. We use C
HITAH
, which is an algorithm used to hunt for new lens systems, particularly lensed ...quasars, in the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program (HSC SSP) S16A. We present 46 lens candidates, of which 3 are previously known. We select four high-grade candidates from C
HITAH
for spectroscopic follow-up observations, and include two additional lenses found by Y
ATTA
L
ENS
, an algorithm used to classify lensed galaxies. We obtain X-shooter spectra of these six promising candidates for lens confirmation and redshift measurements. We report new spectroscopic redshift measurements for both the lens and source galaxies in four lens systems. We apply the lens modeling software G
LEE
to model our six X-shooter lenses uniformly. Through our analysis of the HSC images, we find that HSCJ022622−042522, HSCJ115252+004733, and HSCJ141136−010216 have point-like lensed images, and that the lens light distribution is well aligned with the lens mass distribution within 6 deg. We estimate the fluxes of the lensed source emission lines using X-shooter spectra, and use line ratio as a diagnostic on the Baldwin-Phillips-Terlevich (BPT) diagram. As a result, we find that HSCJ022622−042522 has a probable quasar source based on the upper limit of the N
II
flux intensity. We also measure the FWHM of Ly
α
emission of HSCJ141136−010216 to be ∼233 km s
−1
, showing that it is a probable Lyman-
α
emitter.
•Estimates of estimated genetic parameters between growth traits and dry rubber production for the two rubber populations indicate a favorable selection situation.•The MEI-based selection provided ...promising selection gains without drastically affecting effective size and diversity in rubber populations.•The MEI is the most appropriate strategy being selection within families, providing adequate levels of genetic variability and possible seed orchard formation.
The objective of this work was to evaluate the genetic parameters and estimate genetic gains in two populations of Hevea brasiliensis. The first population of the study is originated from the primary forest of Rio Branco – Acre (wild population – PS), and the other population is originated from clonal matrices (improved population – PM). Thirty-seven progenies were evaluated at 23 years for PS. For PM, 31 progenies at eight years of age were evaluated for growth traits and dry rubber yield. Estimates of the genetic parameters were made using the univariate linear mixed-model additive model REML/BLUP and gains in selection by the Multi-Effects Index (MEI) method. The selection strategies of 50%, 40% and 22% of individuals for the character of dry rubber yield (PBS) and stem perimeter (PAP) using the multi-effects index revealed high and low selection gains in both populations. For MP, the strategy of selection between and within progenies was more appropriate and for PS, the individual selection. The gains obtained in the selection were 54% for the PBS character in the improved population of 0.46% for the PAP character for the wild population.
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O conhecimento sobre o potencial evolutivo das populações naturais é fundamental para garantir a sobrevivência das espécies. A estimativa da herdabilidade é necessária para analisar quanto da variação fenotípica de caracteres estão sobre controle genético. O objetivo desse estudo foi investigar o controle genético de caracteres de crescimento nas fases iniciais de desenvolvimento de populações fragmentadas de Copaifera langsdorffii, utilizando marcadores microssatélites. Para tanto, foram utilizadas duas populações de C. langsdorffii, uma localizada no parque municipal em São José do Rio Preto (SJRP) e uma na Estação Ecológica de Assis (EEA), ambas no Estado de São Paulo, Brasil. O modelo para estimar o coeficiente de herdabilidade consiste no método de regressão de uma medida de similaridade fenotípica e uma estimativa de parentesco entre pares de indivíduos, executado no programa Mark. Ambos coeficientes de parentesco e herdabilidade foram estimados para três classes de distância (10, 20 e 30 m) dentro das populações. As estimativas de herdabilidade foram baixas (máximo de 0,146) para todos os caracteres, variando entre valores positivos para os indivíduos regenerantes da população SJRP e entre negativos a positivos para os juvenis da população EEA. Em termos evolutivos, estes resultados indicam poucas chances de alterar a média populacional dos caracteres estudados pela seleção natural, sendo os efeitos ambientais aleatórios mais fortes para alterar esta média. Este resultado, associado à tendência observada de redução no coeficiente de herdabilidade para altura entre indivíduos regenerantes para indivíduos juvenis também indica que este controle genético reduz com o desenvolvimento das plantas, ou seja, a seleção natural em populações naturais é mais forte em fases iniciais de desenvolvimento das plantas. Em suma, os resultados sugerem que não existem diferenças nos níveis de ...
