We described the preparation of copper oxide composite nanofibers doped with carbon nanotubes （CuO/C-NFs） or nickel oxide（CuO/NiO-NFs） by electrospinning for direct glucose determination. The ...interest in exploring practical CuO/C-NFs and CuO/NiO-NFs electrode materials for sensor application was fascinated by the possibility of promoting electron transfer for kinetically unfavorable glucose oxidation reactions at a lower overpo- tential and thus improving the selectivity of the electrode for glucose in electroanalysis. The morphologies of CuO/C-NFs and CuO/NiO-NFs were characterized by scanning electron microscopy（SEM） and X-ray powder diffraction（XRD）. The electrocatalytic performances of glucose were evaluated in detail by cyclic voltammetry（CV） and chronoamperometry. Facile charge transport, enhanced current response（at a lower overpotential of ＋0.35 V）, improved stability and selectivity, as well as excellent resistance towards electrode fouling were observed at CuO/ C-NFs electrode in direct glucose electroanalysis. These merits are attributed to the highly porous three-dimensional network film structure of CuO/C-NFs electrode materials and the potential synergic catalytic effect of CuO and carbon nanotubes in composite nanofibers. This study may provide a new insight into metal oxide-based composite nanofibers obtained via electrospinning for fabricating novel and high performance sensors and devices.
The probability density function of irradiance fluctuations in a turbulent atmosphere remains an open topic of research. It is generally considered that the speckle field has an elliptical-Gaussian ...speckle distribution, but because of its complexity there is still no exact analytical solution. By introducing the concept of random fluctuation intensity and using an equiprobability density ellipse, exact models of the random fluctuation intensity and its phase are proposed. Through theoretical analysis and numerical simulation, it is concluded that the random fluctuation intensity and its corresponding phase are independent only under the circular-Gaussian approximation.
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