The impulsive vibration induced by human running and jumping, object falling, striking during decoration, etc., significantly disturbs the learning, work, and life of people through building ...structure transmission. To study the influence of impulsive vibration in buildings, a vacant frame building was selected as a tested building. The vibration at each floor besides hitting spot would be measured when a solid metal ball falling freely hit the first floor of this building. The vibration response at each floor caused by the excitation above was simulated through a finite element method. The parameters of the simulation model were optimized according to measured results. Furthermore, the influence of building structure, the total amount of stories, and slab dimension on the transmission of vibration from 1 Hz to 80 Hz which can be perceived by human bodies was quantitatively studied. Results showed that the vertical weighted vibration acceleration level at each floor linearly decreased with the increase of the logarithm of the distance between each floor and the hitting spot. A prediction model of vertical weighted vibration acceleration level from 1 Hz to 80 Hz induced by the impulsive vibration in buildings was developed according to simulation results. The corrections relating to the number of story, building structure, slab span, slab length-to-width ratio, and slab thickness were respectively introduced in the model which can predict the vertical weighted vibration acceleration level at each floor above the hitting spot. The results of this study can provide a basis for the prediction and control of impulsive vibration caused by an impact source with great stiffness in buildings.
The American Joint Committee on Cancer (AJCC) and the European Neuroendocrine Tumor Society (ENETS) staging classifications are two broadly used systems for pancreatic neuroendocrine tumors. This ...study aims to identify the most accurate and useful tumor-node-metastasis (TNM) staging system for poorly differentiated pancreatic neuroendocrine carcinomas (pNECs).
An analysis was performed to evaluate the application of the ENETS, 7th edition (7th) AJCC and 8th edition (8th) AJCC staging classifications using the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) registry (N = 568 patients), and a modified system based on the analysis of the 7th AJCC classification was proposed.
In multivariable analyses, only the 7th AJCC staging system allocated patients into four different risk groups, although there was no significant difference. We modified the staging classification by maintaining the T and M definitions of the 7th AJCC staging and adopting new staging definitions. An increased hazard ratio (HR) of death was also observed from class I to class IV for the modified 7th (m7th) staging system (compared with stage I disease; HR for stage II =1.23, 95% confidence interval (CI) = 0.73-2.06, P = 0.44; HR for stage III =2.20, 95% CI =1.06-4.56, P = 0.03; HR for stage IV =4.95, 95% CI =3.20-7.65, P < 0.001). The concordance index (C-index) was higher for local disease with the m7th AJCC staging system than with the 7th AJCC staging system.
The m7th AJCC staging system for pNECs proposed in this study provides improvements and may be assessed for potential adoption in the next edition.
Several residential areas in Dalian, north of China, were selected to investigate the influence of combined traffic noise pollution on urban residents. The software Cadna/A was used to estimate the ...day-night equivalent noise level (Ldn) at 1m from the windows of each building, which were modified according to the actual data. Annoyance has been identified as the most important psychological impact of noise. A face-to-face survey on annoyance was carried out among 1536 local residents between the ages of 15 and 75 years. In this study, the relationship between the percentage of “highly annoyed” persons (%HA) and Ldn was determined. The Ldn was measured and identified as railway dominant noise, road traffic dominant noise or road–rail combined traffic noise. We find that when Ldn>63.5 dB, the %HA due to the road–rail combined traffic noise was significantly higher than that due to the one dominant noise source with the same Ldn. Thus, it is suggested that the planning permission buildings whose Ldn of road–rail combined traffic noise exceeds 63.5–dB be reviewed more strictly. The relationships between %HA induced by different traffic noise and the distance to transportation artery (s) were analyzed. The results showed that as the distance to transportation artery increased, the %HA due to different traffic noise gradually decreased. Furthermore, the %HA due to the road traffic dominant noise at close range (1m≤s≤50m) was lower than that at a more remote location (51m≤s≤100m), which might be ascribed to the greater tolerance of the noise by the residents.
► The influence of combined traffic noise on urban residents was investigated. ► Day-night equivalent noise level was measured and identified. ► The percentage of highly annoyed persons at different day–night equivalent noise level was determined. ► The percentage of highly annoyed persons at different distances from the traffic artery was analyzed. ► Some original proposals of planning traffic arteries were put forward.
Power supply instability in the grid has been exacerbated by the rapid development of new energy generation methods. Notably, large-scale energy storage is the most practical solution to this ...problem. Meanwhile, in China, an effective method of reusing the increasing number of abandoned coal mines is urgently required. Accordingly, building compressed air energy storage (CAES) plants along the roadways of abandoned coal mines can serve as a viable energy storage method while repurposing these mines. This study examined the effect of the lower limit of air pressure (LLAP) on the stability of coal mine roadways in CAES applications by considering an ongoing pilot CAES coal mine in Chongqing, China. The findings indicate that the LLAP has a positive correlation with the roadway stability provided the frequency of air injection/extraction and upper limit of air pressure are constant. Over 10 years of CAES operation, a higher LLAP corresponds to less overall deformation of the roadway and top slab subsidence, and smaller plastic zone volume. Furthermore, the first main principle stress also decreases as the LLAP increases. According to the findings of this paper, the LLAP for the actual operation of CAES should be adjusted upwards as appropriate, which help to improve the geological stability of CAES roadways.
