•Post-COVID-19 patients may incur myocardial involvement secondary to systemic inflammation. Compared to heathy controls, post-COVID-19 patients had raised T2 mapping values, but similar native T1, ...Feature Tracking-Circunferencial Strain and Feature Tracking-Radial Strain values. When study group patients were sub-grouped according to contact-to-CMR interval (<8 weeks and ≥8 weeks), we found lower FT-CS and FT-RS values for the shorter interval.
Post-COVID-19 patients may incur myocardial involvement secondary to systemic inflammation. Our aim was to detect possible oedema/diffuse fibrosis using cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) mapping and to study myocardial deformation of the left ventricle (LV) using feature tracking (FT).
Prospective analysis of consecutively recruited post-COVID-19 patients undergoing CMR. T1 and T2 mapping sequences were acquired and FT analysis was performed using 2D steady-state free precession cine sequences. Statistical significance was set to p < 0.05.
Included were 57 post-COVID-19 patients and 20 healthy controls, mean age 59 ± 15 years, men 80.7%. The most frequent risk factors were hypertension (33.3%) and dyslipidaemia (36.8%). The contact-to-CMR interval was 81 ± 27 days. LV ejection fraction (LVEF) was 61 ± 10%. Late gadolinium enhancement (LGE) was evident in 26.3% of patients (19.3%, non-ischaemic). T2 mapping values (suggestive of oedema) were higher in the study patients than in the controls (50.9 ± 4.3 ms vs 48 ± 1.9 ms, p < 0.01). No between-group differences were observed for native T1 nor for circumferential strain (CS) or radial strain (RS) values (18.6 ± 3.3% vs 19.2 ± 2.1% (p = 0.52) and 32.3 ± 8.1% vs 33.6 ± 7.1% (p = 0.9), respectively). A sub-group analysis for the contact-to-CMR interval (<8 weeks vs ≥ 8 weeks) showed that FT-CS (15.6 ± 2.2% vs 18.9 ± 2.6%, p < 0.01) and FT-RS (24.9 ± 5.8 vs 33.5 ± 7.2%, p < 0.01) values were lower for the shorter interval.
Post-COVID-19 patients compared to heathy controls had raised T2 values (related to oedema), but similar native T1, FT-CS and FT-RS values. FT-CS and FT-RS values were lower in post-COVID-19 patients undergoing CMR after < 8 weeks compared to ≥ 8 weeks.
El periodismo actual gira alrededor de dos ejes: el social y el tecnológico. Al igual que las dos caras de Jano, el dios de la mitología romana, los dos ejes son complementarios y representan el ...principio y el final de un proceso que no puede entenderse sin relacionar ambas dimensiones. El escenario digital, aunque ha convertido el viejo perfil del profesional romántico del periodismo en un recuerdo, no ha enterrado su dimensión social sino que la ha aumentado. Ahora conviven los compromisos con el servicio público y la información veraz con la informatización y la programación que alimentan la sociedad red. En este artículo se analizan, a partir de varios estudios y del trabajo sobre el estado de la cuestión, las amenazas y desafíos de una técnica de comunicación social en transformación de la mano de la tecnificación digital.
Background: The role of oral antibiotic prophylaxis (OAP) and mechanical bowel preparation (MBP) in the prevention of surgical site infection (SSI) after colorectal surgery is still controversial. ...The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of a bundle including both measures in a National Infection Surveillance Network in Catalonia. Methods: Pragmatic cohort study to assess the effect of OAP and MBP in reducing SSI rate in 65 hospitals, comparing baseline phase (BP: 2007–2015) with implementation phase (IP: 2016–2019). To compare the results, a logistic regression model was established. Results: Out of 34,421 colorectal operations, 5180 had SSIs (15.05%). Overall SSI rate decreased from 18.81% to 11.10% in BP and IP, respectively (OR 0.539, CI95 0.507–0.573, p < 0.0001). Information about bundle implementation was complete in 61.7% of cases. In a univariate analysis, OAP and MBP were independent factors in decreasing overall SSI, with OR 0.555, CI95 0.483–0.638, and OR 0.686, CI95 0.589–0.798, respectively; and similarly, organ/space SSI (O/S-SSI) (OR 0.592, CI95 0.494–0.710, and OR 0.771, CI95 0.630–0.944, respectively). However, only OAP retained its protective effect at both levels at multivariate analyses. Conclusions: oral antibiotic prophylaxis decreased the rates of SSI and O/S-SSI in a large series of elective colorectal surgery.
Los medios de comunicación y sus audiencias se encuentran actualmente inmersos en una fase de adaptación al universo 2.0, en el que son las generaciones educadas plenamente en un entorno digital las ...que desarrollan nuevos modelos de conducta frente al consumo de información. Objetivo y metodología. Con el fin de analizar las pautas de comportamiento de los millennials, se ha diseñado una metodología cualitativa basada en el seguimiento diario de un grupo de Facebook y en la realización de encuestas sobre su consumo durante las elecciones generales del 20 de diciembre de 2015. Resultados. Aunque la televisión prevalece como medio de información durante el periodo preelectoral, se constata la utilización de otros dispositivos electrónicos y la influencia de los social media. Discusión y conclusiones. Las redes sociales complementan la experiencia informativa de los jóvenes, marcando una posible pauta de lo que será el consumo informativo en los próximos años.
