Whenever train disturbances occur, it is necessary for traffic operators to recover the train timetable appropriately, considering the passenger flow. But it is difficult to predict the flow in ...quantitative terms, because passengers may cancel his or her travel, or detour to another rail line. In recent years, however, it has become possible to obtain actual train operation time data stored in traffic control systems, the number of passengers on board by means of load compensating devices on rolling stock and passengers' Origin-Destination data collected with automatic ticket checkers. In this paper, we first propose a visualization method of passengers' flow. The method makes it easier for us to understand features of passengers' flow during traffic disturbances in comparison with that of ordinary days. In the next step, we construct prediction models for the number of passengers passing the section between two adjacent stations. We implement multiple regression analysis using passenger's flow data and information on outline of disturbances on a commuter rail line in past 10 months. As a result, we get multiple regression formulas to predict increase or decrease rates of the traffic volume in each section, with sufficient multiple correlation coefficients about 0.75. Finally, we apply the formulas to other disturbances, and find that they are reliable enough to support train rescheduling operations.
Development of portable NMR polarimeter system for polarized HD target Ohta, T.; Fujiwara, M.; Fukuda, K. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2011, Letnik:
633, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A portable NMR polarimeter system has been developed to measure the polarization of a polarized Hydrogen-Deuteride (HD) target for hadron photoproduction experiments at SPring-8. The polarized HD ...target is produced at the Research Center for Nuclear Physics (RCNP), Osaka university and is transported to SPring-8. The HD polarization should be monitored at both places. We have constructed the portable NMR polarimeter system by replacing the devices in the conventional system with the software system with PCI eXtensions for Instrumentation (PXI). The weight of the NMR system is downsized from 80 to 7
kg, and the cost is reduced to 25%. We check the performance of the portable NMR polarimeter system. The signal-to-noise (
S/
N) ratio of the NMR signal for the portable system is about 50% of that for the conventional NMR system. This performance of the portable NMR system is proved to be compatible with the conventional NMR system for the polarization measurement.
We have studied textures of the rotating superfluid
3
He–A in a single narrow cylinder by NMR measurement. In a narrow cylinder, the characteristic textures such as Mermin-Ho texture (Mermin and Ho ...in Phys. Rev. Lett. 36:594,
1976
) can be formed in order to minimize the free energy of the system determined by the effect of the wall, the magnetic field, the dipole interaction, the flow of the superfluid and so on. We observed three types of NMR absorption spectra dependent on the processes used to form A-phase in a narrow cylinder. A particular texture shows a characteristic spectrum and we can determine the texture from the observed spectrum by comparing the resonance frequency of the peak in NMR spectrum with the calculated one of the spin wave mode. We present the identification and the phase diagram of textures of the rotating superfluid
3
He–A in a single narrow cylinder.
HD gas analysis with gas chromatography and quadrupole mass spectrometer Ohta, T.; Bouchigny, S.; Didelez, J.-P. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
06/2011, Letnik:
640, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
A gas analyzer system has been developed to analyze Hydrogen–Deuteride (HD) gas for producing frozen-spin polarized HD targets, which are used for hadron photoproduction experiments at SPring-8. ...Small amounts of ortho-H
2 and para-D
2 gas mixtures (
∼
0.01
%
) in a purified HD gas are a key to realize a frozen-spin polarized target. However, there was an intrinsic difficulty to measure these small mixtures in the HD gas with a quadrupole mass spectrometer (QMS) because D
+ and H
2D
+ produced from the ionization of HD molecules were misidentified as H
2 and D
2 molecules, respectively, and became backgrounds for the measurement of the H
2 and D
2 concentrations. In addition, the ortho-H
2 and para-D
2 are not distinguished from the para-H
2 and ortho-D
2, respectively, with the QMS. In order to obtain reliable concentrations of these gas mixtures in the HD gas, we produced a new gas analyzer system combining two independent measurements with a gas chromatograph and the QMS. Helium or neon gas was used as a carrier gas for the gas chromatograph which was cooled at
∼
110
K
. The para-H
2, ortho-H
2, HD, and D
2 are separated using the retention time of the gas chromatograph and the mass/charge ratio. Although the para-D
2 is not separated from the ortho-D
2, the total amount of the D
2 is measured without the H
2D
+ background. The ortho-H
2 concentration is also measured separately from the D
+ background. It is found that the new gas analyzer system can measure small concentrations of
∼
0.01
%
for the ortho-H
2 and D
2 with good
S
/
N
ratios.
The atmospheric depositions were collected by ordinary bulk-samplers mounted with a glass or polyethylene funnel of 30 cm orifice. A long-term observation was carried out at a site (35 degrees ...01'30"N, 135 degrees 58'07"E) in the urbanized area for 21 years since 1974. The annual volume-weighted average concentrations of total nitrogen (TN) and phosphorus (TP) were 1.02 +/- 0.30 and 0.031 +/- 0.015 mg(-1), respectively, and the loading rates were 14.5 +/- 2.8 and 0.43 +/- 0.16 kg ha(-1) yr(-1). The rates neither had a relationship with the precipitation (1,492 +/- 343 mm yr(-1)) nor showed any diachronic tendencies. In order to obtain the loading rate of TN and TP within 10% uncertainty under the significant level of 0.01, there is no way but to continue the observation for seven and eleven years or more, respectively. In order to clarify the regional variation of the loading amounts of the depositions, the samplers were set at 12 sites distributing throughout the Kinki District for two years. The distance from northernmost (2322 mm yr(-1)) to southernmost (1242 mm yr(-1)) is about 150 km. The average loading rates of the 12 sites were 16.2 +/- 2.5 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) of TN and 0.730 +/- 0.247 kg ha(-1) yr(-1) of TP. The depositions of NO3-N, NH4-N, and TN as well as TP showed tendencies with distances neither from a big city nor from Japan Sea.