The knowledge about the evolutionary potential of natural populations is critical to ensure the survival of the species. Heritability estimates are necessary to analyze how much of the phenotypic variation of traits are about genetic control. The aim of this study is to investigate the genetic control of growth traits in the initial phases of developing fragmented populations Copaifera langsdorffii, using microsatellite markers. Therefore, two populations of C. langsdorffii were used a municipal park located in São José do Rio Preto (SJRP) and at Assis Ecological Station (AES), both in the state of São Paulo, Brazil. The model to estimate the heritability coefficient is the method of regression of a measure of phenotypic similarity and an estimate of kinship between individuals, run the Mark programs. The coefficients of relatedness and heritability were estimated for three classes of distance (10, 20 and 30 m) within populations. Estimates of heritability were low (maximum 0.146) for all traits, ranging from positive values for regenerating individuals of the population SJRP and from negative to positive for the juvenile population AES. In evolutionary terms, these results indicate little chance of changing the population mean of the characters studied by natural selection, with the strongest environmental random effects to change this average. This result, coupled with the trend of reduction in the coefficient of heritability for height between regenerating juveniles individuals indicates also that the genetic control reduces the development of plants, in other words, natural selection in natural populations is stronger in the early stages of plant development. In short, the results suggest that there are no differences in the levels of heritability between the two populations and that the heritability for growth traits is low in both populations
Strong gravitationally lensed quasars provide powerful means to study galaxy evolution and cosmology. We use Chitah to hunt for new lens systems in the Hyper Suprime\(-\)Cam Subaru Strategic Program ...(HSC SSP) S16A. We present 46 lens candidates, of which 3 are previously known. Including 2 additional lenses found by YattaLens, we obtain X-shooter spectra of 6 promising candidates for lens confirmation and redshift measurements. We report new spectroscopic redshift measurements for both the lens and source galaxies in 4 lens systems. We apply the lens modeling software Glee to model our 6 X-shooter lenses uniformly. Through our analysis of the HSC images, we find that HSCJ022622\(-\)042522, HSCJ115252\(+\)004733, and HSCJ141136\(-\)010216 have point-like lensed images, and that the lens light distribution is well aligned with mass distribution within 6 deg. Thanks to the X-shooter spectra, we estimate fluxes on the Baldwin- Phillips-Terlevich (BPT) diagram, and find that HSCJ022622\(-\)042522 has a probable quasar source, based on the upper limit of the Nii flux intensity. We also measure the FWHM of Ly\(\alpha\) emission of HSCJ141136\(-\)010216 to be \(\sim\)254 km/s, showing that it is a probable Lyman-\(\alpha\) emitter.
Um dos meios para se investigar se uma área está contaminada por derramamento ou vazamento de gasolina é por meio da análise das concentrações de benzeno, tolueno, etilbenzeno e xileno, mais ...conhecidos como BTEX, em amostras de solo coletadas em campo. No Estado de São Paulo, essa pesquisa segue alguns procedimentos para coleta das amostras publicados no Manual de Gerenciamento de Áreas Contaminadas da CETESB. Este trabalho procurou avaliar como a variável tempo de embalagem (tempo de exposição ao ar) de amostras de solo contaminado pode influenciar nas concentrações de BTEX. O estudo baseou-se em experimentos realizados em laboratório em condições controladas e em análise das dosagens dos contaminantes.
