We considered the Boussinesq maximal estimate when $ n\geq1 $. We obtained the Boussinesq maximal operator $ \mathcal{B}_E^\ast f $ is bounded from $ L^2(\mathbb{R}^n) $ to $ L^2(\mathbb{R}^n) $ when ...$ f\in L^2(\mathbb{R}^n) $ and $ \text{supp}\; \hat f\subset B(0, \lambda) $.
Two new dimers of ambuic acid, pestaloversicoloric acids A (1) and B (2), and a known derivative, 13(S)-hydroxyambuic acid (3), were isolated from the static fermentation product of Pestalotiopsis ...versicolor. The structural identification was accomplished via analyses on the data of HR-MS, 1 D and 2 D NMR, and ECD. Different from the well-known exo-type dimer, torreyanic acid, compounds 1 and 2 represent the first example of endo-type product derived from the intermolecular Diels-Alder reaction of two molecules of ambuic acid derivative with the identical absolute stereochemistry.
The fly ash from the Jungar Power Plant, Inner Mongolia, China, is unique because it is highly enriched in alumina (Al
2O
3
>
50%). The fly ash mainly consists of amorphous glass and mullite and ...trace amounts of corundum, quartz, char, calcite, K-feldspar, clay minerals, and Fe-bearing minerals. The mullite content in fly ash is as high as 37.4% because of high boehmite and kaolinite contents in feed coal. Corundum is a characteristic mineral formed during the combustion of boehmite-rich coal.
Samples from the economizer were sieved into six size fractions (<
120, 120–160, 160–300, 300–360, 360–500, and >
500 mesh) and separated into magnetic, mullite
+
corundum
+
quartz (MCQ) and glass phases for mineralogical and chemical analysis. The corundum content increases but amorphous glass decreases with decreasing particle size. Fractions of small particle sizes are relatively high in mullite, probably because mullite was formed from fine clay mineral particles under high-temperature combustion condition. Similarly, fine corundum crystals formed in the boiler from boehmite in feed coal. The magnetic phase consists of hematite, magnetite, magnesioferrite, and MgFeAlO
4 crystals. The MCQ phase is composed of 89% mullite, 6.1% corundum, 4.5% quartz, and 0.5% K-feldspar.
Overall, the fly ash from the power plant is significantly enriched in Al
2O
3 with an average of 51.9%, but poor in SiO
2, Fe
2O
3, CaO, MgO, Na
2O, P
2O
5, and As. Arsenic, TiO
2, Th, Al
2O
3, Bi, La, Ga, Ni, and V are high in mullite, and the magnetic matter is enriched in Fe
2O
3, CaO, MnO, TiO
2, Cs, Co, As, Cd, Ba, Ni, Sb, MgO, Zn, and V. The remaining elements are high in the glass fraction. The concentration of K
2O, Na
2O, P
2O
5, Nb, Cr, Ta, U, W, Rb, and Ni do not clearly vary with particle size, while SiO
2 and Hg decrease and the remaining elements clearly increase with decreasing particle size.
Hyperglycemia fluctuation is associated with diabetes mellitus (DM) complications when compared to persistent hyperglycemia. Previous studies have shown that paeoniflorin (PF), through its ...antiapoptosis, anti-inflammation, and antithrombotic properties, effectively protects against cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease. However, the mechanism underlying the protection from PF against vascular injuries induced by hyperglycemia fluctuations remains poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the potential protective role of PF on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) subjected to intermittent glucose levels in vitro and in DM rats with fluctuating hyperglycemia in vivo. A remarkable increased apoptosis associated with elevated inflammation, increased oxidative stress, and high protein level of PKCβ1 was induced in HUVECs by intermittently changing glucose for 8 days, and PF recovered those detrimental changes. LY333531, a potent PKCβ1 inhibitor, and metformin manifested similar effects. Additionally, in DM rats with fluctuating hyperglycemia, PF protected against vascular damage as what has been observed in vitro. Taken together, PF attenuates the vascular injury induced by fluctuant hyperglycemia through oxidative stress inhibition, inflammatory reaction reduction, and PKCβ1 protein level repression, suggesting its perspective clinical usage.
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•Cu-doped LaFeO3 was studied as catalyst for Fenton-degradation of organics.•It was much more effective in degrading organic compared with undoped LaFeO3.•The mechanism for ...photo-Fenton degradation was studied.•Its application was optimized in terms of solution pH, H2O2 and catalyst dosage.•The excellent stability and reusability suggested its potential for practical use.
Cu-doped LaFeO3 was prepared by a facile hydrothermal reaction and evaluated as highly efficient photo-Fenton-like catalyst under visible light for organic degradation. The use of LFO-15Cu (LaFe0.85Cu0.15O3), which possessed favourable physicochemical characteristics, could achieve almost complete decolourisation of cation and anion dyes within 60min visible light irradiation. The mechanism study by ESR spectroscopy confirmed LFO-15Cu could activate H2O2 under visible light to generate many more hydroxyl radicals than LFO (LaFeO3). LFO-15Cu was proven with excellent stability and reusability; and in turn showed great potential for use in continuous photo-Fenton-like degradation of organic in water under visible light.
