Recent open innovation literature indicates increasing concern about the quality of crowdsourced ideas. Building on a framework of creativity capability, rooted in behavioral literature, and ...intrinsic (vs. extrinsic) motivation, derived from personnel economics and social psychology literature, this study predicts the influence of feedback on ideation performance. Specifically, the effectiveness of feedback on ideation performance in firm‐sponsored, non–financially incentivized, idea‐crowdsourcing communities may depend on its valence (positive vs. negative), source (peers vs. firm), and ideators’ ideation experience. Field data, obtained using text‐mining techniques from an idea‐crowdsourcing community, reveal that the effects of positive (negative) peer feedback for increasing (decreasing) subsequent idea quality strengthen (weaken) as ideators gain experience. However, the effects of positive (negative) firm feedback for increasing (decreasing) subsequent idea quality weaken with ideation experience. Experienced ideators are more motivated (less demotivated) to improve subsequent ideation performance when they receive positive peer (negative firm) feedback; inexperienced ideators are less motivated by negative peer feedback but more motivated by positive firm feedback. The results are robust to tests with alternative field data and model specifications, as validated by a controlled laboratory experiment. They also suggest feedback strategies that managers can use to boost customer ideation performance in crowdsourcing contexts.
Abstract
Background
Immigrants from culturally, ethnically, and linguistically diverse countries face many challenges during the resettlement phase, which influence their access to healthcare ...services and health outcomes. The “Healthy Immigrant Effect” or the health advantage that immigrants arrive with is observed to deteriorate with increased length of stay in the host country.
Methods
An exploratory qualitative design, following a community-based research approach, was employed. The research team consisted of health researchers, clinicians, and community members. The objective was to explore the barriers to healthcare access among immigrants with limited English language proficiency. Three focus groups were carried out with 29 women and nine men attending English language classes at a settlement agency in a mid-sized city. Additionally, 17 individual interviews were carried out with healthcare providers and administrative staff caring for immigrants and refugees.
Results
A thematic analysis was carried out with transcribed focus groups and healthcare provider interview data. Both the healthcare providers and immigrants indicated that limited language proficiency often delayed access to available healthcare services and interfered with the development of a therapeutic relationship between the client and the healthcare provider. Language barriers also impeded effective communication between healthcare providers and clients, leading to suboptimal care and dissatisfaction with the care received. Language barriers interfered with treatment adherence and the use of preventative and screening services, further delaying access to timely care, causing poor chronic disease management, and ultimately resulting in poor health outcomes. Involving untrained interpreters, family members, or others from the ethnic community was problematic due to misinterpretation and confidentiality issues.
Conclusions
The study emphasises the need to provide language assistance during medical consultations to address language barriers among immigrants. The development of guidelines for recruitment, training, and effective engagement of language interpreters during medical consultation is recommended to ensure high quality, equitable and client-centered care.
Accessible housing is imperative to enabling independent living for many people with disabilities; yet, research consistently shows how people with disabilities often lack appropriate accessible ...housing and are more likely to experience unaffordable, insecure, and/or poor quality housing. Therefore, the aim of this study was to understand promising practices, policies and interventions regarding accessible independent housing for people with disabilities.
We conducted a scoping review that involved searching seven international literature databases that identified 4831 studies, 60 of which met our inclusion criteria.
The reviewed studies involved 18 countries over a 20-year period. Our review highlighted the following key trends: (1) removing barriers to obtaining accessible housing (e.g., advocacy, builders enhancing housing supply, subsidies and financial incentives); (2) policies influencing accessible housing; (3) interventions to enhance accessible housing (i.e., home modifications, smart homes, mobile applications and other experimental devices); and (4) the impact of accessible independent housing on health and wellbeing.
Our findings emphasize the importance of accessible housing for people with disabilities and the urgent need to advance accessible housing options.
