In 2019, a major coral bleaching event affected reefs worldwide, including marginal reefs within the Abrolhos Bank (16°40′–19°40′S, 39°10′–37°20′W), the largest and richest coral reefs in the South ...Atlantic. Between March and May 2019, this area was affected by the strongest heatwave since 1985. The health trajectories of the branching hydrocoral
Millepora alcicornis
and the endemic reef-building coral
Mussismilia braziliensis
were recorded during this thermal stress event. The degree heating week value reached its historical maximum (DHW 19.65), causing bleaching in 100% of
Millepora alcicornis
and 80% of
Mussismilia braziliensis
colonies. Bleached
Millepora alcicornis
were rapidly covered by cyanobacteria, followed by algal turfs and calcareous algae, leading to 90% mortality. Conversely, 90% of
Mussismilia braziliensis
colonies recovered to a healthy state after bleaching. The high post-bleaching recovery capacity and resistance to mortality of this massive reef-building coral suggests these marginal reefs can be resilient to thermal stress events, despite losing structural complexity due to high mortality of branching and less abundant hydrocorals.
Hybridization between sea turtle species occurs with particularly high frequency at two adjacent nesting areas in northeastern Brazil. To understand the outcomes of hybridization and their ...consequences for sea turtle conservation, we need to evaluate the extent of hybridization occurrence and possible deleterious effects in the hybrid progeny. Thus, we investigated the hypothesis of the existence of a new hybrid spot offshore of Brazil's northeastern coast. The Abrolhos Archipelago is surrounded by the largest and richest coral reefs in the South Atlantic and is known to be a nesting site for loggerhead turtles (Caretta caretta). In this study, we performed a multidisciplinary investigation into levels of hybridization in sea turtles and their reproductive output in the Abrolhos beaches. Genetic data from mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) and six autosomal markers showed that there are first-generation hybrid females nesting in Abrolhos, resulting from crossings between hawksbill males (Eretmochelys imbricata) and loggerhead females, and backcrossed hatchlings from both parental species. The type and extent of hybridization were characterized using genomic data obtained with the 3RAD method, which confirmed backcrossing between F1 hybrids and loggerhead turtles. The reproductive output data of Abrolhos nests suggests a disadvantage of hybrids when compared to loggerheads. For the first time, we have shown the association between hybridization and low reproductive success, which may represent a threat to sea turtle conservation.
Lung donation is complex and sometimes the secretion retention makes it impossible. We report a case of a patient that was screened as potential lung donor with PaO2/FiO2 ratio below range. As in ...viable patients, the respiratory physiotherapist applied a ventilator-based group of techniques with removal of huge amount of secretions and consequent increase in the PaO2/FiO2 ratio that allowed the inclusion of the patient as potentially lung donor. The protocol was applied until the extraction day, with successful extraction and transplantation. We believe that respiratory physiotherapy could have a potential role in increasing lung viability.
The Ediacaran is a period characterized by the diversification of early animals and extensive neritic carbonate deposits. These deposits are still not well understood in terms of facies and carbon ...isotope composition (δ
13
C). In this study we focus on the Tamengo Formation, in southwestern Brazil, which constitutes one of the most continuous and well-preserved sedimentary record of the late Ediacaran in South America. We present new detailed lithofacies and stable isotopes data from two representative sections (Corcal and Laginha) and revise the paleoenvironmental and stratigraphic interpretation of the Tamengo Formation. The Corcal section consists of neritic deposits including shallow-water limestone beds, alternated with shale and subordinate marl beds. These facies yield specimens of the Ediacaran fossils
Cloudina lucianoi
and
Corumbella werneri
. On the other hand, the Laginha section shows more heterogeneous facies, such as impure carbonates, breccias, marls, and subordinate mudstone beds, as well as no evidence of
Corumbella werneri
. The stable carbon isotope record is also different between the two sections, despite belonging to the same unit. The Corcal section displays higher and more homogeneous δ
13
C values, consistent with those of Ediacaran successions worldwide. The Laginha section, instead, displays more variable δ
13
C values, which suggest the influence of local and post depositional processes. The difference between the two sections was attributed to the different distance from the shore. We propose that the difference is due to topographic variations of the continental platform, which, at the Laginha site, was steeper and controlled by extensional faults. Therefore, the Corcal section is a better reference for the Tamengo Formation, whereas the Laginha is more particular and influenced by local factors. Besides, the lithofacies associations of the Tamengo Formation are like those of the Doushantuo and Dengying formatios, in South China, with no significant biogenic carbonate buildups, and different from those of other important Ediacaran units, such as the Nama Group in Nmibia and the Buah Formation in Oman. Our work highlights the complexity and heterogeneity of Ediacaran carbonate platforms and of their carbon isotopic composition. In addition, we characterize the Corcal section as a possible reference for the Ediacaran in South America.
