U današnje vrijeme velika pažnja se posvećuje kvaliteti proizvoda, brzini izrade razvoja modela, ispunjavanju ekoloških ciljeva, smanjenju potrošnje materijala, manjoj potrošnji električne energije i ...nizu drugih faktora utječu na ekonomske promjene koje izravno utječu na sve grane tehnologije pa tako i na sektor obućarstva koji je zadnjih godina u velikom usponu jer se sve veća pažnja posvećuje kvalitetno izrađenoj obući, što zbog zaštite stopala zbog vrste posla koji se obavlja, bolesti stopala i ostalih čimbenika koji su sve prisutniji. Obućarska industrija napreduje vrlo brzo, tržište koje se zadnjih godina uvelike promijenilo zbog pandemije zadaje nove izazove i potrebe. Jedan od ključnih tehnologija proizvodnje obuće u budućnosti je primjena aditivne proizvodnje koja svojim pristupom proizvodnji i tvornicama mijenja budućnost i utječe na ekonomski razvitak i suvremenizaciju obućarske tehnologije.
Citric acid and erythritol are obtained on an industrial scale using biotechnological methods. Due to the growing market demand for these products, research is underway to improve the process ...economics by introducing new microorganisms, in particular of the species
. The aim of this study was to evaluate transformants of
for growth and ability to overproduce citric acids and erythritol from glycerol. The transformants were constructed by overexpressing glycerol kinase, methylcitrate synthase and mitochondrial succinate-fumarate transporter in the mutant Wratislavia 1.31. Next, strains were assessed for biosynthesis of citrate (pH 5.5; nitrogen limitation) and erythritol (pH 3.0; high osmotic pressure) from glycerol. Regardless of culture conditions strains, 1.31.GUT1/6 and 1.31.GUT1/6.CIT1/3 exhibited high rates of substrate utilization. Under conditions favoring citrate biosynthesis, both strains produced several percent more citrates, accompanied by higher erythritol production compared to the parental strain. During erythritol biosynthesis, the strain 1.31.GUT1/6.CIT1/3.E34672g obtained as a result of co-expression of all three genes stood out, producing 84.0 g/L of erythritol with yield and productivity of 0.54 g/g and 0.72 g/Lh, respectively, which places it in the group of the highest-ranked producers of erythritol among
species.
The aim of this study was to analyze the relationship between levels of sST2, NT-proBNP and oxidative stress markers in patients with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) due to non-ischemic ...cardiomyopathy. A total of 88 patients with HFrEF were divided into four groups based on left ventricular ejection fraction (≤25% and >25%) and NYHA functional class (group 1-LVEF > 25% and NYHA class I or II; group 2-LVEF > 25% and NYHA class III or IV; group III-LVEF ≤ 25% and NYHA class I or II; group IV-LVEF ≤ 25% and NYHA class III or IV). In 39 (44.32%) patients LVEF was reduced below 25%, and 22 of them (56.41%) were in NYHA functional class III/IV. Of the 49 (55.68%) patients with LVEF ≥ 25%, only 18.37% were in NYHA functional class III/IV (
< 0.001). Patients with LVEF ≥ 25% had lower levels of NT-proBNP, total oxidant status (TOS), total antioxidant capacity (TAC), and oxidative stress index (OSI). The levels of NT-proBNP but not sST-2 correlated positively with NYHA functional class (
< 0.001) and negatively with LVEF (
< 0.001). The levels of sST-2 were associated with increased TAC (
= 0.009) and uric acid (
= 0.040). These findings indicate that only NT-proBNP was related to the severity of heart failure, whereas sST2 correlated with total antioxidant capacity. Therefore, in stable patients with HFrEF due to dilated cardiomyopathy, sST2 may be an additional biomarker reflecting the redox status, but not the severity of heart failure.
Pesticides in agricultural surface water runoff cause a major threat to freshwater systems. Installation of filter systems or constructed wetlands in areas of preferential run-off is a possible ...measure for pesticides abatement. To develop such systems, combinations of filter materials suitable for retention of both hydrophilic and hydrophobic organic pesticides were tested for pesticide removal in planted microcosms. The retention of six pesticides frequently detected in surface waters (bentazone, MCPA, metalaxyl, propiconazole, pencycuron, and imidacloprid) was evaluated in unplanted and planted pot experiments with novel bed material mixtures consisting of pumice, vermiculite, water super-absorbent polymer (SAP) for retention of ionic and water soluble pesticides, and synthetic hydrophobic wool for adsorption of hydrophobic pesticides. The novel materials were compared to soil with high organic matter content. The highest retention of the pesticides was observed in the soil, with a considerable translocation of pesticides into the plants, and low leaching potential, in particular for the hydrophobic compounds. However, due to the high retention of pesticides in soil, environmental risks related to their long term mobilization cannot be excluded. Mixtures of pumice and vermiculite with SAP resulted in high retention of i) water and ii) both hydrophilic and hydrophobic pesticides but with much lower leaching potential compared to the mineral systems without SAP. Mixtures of such materials may provide near natural treatment options in riparian strips and also for treatment of rainwater runoff without the need for water containment systems.
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•Pesticide retention was shown in organic soil and various potential wetland filter materials.•Water leaching occurs from all materials.•Plants reduce leaching of water and pesticides by evapotranspiration with highest effect in organic soil.•Water retention by super absorbent polymer accompanied by retention of dissolved pesticides•Overall pesticide retention: organic soil > super absorbent polymer > pumice/vermiculite
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