Orientador: Alexandre Magno Sebbenn
Resumo: Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (Lecythidaceae), popularmente conhecida como jequitibá-branco, é uma espécie arbórea tropical típica de estágios ...sucessionais avançados, característica de florestas clímax. Apesar da sua importância ecológica, a espécie encontra-se ameaçada de extinção, principalmente devido à intensa exploração e degradação de seu ambiente natural. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a diversidade genética, a estrutura genética espacial intrapopulacional (EGE), o sistema de cruzamento e o fluxo gênico contemporâneo de uma população de C. estrellensis, localizada em um fragmento florestal (448,2 ha) na cidade de Bataguassu (Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil), utilizando marcadores microssatélites. Foram mapeadas, medidas (altura e diâmetro a altura do peito) e genotipadas todas as 285 árvores adultas encontradas na área e coletadas sementes de 20 árvores matrizes, 32 sementes por árvore para as análises de forma hierárquica dentro e entre frutos. Utilizando os genótipos de adultos e progênies foram investigadas a herança Mendeliana, ligação genética e o desequilíbrio genotípico de nove locos de C. estrellensis, os quais exibiram herança Mendeliana, não estão ligados e segregam de forma independente. Embora a riqueza alélica ( ), heterozigozidade observada ( ) e esperada ( ) foram similares entre adultos ( = 8,3, = 0,648, = 0,686) e sementes ( = 7,8, = 0,640, = 0,682), estes índices foram significativamente menores nas sementes. O índice fixaçã... (Resumo completo, clicar acesso eletrônico abaixo)
Doutor
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Previous issue date: 2017-02-03
Fundação de Amparo à Pesquisa do Estado de São Paulo (FAPESP)
Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (Lecythidaceae), popularmente conhecida como jequitibá-branco, é uma espécie arbórea tropical típica de estágios sucessionais avançados, característica de florestas clímax. Apesar da sua importância ecológica, a espécie encontra-se ameaçada de extinção, principalmente devido à intensa exploração e degradação de seu ambiente natural. O objetivo deste trabalho foi investigar a diversidade genética, a estrutura genética espacial intrapopulacional (EGE), o sistema de cruzamento e o fluxo gênico contemporâneo de uma população de C. estrellensis, localizada em um fragmento florestal (448,2 ha) na cidade de Bataguassu (Estado do Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil), utilizando marcadores microssatélites. Foram mapeadas, medidas (altura e diâmetro a altura do peito) e genotipadas todas as 285 árvores adultas encontradas na área e coletadas sementes de 20 árvores matrizes, 32 sementes por árvore para as análises de forma hierárquica dentro e entre frutos. Utilizando os genótipos de adultos e progênies foram investigadas a herança Mendeliana, ligação genética e o desequilíbrio genotípico de nove locos de C. estrellensis, os quais exibiram herança Mendeliana, não estão ligados e segregam de forma independente. Embora a riqueza alélica ( ), heterozigozidade observada ( ) e esperada ( ) foram similares entre adultos ( = 8,3, = 0,648, = 0,686) e sementes ( = 7,8, = 0,640, = 0,682), estes índices foram significativamente menores nas sementes. O índice fixação médio ( ) não foi significativamente maior do que zero, sugerindo ausência de endogamia nos adultos e nas sementes. A taxa de cruzamento multilocos ( ) foi significativamente menor que a unidade (1,0), sugerindo autofecundações. A taxa de cruzamento entre indivíduos parentes ( ) foi significativamente maior do que zero (0,062) e a correlação de paternidade foi maior dentro ( = 0,835) do que entre frutos ( = 0,062). O coeficiente médio de coancestria ( ) foi maior e o tamanho efetivo ( ) foi menor do que o esperado para progênies de populações panmíticas. O número estimado de árvores matrizes para a coleta de sementes para obter um tamanho efetivo de 150 foi de 52. A taxa de imigração de pólen foi de 9,4%. O raio efetivo de dispersão de pólen ( ) foi de 974 m. A análise de modelagem de dispersão de pólen de Kernel indicou o modelo de dispersão exponencial como o que melhor explica a dispersão de pólen, com média de dispersão de pólen de 610,9 m. Portanto, a população de C. estrellensis não está reprodutivamente isolada devido à dispersão de pólen a longas distâncias e apresenta grande potencial para fins de conservação genética in situ e ex situ.