Studies examining the relation between climate and human conflict often focus on the role of temperature and have diverging views on the significance of other climatic variables. Using a 6-year (from ...2009 to 2014) dataset of crime statistics collected in a medium size city of Tangshan in China, we find strong, positive correlations between temperature and both violent and property crimes. In addition, relative humidity is also positively correlated with Rape and Minimal Violent Robbery (MVR). The seasonal cycle is a significant factor that induces good correlations between crime rates and climatic variables, which can be reasonably explained by the Routine Activity theory. We also show that the combined impacts of temperature and relative humidity on crime rates can be reasonably captured by traditional heat stress indices. Using an ensemble of CMIP5 global climate change simulations, we estimate that at the end of the 21st century the rates of Rape (violent crime) and MVR (property crime) in Tangshan will increase by 9.5±5.3% and 2.6±2.1%, respectively, under the highest emission scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5). The gross domestic product (GDP) is also shown to be significantly correlated with MVR rates and the regression results are strongly impacted by whether GDP is considered or not.
Display omitted We investigate herein whether violent and property crimes are associated with temperature, relative humidity and their combination, heat stress indices, using a 6-year dataset of crime statistics collected in a medium size city of Tangshan in China. Then we estimate that at the end of the 21st century the rates of Rape (violent crime) and Minimal Violent Robbery (property crime) in Tangshan will increase by 9.5±5.3% and 2.6±2.1%, respectively, under the highest emission scenario (Representative Concentration Pathway 8.5).
•There are strong, positive correlations between temperature and both violent and property crimes.•Relative humidity is also positively correlated with Rape and Minimal Violent Robbery (MVR).•The gross domestic product (GDP) is shown to significantly affect the MVR rates.•The seasonal cycle is a significant factor that induces good correlations between crimes and climatic variables.•At the end of the 21st century the rates of Rape and MVR in Tangshan will increase by about 9.5% and 2.6% under RCP8.5.
Two-dimensional (2D) metal–organic framework nanosheets (MONs) or membranes are classes of periodic, crystalline polymeric materials that may show unprecedented physicochemical properties due to ...their modular structures, high surface areas, and high aspect ratios. Yet preparing 2D MONs from multiple components and two different types of polymerization reaction remains challenging and less explored. Here, we report the synthesis of MOF films via interfacial polymerization, which involves three active monomers for simultaneous polycondensation and polycoordination taking place in a confined interface. The well-defined lamellar structure of the MOF films allowed feasible and scalable exfoliation to produce free-standing 2D MONs with high aspect ratio up to 2000:1 and ultrathin thickness (∼1.7 nm). The pore structure was revealed by high-resolution TEM images with near-atomic precision. The imide-linkage of MONs provided superior thermal (up to 530 °C) and good chemical stability in the pH range from 3 to 12. More importantly, the MONs exhibited exceptional catalytic activity and superior reusability for the hydroboration reactions of alkynes, in which the turnover frequency (TOF) reached 41734 h–1, which is 2–4 orders of magnitude greater than that reported for homogeneous and heterogeneous catalysts.
Uterine M1/M2 macrophages activation states undergo dynamic changes throughout pregnancy, and inappropriate macrophages polarization can cause adverse pregnancy outcomes, especially during the ...peri-implantation period. Our previous studies have confirmed that Cytochrome P450 26A1 (CYP26A1) can affect embryo implantation by regulating uterine NK cells and DCs. The aim of this study was to investigate whether CYP26A1 regulates the polarization of uterine macrophages in early pregnancy. Here, we observed that
was significantly upregulated in M1 as compared with M2 of uterine macrophages, Raw264.7 and iBMDM. Knockdown of CYP26A1 in mice uterine significantly decreased the number of embryo implantation sites and the proportion of CD45
F4/80
CD206
M1-like uterine macrophages. Primary uterine macrophages treated with anti-CYP26A1 antibody expressed significantly lower levels of M1 markers
,
,
and
. In CYP26A1 knockout Raw264.7 cells, the protein levels of M1 markers TNF-α, IL-6 and CD86 were significantly decreased as compared with the wild type cells. Moreover, CYP26A1 deficiency decreased the ability to produce nitric oxide and increased the phagocytosis capacity of Raw264.7 cells under M1 stimulation state. The re-introduction of CYP26A1 partially reversed the polarization levels of M1 in CYP26A1 knockout Raw264.7 cells. CYP26A1 may regulate the polarization of uterine macrophages to M1 through
and
. In summary, these results indicate that CYP26A1 plays a significant role in macrophage polarization, and knockdown of CYP26A1 can cause insufficient M1 polarization during the peri-implantation period, which has adverse effects on blastocyst implantation.
The pigmented rice has been consumed in China, Japan, and Korea for a long time. It has been used for strengthening kidney function, treating anemia, promoting blood circulation, removing blood ...stasis, treating diabetes, and ameliorating sight in traditional Chinese medicine. The extracts from pigmented rice are used as natural food colorants in bread, ice cream, and liquor as well as functional food. The pigmented rice is mainly black, red, and dark purple rice, and contains a variety of flavones, tannin, phenolics, sterols, tocols, γ-oryzanols, amino acids, and essential oils. Anthocyanins are thought as major functional components of pigmented rice. Several anthocyanins have been isolated and identified from the pigmented rice, including cyanidin 3-glucoside, cyanidin 3-galactoside, cyanidin 3-rutinoside, cyanidin 3,5-diglucoside, malvidin 3-galactoside, peonidin 3-glucoside, and pelargonidin 3,5-diglucoside. This review provides up-to-date coverage of pigmented rice in regard to bioactive constituents, extraction and analytical methods, and bioactivities. Special attention is paid to the bioactivities including antioxidant and free radical scavenging, antitumor, antiatherosclerosis, hypoglycemic, and antiallergic activities.
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