A sensitive and selective electrochemical method was developed for the detection of DNA methylation, determination of DNA methyltransferase (MTase) activity and screening of MTase inhibitor. ...Methylene blue (MB) was employed as electrochemical indicator and DNA-modified gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) were used as signal amplification unit because the DNA strands in this composite have strong adsorption ability for MB. First, the thiolated single-stranded DNA S1 was self-assembled on gold electrode, hybridization between the lower portion of DNA S1 and its complementary DNA S2 formed an identical double-stranded tetranucleotide target sequence for both DNA adenine methylation (Dam) MTase and methylation-resistant endonuclease Mbo I, then the upper portion of DNA S1 was hybridized with its complementary DNA S3 modified on AuNPs to bring the DNA S3-AuNPs amplification units onto the electrode. The DNA S1/S2/S3-AuNPs bioconjugate has lots of DNA strands, and they can adsorb abundant MB. Mbo I endounuclease could not cleave the identical target sequence after it was methylated by Dam MTase. On the contrary, the sequence without methylation could be cleaved, which would decrease the amount of adsorbed MB. The presence of redox-active MB was detected electrochemically by differential pulse voltammetry (DPV). Thus, the activity of Dam MTase and methylation status were sensitively converted to the DNA S3-AuNPs amplified DPV signals. The DPV signal demonstrated a linear relationship with logarithm of Dam concentration ranging from 0.075 to 30U/mL, achieving a detection limit of 0.02U/mL (S/N=3). Also, screening of Dam MTase inhibitor 5-fluorouracil was successfully investigated using this fabricated sensor.
•We showed an electrochemical method to detect DNA methylation, MTase activity and its inhibitor.•DNA-AuNPs amplification units were adopted to obtain high sensitivity.•A relatively low detection limit of 0.02U/mL and a wide linear range of 0.075–30U/mL were obtained.•This method could be extended to detect other DNA MTase activity by exchanging DNA sequences.
The integration of human papillomavirus (HPV) is closely related to the occurrence of cervical cancer. However, little is known about the complete state of HPV integration into the host genome.
In ...this study, three HPV-positive cell lines, HeLa, SiHa, and CaSki, were subjected to NANOPORE long-read sequencing to detect HPV integration. Analysis of viral integration patterns using independently developed software (HPV-TSD) yielded multiple complete integration patterns for the three HPV cell lines.
We found distinct differences between the integration patterns of HPV18 and HPV16. Furthermore, the integration characteristics of the viruses were significantly different, even though they all belonged to HPV16 integration. The HPV integration in the CaSki cells was relatively complex. The HPV18 integration status in HeLa cells was the dominant, whereas the percentage of integrated HPV 16 in SiHa and CaSki cells was significantly lower. In addition, the virus sequences in the HeLa cells were incomplete and existed in an integrated state. We also identified a large number of tandem repeats in HPV16 and HPV18 integration. Our study not only clarified the feasibility of high-throughput long-read sequencing in the study of HPV integration, but also explored a variety of HPV integration models, and confirmed that viral integration is an important form of HPV in cell lines.
Elucidating HPV integration patterns will provide critical guidance for developing a detection algorithm for HPV integration, as well as the application of virus integration in clinical practice and drug research and development.
Crowdsourcing‐based new product development (NPD) involves consumers in contributing ideas as ideators in the ideation phase, and providing inputs as cocreators in self‐selected subtasks in the ...product development phase. The novelty of this NPD approach furnishes little understanding about the effect of crowds' self‐select participation into ideation and development subtasks, and this study aims to bridge this gap. This article draws on the attention allocation perspective of online knowledge sharing to identify the domains of ideator expertise based on the types of development subtasks they self‐selected to perform as cocreators in prior projects. It separately examines the impact of different domains of ideator expertise (marketing and engineering) and the interaction between ideators' expertise and cocreators' inputs on crowdsourcing‐based NPD outcomes. Large‐scale, longitudinal data from a crowdsourcing‐based NPD platform reveal that ideators' engineering expertise helps convert ideas into final products more than ideators' marketing expertise. In contrast, ideators' marketing expertise helps these products achieve more sales than ideators' engineering expertise. Moreover, final products achieve more sales if ideators' marketing expertise embedded in initial product ideas is later augmented with either marketing or engineering‐related development inputs by crowd cocreators. However, ideas generated by ideators with engineering expertise achieve fewer product sales when those ideas are complemented by more marketing‐related development inputs by cocreators. These findings extend crowdsourcing‐based NPD theory and furnish insight on managing crowdsourcing‐based NPD platforms.
