Diabetic neuropathic pain, an important microvascular complication in diabetes mellitus is recognised as one of the most difficult types of pain to treat. A lack of the understanding of its ...aetiology, inadequate relief, development of tolerance and potential toxicity of classical antinociceptives warrant the investigation of the newer agents to relieve this pain. The aim of the present study was to explore the antinociceptive effect of curcumin and its effect on tumour necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and nitric oxide (NO) release in streptozotocin induced diabetic mice. Four weeks after a single intraperitoneal injection of streptozotocin (200
mg/kg), mice were tested in the tail immersion and hot-plate assays. Diabetic mice exhibited significant hyperalgesia along with increased plasma glucose and decreased body weights as compared with control mice. Chronic treatment with curcumin (15, 30 and 60
mg/kg body weight; p.o.) for 4
weeks starting from the 4th week of streptozotocin injection significantly attenuated thermal hyperalgesia and the hot-plate latencies. Curcumin also inhibited the TNF-α and NO release in a dose dependent manner. These results indicate an antinociceptive activity of curcumin possibly through its inhibitory action on NO and TNF-α release and point towards its potential to attenuate diabetic neuropathic pain.
Resistant and susceptible varieties of periwinkle (Catharanthus roseus) were grown in solarized and non-solarized plots during 1986 and 1987 to study the control of dieback and collar and root rot ...diseases caused by Pythium aphanidermatum, through soil solarization and host resistance. Soil solarization significantly reduced plant mortality due to these diseases in the susceptible variety, WH12, during both years and in the resistant variety, WH40, only during 1987. During 1987, plant mortality in solarized plots was observed 45 days later than in non-solarized plots. Soil solarization and host resistance together reduced plant mortality by 72-91 %. Soil solarization significantly increased leaf and root yields of both resistant and susceptible varieties by 26-52 %.
ABSTRACT The progenitors of some supernovae (SNe) exhibit outbursts with super-Eddington luminosities prior to their final explosions. This behavior is common among SNe IIn, but the driving ...mechanisms of these precursors are not yet well-understood. SNHunt 275 was announced as a possible new SN during 2015 May. Here we report on pre-explosion observations of the location of this event by the Palomar Transient Factory (PTF) and report the detection of a precursor about 500 days prior to the 2015 May activity (PTF 13efv). The observed velocities in the 2015 transient and its 2013 precursor absorption spectra are low (1000-2000 km s−1), so it is not clear yet if the recent activity indeed marks the final disruption of the progenitor. Regardless of the nature of this event, we use the PTF photometric and spectral observations, as well as Swift-UVOT observations, to constrain the efficiency of the radiated energy relative to the total kinetic energy of the precursor. We find that, using an order-of-magnitude estimate and under the assumption of spherical symmetry, the ratio of the radiated energy to the kinetic energy is in the range of 4 × 10−2 to 3.4 × 103.
All-printed transistors consisting of interconnected networks of various types of two-dimensional nanosheets are an important goal in nanoscience. Using electrolytic gating, we demonstrate ...all-printed, vertically stacked transistors with graphene source, drain, and gate electrodes, a transition metal dichalcogenide channel, and a boron nitride (BN) separator, all formed from nanosheet networks. The BN network contains an ionic liquid within its porous interior that allows electrolytic gating in a solid-like structure. Nanosheet network channels display on:off ratios of up to 600, transconductances exceeding 5 millisiemens, and mobilities of >0.1 square centimeters per volt per second. Unusually, the on-currents scaled with network thickness and volumetric capacitance. In contrast to other devices with comparable mobility, large capacitances, while hindering switching speeds, allow these devices to carry higher currents at relatively low drive voltages.
The new generation of analgesics and antiinflammatory drugs, namely,
the selective inhibitors of cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) enzymes, popularly
known as Coxibs, have become a very popular class of drugs ...because of
their gastro-sparing property. Coxibs were the widely prescribed drugs
(nearly 8 million people round the globe take these drugs) until the
recent setback with rofecoxib, which was withdrawn from the market by
the innovator due to increased risk of heart attacks and strokes
observed with its long-term use. The withdrawal of this popular NSAID
has not only caused a great setback in the global market of coxibs but
has also questioned the ethics involved in the toxicity testing and
sharing of information with the end users of this new class of drugs.
This article briefly reviews the developments in coxib theory, the
clinical efficacy and safety of these agents in the light of the latest
cardiovascular concerns.
A novel ultra-high strength and low-cost as-cast titanium alloy Sengupta, Biswajit; Shekhar, Shashank; Kulkarni, Kaustubh N.
Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing,
06/2017, Letnik:
696
Journal Article
Recenzirano
A novel low-cost titanium alloy (Ti-22Fe-4Si-4Cr) is reported, which has a very high compressive strength of 2.5GPa and ultra high hardness of 710Hv in as cast condition. The specific strength of the ...alloy is 488kN·m/kg, one of the highest among all engineering materials.
The actin cytoskeleton is critical to shape cells and pattern intracellular organelles, which collectively drives tissue morphogenesis. In multiciliated cells (MCCs), apical actin drives expansion of ...the cell surface necessary to host hundreds of cilia. The apical actin also forms a lattice to uniformly distribute basal bodies. This apical actin network is dynamically remodeled, but the molecules that regulate its architecture remain poorly understood. We identify the chromatin modifier, WDR5, as a regulator of apical F-actin in MCCs. Unexpectedly in MCCs, WDR5 has a function independent of chromatin modification. We discover a scaffolding role for WDR5 between the basal body and F-actin. Specifically, WDR5 binds to basal bodies and migrates apically, where F-actin organizes around WDR5. Using a monomer trap for G-actin, we show that WDR5 stabilizes F-actin to maintain lattice architecture. In summary, we identify a non-chromatin role for WDR5 in stabilizing F-actin in MCCs.
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•WDR5 has a chromatin modification-independent role in multiciliated cell formation•The β-propeller structure of WDR5 is essential, but not sufficient, for ciliogenesis•WDR5 controls apical cell expansion and basal body patterning•WDR5 binds actin and γ-tubulin and stabilizes the actin network
Kulkarni et al. uncover a chromatin modification-independent function for the H3K4 methyltransferase subunit WDR5 in multiciliated cell formation. WDR5 localizes to basal bodies at the ciliary base, where it stabilizes the actin lattice that allows multiciliated cells to expand their apical surface, pattern basal bodies, and generate hundreds of cilia.
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