Abstract
Background
There is controversy regarding the maximum number of elements that can be included in a surgical site infection prevention bundle. In addition, it is unclear whether a bundle of ...this type can be implemented at a multicentre level.
Methods
A pragmatic, multicentre cohort study was designed to analyse surgical site infection rates in elective colorectal surgery after the sequential implementation of two preventive bundle protocols. Secondary outcomes were to determine compliance with individual measures and to establish their effectiveness, duration of stay, microbiology and 30-day mortality rate.
Results
A total of 32 205 patients were included. A 50% reduction in surgical site infection was achieved after the implementation of two sequential sets of bundles: from 18.16% in the Baseline group to 10.03% with Bundle-1 and 8.19% with Bundle-2. Bundle-2 reduced superficial-surgical site infection (OR 0.74 (95% c.i. 0.58 to 0.95); P = 0.018) and deep-surgical site infection (OR 0.66 (95% c.i. 0.46 to 0.93); P = 0.018) but not organ/space-surgical site infection (OR 0.88 (95% c.i. 0.74 to 1.06); P = 0.172). Compliance increased after the addition of four measures to Bundle-2. In the multivariable analysis, for organ/space-surgical site infection, laparoscopy, oral antibiotic prophylaxis and mechanical bowel preparation were protective factors in colonic procedures, while no protective factors were found in rectal surgery. Duration of stay fell significantly over time, from 7 in the Baseline group to 6 and 5 days for Bundle-1 and Bundle-2 respectively (P < 0.001). The mortality rate fell from 1.4% in the Baseline group to 0.59% and 0.6% for Bundle-1 and Bundle-2 respectively (P < 0.001). There was an increase in Gram-positive bacteria and yeast isolation, and reduction in Gram-negative bacteria and anaerobes in organ/space-surgical site infection.
Conclusions
The addition of measures to create a final 10-measure protocol had a cumulative protective effect on reducing surgical site infection. However, organ/space-surgical site infection did not benefit from the addition. No protective measures were found for organ/space-surgical site infection in rectal surgery. Compliance with preventive measures increased from Bundle-1 to Bundle-2.
A pragmatic, multicentre cohort study was designed to analyse surgical site infection rates in elective colorectal surgery after sequential application of two preventive bundle protocols. A 50% reduction in surgical site infections was achieved in a cohort of 32 205 patients after sequential application of the bundles. The addition of four supplementary measures to create a final 10-measure protocol increased compliance, but only incisional surgical site infections benefited from the addition, while organ/space-surgical site infections did not.
Virtual communities are constituted as places of interaction of the actors that make up the digital ecosystem. The proliferation of social networks and user participation are influencing media ...communication strategies, particularly digital native media. The object of study of this work is the virtual communities that native digital media establish in social networks. The main objective of the research is to understand the virtual communities of native digital media from a representative sample that allows evaluating the production and interactions they establish with their audiences and the relationships with other media. It is also interesting to know both the production of the media and the level of interaction with their audiences. The method used is digital ethnography based on the analysis of the selected native digital media platforms and their social networks. The research results show social networks as necessary extensions and main places where digital native media interact with their audiences. The media analyzed coincide in the networks they use to expand the communicative and participation experience. There is a specific and differentiated use of each of the social networks integrated into the ecosystem of information brands. It can also be concluded that the vast majority of the accounts followed by the media analyzed are ideologically or business-related, therefore creating an “echo chamber” effect in the form of information bubbles in line with similar ideological lines.
To assess the impact of corticosteroids on inflammatory and respiratory parameters of patients with COVID-19 and acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS).
Longitudinal, retrospective, observational ...study conducted in an ICU of a second level hospital. Adult patients with COVID-19 were included. Baseline characteristics, data on SARS-CoV-2 infection, treatment received, evolution of respiratory and inflammatory parameters, and ICU and hospital stay and mortality were analyzed.
A total of 27 patients were included, 63% men, median age: 68.4 (51.8, 72.2) years. All patients met ARDS criteria and received MV and corticosteroids. After corticosteroids treatment we observed a reduction in the O2 A-a gradient day 0: 322 (249, 425); day 3: 169 (129.5, 239.5) p<0.001; day 5: 144 (127.5, 228.0) p<0.001; day 7: 192 (120, 261) p=0.002 and an increase in the pO2/FiO2 ratio on days 3 and 5, but not on day 7 day 0: 129 (100, 168); day 3: 193 (140, 236) p=0.002; day 5: 183 (141, 255) p=0.004; day 7: 170 (116, 251) p=0.057. CRP also decreased on days 3 and 5 and increased again on day 7 day 0: 16 (8.6, 24); day 3: 3.4 (1.7, 10.2) p<0.001; day 5: 4.1 (1.4, 10.2) p<0.001; day 7: 13.5 (6.8, 17.3) p=0.063. Persistence of moderate ARDS on day 7 was related to a greater risk of poor outcome (OR 6.417 1.091-37.735, p=0.040).