Cariniana estrellensis (Raddi) Kuntze (Lecythidaceae), popularly known as jequitibá-branco, is a tropical tree species typical of advanced successional stages, characteristic of climax forests. Although it ecological importance, the species is threatened with extinction, mainly due to the intense exploitation and degradation of its natural environment. The objective of this study was to investigate the genetic diversity, intrapopulation spatial genetic structure (SGS), the mating system and contemporary gene flow of a population of C. estrellensis, located in a forest fragment (448.2 ha) in the city of Bataguassu (State of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil), using microsatellite markers. Were mapped, measured (height and diameter at breast height) and genotyped all 285 adult trees found in the area and collected seeds from 20 matrices trees, 32 seeds per tree for the hierarchical analyses within and among fruits. Using the genotypes of adults and progenies were investigated Mendelian inheritance, genetic linkage and genotypic disequilibrium of nine loci of C. estrellensis, which exhibited Mendelian inheritance, are not linkaged and segregate independently. Although the allelic richness ( R ), observed heterozygosity ( Ho ) and expected ( He ) were similar among adults ( R = 8.3, Ho = 0.648, He = 0.686) and seeds ( R = 7.8, Ho = 0.640, He = 0.682), these indexes were significantly lower in the seeds. The average fixation index ( F ) was not significantly greater than zero, suggesting absence of inbreeding in adults and seeds. The rate of multilocus outcrossing ( m t ) was significantly less than unit (1.0), suggesting selfing. The outcrossing rate between related individuals ( m s t t ) was significantly greater than zero (0.062) and the paternity correlation was higher within ( p(w) r = 0.835) than that among fruits ( p(a) r = 0,062). The average coefficient of coancestry ( ) was higher and the effective size ( Ne ) lower than expected for progenies of panmitic populations. The estimated number of matrices trees to collect seeds to obtain the effective size of 150 was of 52. The immigration rate of pollen was 9.4%. The effective radius of pollen dispersal ( ep r ) was of 974 m. The analysis of Kernel pollen dispersion modeling indicated the exponential dispersion model as the best explanation for pollen dispersion, with a pollen dispersion average of 610.9 m. Therefore, the population of C. estrellensis is not reproductively isolated due to the dispersion of pollen over long distances and presents great potential for in situ and ex situ genetic conservation purposes.
FAPESP: 2014/02675-8
The number of cancer survivors is increasing; however, optimal health management of cancer survivors remains unclear due to limited knowledge. To elucidate the risk of non‐communicable diseases, and ...the effect of lifestyle habits on risk of non‐communicable diseases, we compared cancer survivors and those who never had cancer (non‐cancer controls) using a population‐based prospective cohort study. The baseline survey of 2292 participants was carried out from 2004 to 2006, and the follow‐up survey of 2124 participants was carried out in 2011. We compared the baseline characteristics and the risk of non‐communicable diseases between cancer survivors and non‐cancer controls. Analyzed participants included 124 cancer survivors (men/women, 57/67), and 2168 non‐cancer controls (939/1229). Several lifestyle factors and nutritional intake significantly differed between survivors and non‐cancer controls, although smoking status did not differ between the groups (P = 0.30). Univariate logistic regression analysis showed increased risk of death (odds ratio OR, 3.64; 95% confidence interval CI, 2.19–6.05) and heart disease (OR, 2.60; 95% CI, 1.06–6.39) in cancer survivors. Increased risk of heart disease was also significant (OR, 2.95; 95% CI, 1.05–8.26; P = 0.04) in the multivariate analysis of the smoking‐related cancer subgroup. Current smoking significantly increased risk of death (OR, 2.42; 95% CI, 1.13–5.18). Specific management should be implemented for cancer survivors. More intense management against smoking is necessary, as continued smoking in cancer survivors may increase the risk of second primary cancer. Moreover, cancer survivors are at a high risk of heart disease; thus, additional care should be taken.
In this population‐based study, we indicated that lifestyle habits, especially smoking, are associated with the risk of non‐communicable disease in cancer survivors. Our results are valuable in that they elucidate the need to establish specific health management for cancer survivors with a focus on the prevention of non‐communicable diseases, including second primary cancer. In addition, cancer survivors should receive additional care for heart disease.
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