Background:
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) is the most invasive and metastatic subtype of breast cancer. SUMO1-activating enzyme subunit 1 (SAE1), an E1-activating enzyme, is indispensable for ...protein SUMOylation. SAE1 has been found to be a relevant biomarker for progression and prognosis in several tumor types. However, the role of SAE1 in TNBC remains to be elucidated.
Methods:
In the research, the mRNA expression of SAE1 was analyzed
via
the cancer genome atlas (TCGA) and gene expression omnibus (GEO) database. Cistrome DB Toolkit was used to predict which transcription factors (TFs) are most likely to increase SAE1 expression in TNBC. The correlation between the expression of SAE1 and the methylation of SAE1 or quantity of tumor-infiltrating immune cells was further invested. Single-cell analysis, using CancerSEA, was performed to query which functional states are associated with SAE1 in different cancers in breast cancer at the single-cell level. Next, weighted gene coexpression network (WGCNA) was applied to reveal the highly correlated genes and coexpression networks of SAE1 in TNBC patients, and a prognostic model containing SAE1 and correlated genes was constructed. Finally, we also examined SAE1 protein expression of 207 TNBC tissues using immunohistochemical (IHC) staining.
Results:
The mRNA and protein expression of SAE1 were increased in TNBC tissues compared with adjacent normal tissues, and the protein expression of SAE1 was significantly associated with overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Correlation analyses revealed that SAE1 expression was positively correlated with forkhead box M1 (FOXM1) TFs and negatively correlated with SAE1 methylation site (cg14042711) level. WGCNA indicated that the genes coexpressed with SAE1 belonged to the green module containing 1,176 genes. Through pathway enrichment analysis of the module, 1,176 genes were found enriched in cell cycle and DNA repair. Single-cell analysis indicated that SAE1 and its coexpression genes were associated with cell cycle, DNA damage, DNA repair, and cell proliferation. Using the LASSO COX regression, a prognostic model including SAE1 and polo-like kinase 1 (PLK1) was built to accurately predict the likelihood of DFS in TNBC patients.
Conclusion:
In conclusion, we comprehensively analyzed the mRNA and protein expression, prognosis, and interaction genes of SAE1 in TNBC and constructed a prognostic model including SAE1 and PLK1. These results might be important for better understanding of the role of SAE1 in TNBC. In addition, DNA methyltransferase and TFs inhibitor treatments targeting SAE1 might improve the survival of TNBC patients.
Automated systems (MicroScan WalkAway 96 Plus, Phoenix 100, and Vitek 2 Compact) are widely used in clinical laboratories nowadays. The aim of this study is to evaluate the performance of these three ...systems for susceptibility testing of aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones against Carbapenem-resistant
(CRE).
A total of 75 CRE isolates were used in this study. Quinolone resistance determinants (QRDs) (
,
,
,
,
,
,
and
) and aminoglycoside resistance determinants (ARDs) (
,
,
,
,
,
,
and
) of these CRE were screened by PCR. The MICs of aminoglycosides (gentamicin and amikacin) and fluoroquinolones (ciprofloxacin and levofloxacin) to CRE obtained with the automated systems were compared with the reference method (agar dilution method).
Totally, 97.3% (73/75) of CRE harbored QRDs. The
gene was the most common QRD determinant identified in 68 (96.7%), followed by
in 56 (74.7%),
in 23 (30.7%), and
in 2 (2.7%), respectively. 22.7% (17/75) of CRE harbored ARD determinants.
,
and
were identified among these isolates in 6 (8.0%), 6 (8.0%) and 5 (6.7%), respectively. A total of 900 results were obtained in this study. Overall, the total error rate was 9.89%. Twenty-eight very major errors (3.11%), 22 major errors (2.44%) and 39 minor errors (4.33%) were identified against agar dilution method. The very major errors were almost evenly distributed between results for fluoroquinolones (2.89%) and aminoglycosides (3.33%), while the major errors and minor errors were more commonly found in the results of fluoroquinolones (3.11% and 6.44%, respectively) than aminoglycosides (1.78% and 2.22%, respectively).
Our study shows that testing difficulties in susceptibility testing do exist in automated systems. We suggest clinical laboratories using automated systems should consider using a second, independent antimicrobial susceptibility testing method to validate aminoglycosides and fluoroquinolones susceptibility.
To targeted regulate and improve the low-frequency sound insulation performances of traditional sandwich structures, a sandwich structure compounded with resonant acoustic metamaterial (SSCRAM) is ...proposed and an analytical model is established to evaluate its sound transmission loss (STL). The accuracy of the analytical model is verified by a simulation using finite element method and an experiment testing the sound insulation of a sample. Analytical results demonstrate that SSCRAM shows an excellent sound insulation performance in low frequency range. Compared with that of three other types of sandwich structures, an orthogonally rib-stiffened sandwich structure (ORSS), an ORSS with a perforated panel, and an ORSS with a plate-type acoustic metamaterial insertion, the STL of SSCRAM has an increment of 7.2 dB, 5.4 dB, and 7.9 dB in the frequency range of 370–670 Hz, respectively. By equating SSCRAM as a spring-mass model with two degrees of freedom and analyzing the distribution and dissipation of sound energy inside SSCRAM, the mechanism of sound absorption and insulation is clarified. Furthermore, the influences of six structure parameters on the sound insulation performance are quantitatively analyzed based on the analytical model, which can provide theoretical guidance for the targeted regulation of low-frequency sound insulation performance of SSCRAM in engineering applications.
