Background
Cancer diagnosis and treatment usually trigger positive and negative psychological health outcomes. Social support is a coping resource for psychological health outcomes. However, little ...research is available on the relationships between social support, body image, and overall psychological health outcomes in breast cancer (BC) patients. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of depressive symptoms and post-traumatic growth (PTG) and examine the mediating roles of social support between body image and depressive symptoms and PTG among BC patients, respectively.
Methods
A cross-sectional study was conducted in the Northeast China from December 2015 to August 2017. All the participants were diagnosed with BC and underwent surgery. This study was conducted with 405 BC patients from the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University. Participants completed the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression scale, Post Traumatic Growth Inventory, Body Image Scale, and Perceived Social Support Scale. The associations of social support, body image with depressive symptoms, and PTG were examined by hierarchical linear regression analysis. Asymptotic and resampling strategies were used to explore the mediating role of social support.
Results
The prevalence of depressive symptoms was 88.1%, and 67.2% of the patients had moderate-high PTG, 52.84% of the patients had body concerns, and 264 (65.19%) patients had high-level social support. Body image was positively associated with depressive symptoms (β = 0.445,
P
< 0.001) and social support was negatively associated with depressive symptoms (β = −0.219,
P
< 0.001). Body image was negatively associated with PTG (β = −0.095,
P
= 0.023), whereas social support was positively associated with PTG (β = 0.533,
P
< 0.001). Social support significantly mediated the associations among body image, depressive symptoms (effect size = 0.057), and PTG (effect size = −0.304), respectively.
Conclusions
Social support played mediating role in the relationships between body image and depressive symptoms and PTG. The interventions based on social support and body image should be included in psychological health prevention.
The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms and their associated factors in bladder and renal cancer patients are not well evaluated in China. Given the growing attention to positive ...psychological constructs in the field of oncology, it is necessary to explore the effects of these constructs on depressive and anxiety symptoms. This study aims to explore the associations of psychological stress with depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese bladder and renal cancer patients and the mediating role of resilience in these relationships.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at the First Affiliated Hospital of China Medical University in Liaoning province. 327 bladder cancer patients and 268 renal cancer patients completed questionnaires on demographic variables, the Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale, Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale, Resilience Scale-14, and Perceived Stress Scale-10 during the period from July 2013 to July 2014. Hierarchical linear regression analyses were performed to explore the mediating role of resilience.
The prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms was 78.0% and 71.3% in bladder cancer patients, and 77.6% and 68.3% in renal cancer patients. Psychological stress was positively related to depressive and anxiety symptoms, while resilience was negatively related to these symptoms. Resilience partially mediated the relations of psychological stress with depressive and anxiety symptoms.
The high prevalence of depressive and anxiety symptoms among Chinese bladder and renal cancer patients should receive more attention from medical institutions and government agencies. In addition to reducing depressive and anxiety symptoms, resilience development should be included in depression and anxiety prevention and treatment strategies in China.
Recently introduced quantized multipole topological insulators (QMTIs) reveal new types of gapped boundary states, which themselves represent lower-dimensional topological phases and host symmetry ...protected zero-dimensional corner states. Inspired by these predictions, tremendous efforts have been devoted to the experimental observation of quantized quadrupole topological phase. However, due to stringent requirements of anti-commuting reflection symmetries, it is challenging to achieve higher-order quantized multipole moments, such as octupole moments, in a three-dimensional structure. Here, we overcome this challenge, and experimentally realize the acoustic analogue of a quantized octupole topological insulator using negatively coupled resonators. We confirm by first-principle studies that our design possesses a quantized octupole topological phase, and experimentally demonstrate spectroscopic evidence of a hierarchy of boundary modes, observing 3
order topological corner states. Furthermore, we reveal topological phase transitions from higher- to lower-order multipole moments. Our work offers a pathway to explore higher-order topological states in 3D classical platforms.