PurposeTo compare chronic health status, utilization of healthcare services and life satisfaction among immigrant women and their Canadian counterparts.Design/methodology/approachA secondary analysis ...of national data from the Canadian Community Health Survey (CCHS), 2015–2016 was conducted. The survey data included 109,659 cases. Given the research question, only female cases were selected, which resulted in a final sample of 52,560 cases. Data analysis was conducted using multiple methods, including logistic regression and linear regression.FindingsRecent and established immigrant women were healthier than native-born Canadian women. While the Healthy Immigrant Effect (HIE) was evident among immigrant women, some characteristics related to ethnic origin and/or unhealthy dietary habits may deteriorate immigrant women's health in the long term. Immigrant women and non-immigrant women with chronic illnesses were both more likely to increase their use of the healthcare system. Notably, the present study did not find evidence that immigrant women under-utilized Canada's healthcare system. However, the findings showed that chronic health issues were more likely to decrease women's life satisfaction.Originality/valueThis analysis contributes to the understanding of immigrant women's acculturation by comparing types of chronic illnesses, healthcare visits, and life satisfaction between immigrant women and their Canadian counterparts.
Antibiotic-resistant bacteria have emerged as an imminent global threat. The lack of rapid and sensitive diagnostic techniques leaves health care providers with inadequate resources for guiding ...therapy and risks the lives of patients. The traditional plate culturing methods for identifying antibiotic-resistant bacteria is laborious and time-consuming. Bulk PCR (Polymerase Chain Reaction) and qPCR are limited by poor detection sensitivity, which is critical for the early-stage detection of bloodstream infections. In this study, we introduce a technique for detecting β-lactamase-producing bacteria at single-cell sensitivity based on a commercial β-lactamase sensor (Fluorocillin), droplet microfluidics, and a custom 3D particle counter. Bacteria-containing samples were encapsulated within picoliter-sized droplets at the single-cell level and cultured within water-in-oil droplets containing antibiotics and the Fluorocillin sensor. Then, fluorescent droplets were digitally quantified with the 3D particle counter, which is capable of analyzing milliliter-scale volumes of collected droplets within 10 min. The fluorescence signal from single-colony droplets was detectable in less than 5 h, and the 3D scanning was performed in less than 10 min, which was significantly faster than conventional culture-based methods. In this approach, the limit of detection achieved was about 10 bacterial cells per mL of sample, and the turnaround time from sample to result was less than 6 h. This study demonstrates a promising strategy for the detection of β-lactamase-producing bacteria using the recently developed IC 3D system.
There is a rise in problematic substance use among Canadian youth, which is precipitating a public health crisis. Interventions are needed to empower youth to mitigate substance use risks. Active ...youth involvement in substance use prevention is urgently needed to increase uptake and ownership of the process and outcome of the intervention. Arts-based interventions are ideal participatory action approaches that can empower young people to be active agents in substance use prevention. These approaches can help promote health, reduce harm, and change behaviours. Scoping reviews are a vital tool that can help the research team identify relevant interventions that can be adapted to a community.
This scoping review explores various arts-based substance use prevention interventions for youth. The scoping review used the iterative stages of Arksey and O'Malley to search Portal ERIC, Ovid MEDLINE, C.I.N.A.H.L., E.M.B.A.S.E., Web of Science, and A.P.A. PsycInfo and grey literature from Canadian Centre on Substance Use and Addiction and websites suggested by the Canadian Agency for Drugs and Technologies in Health. Inclusion criteria are a) articles utilizing arts-based intervention on substance use prevention; b) studies with a clearly defined intervention; c) intervention targeting the youth (age 12-17) and d) publications written in English. Thematic analysis was used to identify the main themes from the included articles.
Themes identified in a thematic synthesis of these studies included a) the intent of the intervention; b) intervention characteristics; and c) the perceived effectiveness of interventions. Art-based interventions increased knowledge and changed attitudes and practices on substance use among youth. Making the interventions aesthetically appealing and engaging, active youth involvement in the development of the intervention and developing youth-centred interventions which attended to the realities they faced were central to the success of these interventions.
The power market is a typical imperfectly competitive market where power suppliers gain higher profits through strategic bidding behaviors. Most existing studies assume that a power supplier is ...accessible to the sufficient market information to derive an optimal bidding strategy. However, this assumption may not be true in reality, particularly when a power market is newly launched. To help power suppliers bid with the limited information, a modified continuous action reinforcement learning automata algorithm is proposed. This algorithm introduces the discretization and Dyna structure into continuous action reinforcement learning automata algorithm for easy implementation in a repeated game. Simulation results verify the effectiveness of the proposed learning algorithm.
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