A survey of community annoyance induced by aircraft noise exposure was carried out around Hangzhou Xiaoshan International Airport. To investigate the relationship curves between aircraft noise and ...the percentage of "highly annoyed" persons in China and also to get annoyance threshold of aircraft noise in China. Noise annoyance induced by aircraft noise exposure was assessed by 764 local residents around the airport using the International Commission on Biological Effect of Noise (ICBEN) scale. The status quo of aircraft noise pollution was measured by setting up 39 monitoring points. The interpolation was used to estimate the weighted effective continuous perceived noise levels (LWECPN) in different areas around the airport, and the graph of equal noise level contour was drawn. The membership function was used to calculate the annoyance threshold of aircraft noise. Data were analyzed using SPSS 16.0 and Origin 8.0. The results showed that if LWECPN was 64.3 dB (Ldn was 51.4 dB), then 15% respondents were highly annoyed. If LWECPN was 68.1 dB (Ldn was 55.0 dB), then 25% respondents were highly annoyed. The annoyance threshold of aircraft noise (LWECPN) was 73.7 dB, while the annoyance threshold of a single flight incident instantaneous noise level (LAmax) was 72.9 dB. People around the airport had felt annoyed before the aircraft noise LWECPN reached the standard limit.
To assess the predictive and prognostic value of a subtyping method based on immunohistochemistry in patients with triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) treated with neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NAC). ...This study included patients with TNBC treated with anthracycline- and taxane-based NAC and curative surgery. Immunohistochemical (IHC) subtyping was performed using core needle biopsy specimens before NAC (pre-NAC) and residual tumors after NAC (post-NAC). Logistic regression was performed to identify predictive biomarkers of pathological complete response (pCR). Invasive disease-free survival (iDFS), distant disease-free survival (DDFS), and overall survival (OS) were assessed using the log-rank test and Cox proportional hazards regression. A total of 230 patients were followed up for a median of 59 months. Clinical lymph node status and the pre-NAC subtype were independent predictors of pCR (P=0.006 and 0.005, respectively). The pre-NAC subtype was an independent prognostic factor for long-term survival (iDFS: P < 0.001, DDFS: P=0.010, and OS: P=0.044). Among patients with residual disease (RD) after NAC, approximately 45% of tumors changed their IHC subtype. Furthermore, the post-NAC subtype, but not the pre-NAC subtype, was strongly associated with the survival of patients with RD (iDFS: P < 0.001, DDFS: P=0.005, and OS: P=0.006). The IHC subtype predicted response to NAC and long-term survival in patients with early TNBC. In patients with RD, almost 45% of the tumors changed subtype after NAC. The IHC subtype should be considered when planning additional therapies pre- and post-NAC.
Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) are increasingly observed as regulatory factors for the initiation and progression of varying kinds of cancers. However, studies on lncRNAs in non-small cell lung ...cancer (NSCLC) progression are currently lacking.
We intended to determine the role of lncRNA LINC00472 and its downstream regulatory mechanism in NSCLC, thus providing novel ideas for targeted therapies for NSCLC.
The target signaling axis comprising the lncRNA/microRNA/mRNA was identified through bioinformatics analysis. Subcellular localization of LINC00472 was assessed with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Cellular function experiments were conducted to examine the proliferation, migration, invasion, and apoptosis of NSCLC cells, and dual-luciferase and RNA binding protein immunoprecipitation assays were performed to validate the binding relationship. Quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) and western blot were utilized to assess the expression levels of the investigated gene and protein, respectively.
The LINC00472 expression was markedly decreased in NSCLC tissues and cells. The FISH, combined with nuclear-cytoplasm separation assay, demonstrated that LINC00472 was mainly located in the cytoplasm. The overexpression of LINC00472 restrained proliferation and metastasis of NSCLC in vitro. The LINC00472 could target and repress miR-1275 level, and overexpression of LINC00472 reduced the miR-1275-dependent malignant cell phenotype in NSCLC. Further study revealed that HOXA2 was a downstream target of miR-1275 and was negatively modulated by miR-1275. Rescue assays exhibited that the overexpression of miR-1275 or inhibition of HOXA2 reversed the impact of LINC00472 overexpression on the malignant progression of NSCLC cells. The LINC00472 repressed the epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) of NSCLC cells through miR-1275/HOXA2.
The LINC00472 functioned as a competing endogenous RNA to modulate HOXA2 level by sponging miR-1275 in NSCLC. Simultaneously, the LINC00472/miR-1275/HOXA2 axis may be a possible therapeutic target and biomarker for NSCLC.
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