Corticosteroids appears to reduce the inflammation and temporarily improve the oxygenation in COVID-19 and ARDS patients. Persistence of ARDS after 7 days treatment is a predictor of poor outcome.
The emergence of Zika virus (ZIKV) represents a threat with consequences on maternal and children's health. We aimed to assess the clinical and epidemiological characteristics of pregnant women ...returning from ZIKV affected areas, and the effects of maternal ZIKV infection on birth outcomes and children's health.
This was a hospital-based prospective observational study conducted at the Hospital Clínic of Barcelona and Hospital Sant Joan de Déu, Barcelona, Spain, from January 2016 to February 2020.
One hundred and ninety-five pregnant women who had travelled to ZIKV affected areas during pregnancy were recruited. Four women (2.1%) had a confirmed ZIKV infection, 40 women (20.5%) a probable infection, and 151 (77.4%) were negative for ZIKV. Among the ZIKV confirmed cases, a pregnant woman suffered a miscarriage, highly plausible to be associated with ZIKV infection. Brain cysts and microcalcifications were detected in 7% of fetuses or infants from women with confirmed or probable ZIKV infection. Neurodevelopmental delay in the language function was found in 33.3% out of the 21 children evaluated.
These findings contribute to the understanding of ZIKV prevalence estimates, and the impact of maternal ZIKV infection on pregnancy outcomes and children's health. Results highlight the importance of long-term surveillance in pregnant travellers and their children.
•Pregnant travellers to ZIKV endemic areas are at risk of acquiring ZIKV infection and suffering consequences on pregnancy.•ZIKV infection is associated with poor pregnancy outcomes such as miscarriage.•Exposure to ZIKV in uterus is associated with neurodevelopmental impairment.•Language function is the most affected domain in children's neurodevelopment.
Este trabajo pretende conocer cómo se producen las intersecciones de la tecnología con la práctica profesional en algunas de las corrientes periodísticas que más emplean las nuevas herramientas: el ...periodismo multimedia, el periodismo inmersivo y el periodismo de datos. El gran dilema del periodismo en la preparación de los profesionales (especialmente jóvenes) no pasa tanto por la incorporación de tecnologías y herramientas como por mejorar sus competencias y habilidades con un perfil que aproveche las oportunidades del modelo computacional manteniendo la esencia periodística. El objetivo es doble: responder a las preguntas sobre qué herramientas emplean los profesionales para elaborar piezas periodísticas con estas técnicas y qué conocimientos y habilidades tecnológicas no eran precisas para el periodismo del siglo XX pero sí en el del siglo XXI. Partiendo de la revisión de informes de las organizaciones profesionales o institutos de relevancia internacional se diseñó una investigación exploratoria sobre el trabajo de 25 periodistas europeos y americanos, y se eligieron tres casos de estudio que permiten concluir que la matriz tecnológica no solo no desaparecerá, sino que puede incrementarse porque el proceso de cambio y tecnologización no tiene marcha atrás y exige evolucionar y adaptarse a nuevas dinámicas de trabajo en equipos multidisciplinares donde el diálogo entre periodistas y tecnólogos debe ser fluido. Diferentes perspectivas alimentan la doble vía de las competencias y habilidades en los perfiles del actual periodista tecnólogo que los profesionales perciben que demanda el ecosistema actual. PALABRAS CLAVE Ciberperiodismo, cibermedios, comunicación digital, multimedia, periodismo digital, prensa, producción mediática, tecnología. The paper aims at understanding the intersections between technology and the professional practices in some of the new trends in journalism that are using the new tools: multimedia journalism, immersive journalism and data journalism. The great dilemma facing journalism when training new professionals--especially the youngest--is not anymore the training in new technologies anymore. The main concern lies in taking advantage of their skills to create a new computational model while keeping the essence of journalism. There is a twofold objective: answering questions about which tools are being used to produce pieces of news, and which kind of knowledge is needed in the present century. Based on the review of reports from professional organizations and institutes, it was developed an exploratory research to 25 European and American journalists was developed. We have selected three cases of study. They allowed us to conclude that the technology matrix is going to remain and that change and digital process is not turning back and demands to evolve and adapt to new dynamics of work in multidisciplinary teams where the debate between journalists and technologists must be ongoing. Different approaches nourish the double way of skills and competences in the profiles of the current technological journalist, which professionals perceive as a demand in the present ecosystem. KEYWORDS Cyberjournalism, cybermedia, digital communication, multimedia, digital journalism, press, media production, technology.
PDF