Studies in cholesterol-fed rabbits showed that anti-proliferative chemotherapeutic agents such as paclitaxel associated with solid lipid nanoparticles (LDE) have marked anti-atherosclerotic effects. ...In addition, association with LDE nearly abolishes paclitaxel toxicity. We investigated whether treatment with LDE-paclitaxel changes plaque progression by coronary CT angiography and is safe in patients with chronic coronary artery disease.
We conducted a prospective, randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled pilot study in patients with multi-vessel chronic coronary artery disease. Patients were randomized to receive IV infusions of LDE-paclitaxel (paclitaxel dose: 175 mg/m
body surface) or LDE alone (placebo group), administered every 3 weeks for 18 weeks. All participants received guideline-directed medical therapy. Clinical and laboratory safety evaluations were made at baseline and every 3 weeks until the end of the study. Analysis of inflammatory biomarkers and coronary CTA was also performed at baseline and 4 weeks after treatment.
Forty patients aged 65.6 ± 8 years, 20 in LDE-paclitaxel and 20 in placebo group were enrolled. Among those, 58% had diabetes, 50% had myocardial infarction, and 91% were in use of statin and aspirin. Baseline demographics, risk factors, and laboratory results were not different between groups. In all patients, no clinical or laboratory toxicities were observed. From the baseline to the end of follow-up, there was a non-significant trend toward a decrease in IL-6 levels and hsCRP in the LDE-paclitaxel group (-16% and -28%, respectively), not observed in placebo. Regarding plaque progression analysis, variation in plaque parameter values was wide, and no difference between groups was observed.
In patients with multivessel chronic coronary artery disease and optimized medical therapy, LDE-paclitaxel was safe and showed clues of potential benefits in reducing inflammatory biomarkers.
https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT04148833, identifier (NCT04148833).
This study aimed to evaluate the impact of home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide on the quality of life and aesthetic perception of patients.
A total of 107 patients between 18 and 38 years of ...age with good oral and general health and at least one anterior tooth in color A2 or darker were selected. Patients who previously underwent any type of bleaching procedures were excluded. All patients received a home bleaching treatment with 10% carbamide peroxide. Before beginning the bleaching treatment, the selected patients responded a form with the Oral Health Impact Profile short form (OHIP-14) and Oral Aesthetic Subjective Impact Scale (OASIS) questionnaire. One month after the bleaching treatment, the patients answered the same questionnaires again. The mean ΔE after bleaching was obtained for the canines and lateral and central incisors. The OHIP-14 and OASIS data were measured for the total sample before and after bleaching using the Wilcoxon signed-rank test with a 5% significance level.
The effectiveness of whitening by significant color variation was observed in all groups of teeth with less variation in ΔE for central incisors. Comparing before and after bleaching, there was no significant difference in impact for any of the seven domains and total OHIP-14 scores, although a decrease was observed in the discomfort and psychological disability domains. As for the self-perception of dental aesthetics, measured by the OASIS, there was also no significant difference for all the items evaluated; however, it was possible to observe an increase in "concern with dental appearance" after bleaching.
Home bleaching with 10% carbamide peroxide did not have a significant impact on patients' quality of life and aesthetic perception, although there was a decrease in the domain of psychological discomfort and an increase in concerns about dental appearance.
Tooth Bleaching, quality of life, self-perception, dental aesthetics.