Water quality and flow rates at a weir installed on the end of Aburahi-S Experimental Watershed (3.34 ha) were measured once a week from 2001 to 2003 and in appropriate intervals from 30 min to 6 h ...during five storm runoff events caused by each rainfall from 8 mm to 417 mm. The average annual loads of total nitrogen (TN) and total phosphorus (TP) were calculated to be 19.0 and 0.339 kg ha(-1) y(-1) from the periodical data by using the integration interval-loads method (ILM), which did not properly account for storm runoff loads. Three types of L(Q) equations (L = aQ(b)) were derived from correlations between loading rates L and flow rates Q obtained from the periodic observation and from storm runoff observation. L(Q) equation method (LQM), which was derived from the storm runoff observation and allowed for the hysteresis of discharge of materials, gave 9.68 and 0.159 kg ha(-1) y(-1), respectively, by substitution of the sequential hourly data of flow rates. L(R) equation (L = c(R - r)d) was derived from the correlations between the loads and the effective rainfall depth (R - r) measured during the storm runoff events, and L(R) equation method (LRM) calculated 9.83 +/- 1.68 and 0.175 +/- 0.0761 kg ha(-1) y(-1), respectively, by using the rainfall data for the past 16 years. The atmospheric input-fluxes of TN and TP were 16.5 and 0.791 kg ha(-1) y(-1).
In 2001, the authors described the clinical features of a genetically distinct autosomal dominant limb-girdle muscular dystrophy (LGMD; LGMD 1F). Using a genome-wide screen with more than 400 ...microsatellite markers, the authors identified a novel LGMD disease locus at chromosome 7q32.1-32.2. Within this chromosomal region, filamin C, a gene encoding actin binding protein highly expressed in muscle, was an obvious candidate gene; however, the authors did not detect any defects in filamin C or its protein product.
Development of an internationally recognized standard for the Hershberger assay as a screening tool to detect potential (anti-)androgenic chemicals is in progress. In the present preliminary study, ...we evaluated the reliability of the enhanced Hershberger assay to detect thyroid hormone modulating activity, while concentrating attention on possible confounding influence on evaluation of (anti-)androgenic activity. Castrated or testosterone propionate (TP; 0.2 or 0.25 mg/kg/day)-injected castrated male Crj:CD(SD) IGS rats (seven weeks of age) were dosed for 10 days by oral gavage with vehicle (corn oil) or the following chemicals: propylthiouracil (PTU; 2.5 mg/kg/day), a potent inhibitor of thyroid hormone synthesis, phenobarbital (PB; 125 mg/kg/day) and 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p′-DDE; 100 mg/kg/day), two hepatic enzyme inducers that enhance the clearance of thyroid hormones. PTU markedly increased thyroid weights, and decreased serum T3 and T4, and increased serum TSH, also causing marked microscopic alteration of the thyroid gland. In comparison, PB and p,p′-DDE only significantly affect serum T4 and revealed some histopathological findings. The alterations appeared to be more robust in the presence of TP. Furthermore, data for p,p′-DDE demonstrated its anti-androgenic effects, whereas PTU and PB had little or no effects on the weights of androgen-related accessory glands/tissues: the ventral prostate, dorso-lateral prostate, seminal vesicles with coagulating glands, glans penis, Cowper's glands, and levator ani plus bulbocavernosus (LABC) muscles. Weight of the LABC muscles was decreased by PB treatment in TP-treated castrated rats. These findings in the present study suggests that the enhanced Hershberger assay, with evaluation of thyroid histopathology and weights, and hormone levels, appears to be reliable for screening for not only (anti-)androgenic chemicals but also thyroid hormone modulators. In order to evaluate whether the sensitivity and specificity of such a thyroid assay is great enough for routine screening purposes, future experiments including dose-response studies using lower dose levels have to be performed.
Superfluid 3He A-like and B-like phases in 98% aerogel have been studied under rotation up to 2πrad/s by using cw-NMR and Homogeneous Pressing Domain (HPD) NMR at 29mT and 3.0MPa. We studied the ...dissipation of the HPD in aerogel and found that the HPD-mode was destroyed by onset of the thermal runaway for sufficient large sample under a large field gradient. From the field dependence of the onset of thermal runaway, we estimated dissipation of the HPD in aerogel and compared with that of the bulk B-phase. When angular velocity of rotation goes beyond Ωc, vortices are introduced and pinned. We estimate roughly the excess dissipation due to vortices and compare it with that of vortices in bulk B-phase.
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