ABSTRACTDeeper integration of cross-organizational business process sharing and process mining has advanced the Industrial Internet. Privacy breaches and data security risks limit its use. Scrambling ...or anonymizing event data frequently preserves privacy in established studies. The scrambling mechanism or random noise injection corrupts event log process information and lowers process mining outcomes. This research presents a blockchain-based privacy-aware reversible shared image approach using chaotic image and privacy-aware theory for privacy-preserving process mining. Avoiding data loss, disclosure concerns, correlation attacks, and encrypted sharing is possible with the method. First, process data is turned into color images with chaotic image encryption to safeguard privacy and allow reversible reproduction. Second, the on-chain-off-chain paradigm helps handle information lightly; finally, attribute encryption of multi-view event data for correlation resistance and on-demand data encryption sharing. Simulations on common datasets reveal that: 1. The system performance of the proposed method outperforms the baseline method by 57%. 2. The strategy greatly enhances categorical and numerical data privacy. 3. It performs better in event data privacy protection and process mining fitness and precision. The proposed method ensures the secure flow of cross-organizational information in the Industrial Internet and provides a novel privacy-secure computational approach for the growing Artificial Intelligence.
Complications of diabetes affect tissues throughout the body, including the central nervous system. Epidemiological studies show that diabetic patients have an increased risk of depression, anxiety, ...age-related cognitive decline, and Alzheimer's disease. Mice lacking insulin receptor (IR) in the brain or on hypothalamic neurons display an array of metabolic abnormalities; however, the role of insulin action on astrocytes and neurobehaviors remains less well studied. Here, we demonstrate that astrocytes are a direct insulin target in the brain and that knockout of IR on astrocytes causes increased anxiety- and depressive-like behaviors in mice. This can be reproduced in part by deletion of IR on astrocytes in the nucleus accumbens. At a molecular level, loss of insulin signaling in astrocytes impaired tyrosine phosphorylation of Munc18c. This led to decreased exocytosis of ATP from astrocytes, resulting in decreased purinergic signaling on dopaminergic neurons. These reductions contributed to decreased dopamine release from brain slices. Central administration of ATP analogs could reverse depressive-like behaviors in mice with astrocyte IR knockout. Thus, astrocytic insulin signaling plays an important role in dopaminergic signaling, providing a potential mechanism by which astrocytic insulin action may contribute to increased rates of depression in people with diabetes, obesity, and other insulin-resistant states.
Abstract
Background
Women with breast cancer are prone to have mental stress and be stimulated by the fear of progression (FOP), then giving rise to a lower quality of life (QOL). The study aimed to ...examine the relationships between FOP, social support and QOL, and further explore whether social support mediates the association between FOP and QOL among Chinese patients with breast cancer.
Methods
The cross-sectional study was conducted from October 2019 to May 2020 at Anshan Cancer Hospital in Liaoning, China. 244 female breast cancer patients completed questionnaires including the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy for Breast (FACT-B), Multi-Dimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), and Fear of Progression (FOP). Hierarchical multiple regression analysis was performed to assess the associations between FOP, social support and QOL. Asymptotic and resampling strategies were used to explore the mediating role of social support.
Results
The mean QOL score was 90.6 ± 17.0 among the patients with breast cancer. FOP was negatively correlated with QOL, while social support was positively related to QOL. Social support partly mediated the association between FOP and QOL, and the proportion of the mediating effect accounted for by social support was 25%.
Conclusions
Chinese breast cancer patients expressed low QOL. Social support could mediate the association between FOP and QOL. Medical staffs and cancer caregivers should alleviate patients’ FOP to improve their QOL by facilitating social support.
Albedo is a key variable in the study of global or regional earth system models. High-quality albedo products are helpful for the accurate analysis and prediction of the Earth's environment and ...climate. This paper analyzes the similarities and differences in several global-scale albedo products. The conclusions are as follows: (1) Ignoring the downward radiation weight leads to a maximum deviation of ±0.2 in the mean albedo in space and time; (2) Most of the products have good consistency at the global scale, especially after 2000, the consistency in the middle latitudes is better than that in the low latitudes and high latitudes; (3) Although there are obvious inter-annual variations and zonal differences in global mean albedo data from 2000 to 2020, the overall trend is not significant. The complex spatio-temporal variation of albedo requires high-quality remote sensing products to characterize its details. However, existing datasets do not show good agreement in these details, and more efforts are needed in this area.