RESUMO Os ciclos hidrológicos e hidrossedimentológicos estão diretamente relacionados, sendo possível observar a influência do primeiro no segundo na alteração que a dinâmica dos sedimentos nos ...cursos hídricos sofre em razão da vazão (Q) e da precipitação. Diversas pesquisas buscam estudar a relação entre os dois ciclos e avaliar a influência das características hidrológicas nos parâmetros de qualidade de água, tais como os sedimentos em suspensão, como forma de identificar novos métodos e conhecimentos que auxiliem no tratamento de águas e no manejo das bacias hidrográficas. O presente trabalho teve como objetivos propor uma metodologia que permita relacionar os dados de precipitação com a concentração de sólidos suspensos (Css), estudar o comportamento sazonal da Css e investigar a ocorrência de Mass First Flush (MFF) no escoamento superficial dos eventos avaliados. Um amostrador automático programado coletou amostras de escoamento superficial de 28 eventos de precipitação, que foram encaminhadas a laboratório para determinação da Css. Paralelamente, realizou-se o monitoramento pluviométrico na região da coleta e a medição da altura da lâmina d’água do escoamento para a determinação da Q. O método proposto no trabalho, que considera a precipitação nos sete dias anteriores ao evento, obteve coeficientes de determinação (R²) de 0,7394 e 0,8154 para os dados de concentração de sólidos suspensos de pico ( C s s p i c o) e de concentração média de sólidos suspensos ( C s s m e d), respectivamente. Observou-se que o fenômeno de MFF ocorreu na maior parte dos eventos estudados, evidenciando o transporte da maior parte dos sólidos no início do escoamento. Observou-se ainda, na análise de sazonalidade, que as características das estações do ano/quantidade de precipitação têm influência direta no transporte de Css.
ABSTRACT The hydrological and hydrosedimentological cycles are directly related, being possible to observe the influence of the first on the second in the alteration that the dynamics of the sediments in the water courses undergo due to the flow (Q) and precipitation (P). Several studies seek to study the relationship between the two cycles and evaluate the influence of hydrological characteristics on water quality parameters, such as suspended sediments, as a way to identify new methods and knowledge that assist in the treatment of waters and management of watersheds. The present work aimed to propose a methodology that allows relating precipitation data with the concentration of suspended solids (Css), to study the seasonal behavior of the Css and to investigate the occurrence of Mass First Flush (MFF) in the surface flow of the evaluated events. A programmed automatic sampler collected runoff samples from 28 precipitation events, which were sent to the laboratory to determine the Css. At the same time, rainfall monitoring in the region of collection was carried out and the height of the flow water flow was measured to determine the flow. The method proposed in the study, which considers the precipitation in the seven days prior to the event, obtained coefficients of linear relationship with values of R² = 0.7394 and R² = 0.8154 for the peak ( C s s p e a k) and average ( C s s a v g) suspended solids concentration data, respectively. It was observed that the MFF phenomenon occurred in most of the events studied, showing the transport of most solids at the beginning of the flow. In the seasonality analysis, it was found that the characteristics of the seasons have a direct influence on Css transport.
The objectives of this study were to assess the adherence of
biofilms grown over conventional ligature (CL) or self-ligating (SL) metal brackets and their bacterial viability after 0.12% ...chlorhexidine (CHX) digluconate treatment.
The sample consisted of 48 metallic orthodontic brackets divided randomly into two groups: CL (n=24) and SL brackets (n=24).
biofilms were grown over the bracket surface (96 h) and treated with CHX (positive control) or 0.9% phosphate-buffered saline (PBS) (negative control) for 1 min each. Quantitative analysis was assessed by colony-forming units, and fluorescence microscopy was performed aiming to illustrate the outcomes. The tests were done in triplicate at three different times (n=9). Data were analyzed using ANOVA and Tukey test (
<0.05).
There were significant differences in brackets' biofilm formation, being CL largely colonized compared with SL, which was observed by colony-forming unit counting (
<0.05) and microcopy images. Significant reduction in the viability of
was found in both brackets treated with CHX compared to PBS (
<0.05).
The antimicrobial activities of CHX were similar for CL and SL brackets (
>0.05). In conclusion, a lower colonization was achieved in SL brackets and
biofilms were susceptible to CHX treatment to both studied brackets.
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