MCORD - MPD Cosmic Ray Detector a new features Bielewicz, M.; Milewicz-Zalewska, M.; Grodzicka-Kobylka, M. ...
EPJ Web of Conferences,
2019, Letnik:
204
Journal Article, Conference Proceeding
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The main detector system at the Nuclotron-based Ion Collider fAcility (NICA) located in Dubna, Russia is the Multi-Purpose Detector (MPD). For better calibration reason, the MPD needs an additional ...trigger system for an off-beam calibration of MPD sub-detectors and for rejection (veto) of cosmic muons. The system should also be useful for practical astrophysics observations of cosmic showers. The consortium NICA-PL group defines goals and basic assumptions for the MPD Cosmic Ray Detector (MCORD). This article describes the conceptual design and simulation plans of the MCORD detector based on plastic scintillators with SiPM photodetectors and electronic digital system based on the MicroTCA crate.
An implementation of cavity parameters estimation system (CPES) is presented. Main idea of the CPES is to support the LLRF -low level radio frequency system for FLASH laser in DESY. Algebraic, ...complex model of the LLRF system is proposed. For a given model structure the input-output relation of the real plant with unknown parameters is applied. The over-determined matrix equation is created covering the long enough measurement range with a solution according to the least squares method. A base function approximation by cubic B-spline set is applied to estimate the time-varying cavity detuning during the pulse. An implementation in DSP processor of the matrix equation solution and cavity parameters estimation algorithm is presented. A comparison between Matlab and DSP computation error is presented.
Data quality of the tokamaks diagnostics is often a neglected topic. In literature it is rather rare to find considerations regarding the data quality received from the diagnostic systems’ sensors. ...The scope of the paper is to provide a discussion regarding systems’ construction and analysis in scope of implementation of data quality monitoring methods for a new generation of diagnostics. Mainly considerations are performed regarding the necessity of DQM (Data Quality Monitoring) implementation, functionality, performance and required system resources. The covered topics are related to basics of system construction including: system layout and construction blocks, data processing stages, signal processing modes, system construction with resource estimation in scope of DQM implementation. Based on the covered points, it is possible to plan the extra resources or specific construction, to provide reliable design with data quality monitoring features. The data quality monitoring aspect is especially important in the modern diagnostics working with a real-time feedback loop. Such approach could be especially interesting for the ITER-like projects, since the quality of the data may directly influence the behavior of the control systems during plasma phenomena. The work is based on experience in design work of various high performance diagnostic systems for plasma physics and high energy physics.
This paper presents the data acquisition system for GEM-detector (Sauli in Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res Sect A Accel Spectrom Detect Assoc Equip 386(2–3): 531–534,
1997
.
...https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(96)01172-2
) based cameras and spectrometers (Chernyshova et al. in Fusion Eng Des,
2017
.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.107
). The system is modular (Czarski et al. in Rev Sci Instrum 87(11): 11E336,
2016
.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4961559
) and supports 1D and 2D GEM arrays with software-defined readout modes. Channel count can vary from 8 up to hundreds. The readout electronics consists of two units—radiation tolerant Analog Front End and rack-mount data processing unit. Data processing is split into two parts—real-time hardware, based on FPGA and software, based on embedded multicore CPUs and hardware accelerators. The FPGA subsystem together with PCIe interface and multi-core Xeon processors forms low latency, high-performance processing chain suitable for applications requiring feedback. The detectors in tokamaks operate in the high magnetic field, so the system was equipped with multipoint magnetic field measurement synchronized with detector readout. The system also includes custom HV supply, developed for triple GEM detectors operating in the high-rate mode. Dedicated protection and diagnostic subsystems were developed as well to ensure safe and reliable operation of the detector in harsh conditions. To support the operation of the detector in the high-temperature surrounding, the liquid cooling subsystem was developed (Wojenski et al. in J Instrum 11(11): C11035,
2016
).
Gas electron multiplier (GEM) detectors (Sauli in Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 805:2–24,
2016
.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nima.2015.07.060
(special issue in memory of Glenn F. Knoll); Buzulutskov ...in Instrum Exp Tech 50(3):287–310,
2007
.
https://doi.org/10.1134/S0020441207030013
) are widely used for detection of ionizing radiation. When used in the proportional mode, they provide information about time, location, and energy of a detected particle (Chernyshova et al. in Fusion Eng Design,
2017
.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fusengdes.2017.03.107
; Altunbas et al. in Nucl Instrum Methods Phys Res A 490(1–2):177–203,
2002
.
https://doi.org/10.1016/S0168-9002(02)00910-5
.
http://linkinghub.elsevier.com/retrieve/pii/S0168900202009105
). Modern technologies allow full utilization of detector properties, by acquiring the waveform of output current pulses and processing them using sophisticated digital signal processing (DSP) algorithms. The current pulses must be digitized at high speed (up to 125 MHz) with high resolution (up to 12-bits). Due to the high volume of the produced data, it is necessary to provide the high-performance data acquisition system (DAQ) to transmit the data to processing units. Efficient processing of the GEM data requires distributed parallel processing system to perform multiple tasks (Czarski et al. in Rev Sci Instrum 87(11), 11E336,
2016
.
https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4961559
): (1) Filter out the background and transmit only hit related data. (2) Extract the parameters of a hit, describing the time and charge (related to energy). (3) Estimate the hit position by combining information from multiple anode pads. (4) In case of 2D GEM detectors, correlate pulses received from X and Y pads (pixels) or W, U and V pads (pixels). (5) Separate the hits overlapping in space or in time (if possible) to support detector operation at higher rates. The above functionalities may be achieved in different hardware architectures. The typical hardware platforms include FPGA chips, standard or embedded computer systems with different computation accelerators (Wojenski et al. in J Instrum 11(11):C11035,
2016
.
http://stacks.iop.org/1748-0221/11/i=11/a=C11035
; Nowak et al. in J Phys Conf Ser 513(5):052–024,
2014
.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/513/5/052024
.
http://stacks.iop.org/1742-6596/513/i=5/a=052024?key=crossref.c5912cfa72c30b309821e14c4384948f
. The paper shows possible solutions with their feasibility for particular applications.
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