Classical wave systems have constituted an excellent platform for emulating complex quantum phenomena, such as demonstrating topological phenomena in photonics and acoustics. Recently, a new class of ...topological states localized in more than one dimension of a
-dimensional system, referred to as higher-order topological (HOT) states, has been reported, offering an even more versatile platform to confine and control classical radiation and mechanical motion. Here, we design and experimentally study a 3D topological acoustic metamaterial supporting third-order (0D) topological corner states along with second-order (1D) edge states and first-order (2D) surface states within the same topological bandgap, thus establishing a full hierarchy of nontrivial bulk polarization-induced states in three dimensions. The assembled 3D topological metamaterial represents the acoustic analog of a pyrochlore lattice made of interconnected molecules, and is shown to exhibit topological bulk polarization, leading to the emergence of boundary states.
Skin macrophages are critical to maintain and restore skin homeostasis. They serve as major producers of cytokines and chemokines in the skin, participating in diverse biological processes such as ...wound healing and psoriasis. The heterogeneity and functional diversity of macrophage subpopulations endow them with multifaceted roles in psoriasis development. A distinct subpopulation of skin macrophages, characterized by high expression of CD169, has been reported to exist in both mouse and human skin. However, its role in psoriasis remains unknown. Here, we report that CD169+ macrophages exhibit increased abundance in imiquimod (IMQ) induced psoriasis-like skin lesions. Specific depletion of CD169+ macrophages in CD169-ditheria toxin receptor (CD169-DTR) mice inhibits IMQ-induced psoriasis, resulting in milder symptoms, diminished proinflammatory cytokine levels and reduced proportion of Th17 cells within the skin lesions. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis uncovers enhanced activity in CD169+ macrophages when compared with CD169− macrophages, characterized by upregulated genes that are associated with cell activation and cell metabolism. Mechanistically, CD169+ macrophages isolated from IMQ-induced skin lesions produce more proinflammatory cytokines and exhibit enhanced ability to promote Th17 cell differentiation in vitro. Collectively, our findings highlight the crucial involvement of CD169+ macrophages in psoriasis development and offer novel insights into the heterogeneity of skin macrophages in the context of psoriasis.
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•AAPH was used as oxidation inducer to construct the oxidative protein model.•Negative effects of oxidized protein were mainly caused by aggregation.•Ultrasound changed the ...intermolecular force to improve functional properties.•Excessive ultrasonic resulted in hydrophobic collapse and reaggregation.
Protein oxidation leads to covalent modification of structure and deterioration of functional properties of quinoa protein. The objective of this study was to investigate the effects of ultrasonic treatment on the functional and physicochemical properties of quinoa protein oxidation aggregates. In this concern, 2,2′-azobis (2-amidinopropane) dihydrochloride (AAPH) was selected as oxidative modification of quinoa protein. The microstructure of quinoa protein displayed by scanning electron microscope (SEM) indicated that oxidation induced extensive aggregation, leading to carbonylation and degradation of sulfhydryl groups. Aggregation induced by oxidation had a negative effect on the solubility, turbidity, emulsifying stability. However, according to the analysis of physicochemical properties, ultrasonic significantly improved the water solubility of quinoa protein. The quinoa protein treated by ultrasonic for 30 min exhibited the best dispersion stability in water, which corresponded to the highest ζ-potential, smallest particle size and most uniform distribution. Based on the FT-IR, SDS-PAGE and surface hydrophobicity analysis, the increase of α-helix, β-turn and surface hydrophobicity caused by cavitation effect appeared to be the main mechanism of quinoa protein solubilization. In addition, the hydrophobic region of the protein was re-buried by excessive ultrasonic treatment, and the protein molecules were reaggregated by disulfide bonds. Microstructural observations further confirmed that ultrasonic treatment effectively inhibited protein aggregation and improved the functional properties of quinoa protein.
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