Lysozyme, pepsin, ovalbumin, hemoglobin, and gamma -globulin were chosen as templates to investigate the imprinting capability of amphoteric polyacrylamide cryogels. Prepolymerizing solutions ...contained acrylic acid and allyl amine, as well as acrylamide and N,N'-methylenebisacrylamide as functional monomers. As a result there were both acidic and basic functional groups in the polymers, facilitating effective interactions with likewise amphoteric proteins. The proteins differed greatly and cover wide scopes of molecular weights and isoelectric points. Regardless of the values of the molecular weights and isoelectric points, all the templates gave higher retentions on the molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP) tubes than on the non-imprinted polymer (NIP) tube. The MIP of lysozyme indicated the highest imprinting factor of 7.0, and that of gamma -globulin showed the lowest, 2.0. The values of other proteins were intervenient. Conclusively, the amphoteric polyacrylamide cryogels were suitable imprinting materials for various proteins, and could potentially be useful for protein recognition, purification and depletion.
Human respiratory syncytial virus（RSV） is an important pediatric pathogen of lower respiratory tract worldwide. No vaccines and antiviral drugs are available. Herein the use of an RNA polymerase ...I-driven RSV minigenome for analyzing RSV replication and screening anti-RSV drugs was investigated. The RNA polymerase I（Pol I） was used to transcribe RSV minigenome from the constructed plasmid, designated p HM-RSV-Gluc, of minigenome c DNA which comprised trailer region, gene start sequence（GS）, reverse complementary copy of Gaussia luciferase（Gluc） gene, gene end sequence（GE）, and leader region in the direction of 5＇–3＇end and was flanked by promoter and terminator of Pol I. The expression of Gluc was confirmed in p HM-RSV-Gluc transfected HEp-2 cells following RSV infection and had the characteristics of dose-dependent, which provided a rapid, sensitive, and quantitative method for quantifying virus titers and screening antiviral drugs.
A novel luminescent coordination polymer (CP) {Mn(H
2
abtc)(DMF)(H
2
O)
2
·2H
2
O}
n
(1), (H
4
abtc = 3,3′,5,5′-azobenzenete-tracarboxylic acid), has been successfully prepared by the solvothermal ...reaction of H
4
abtc and MnCl
2
·4H
2
O, which has been further characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, elemental analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), infrared (IR) spectrum and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD).
1
can serve as a potential dual response luminescence sensor for picric acid (PA) and CrO
4
2−
via luminescence quenching with good selectivity and sensitivity. The quenching behavior of PA toward
1
can be ascribed to the combined effects of electron and resonance energy transfer mechanisms. And the quenching phenomenon of CrO
4
2−
to
1
can be explained by the electron transfer mechanism.
Graphical abstract
A novel luminescent Mn(II)-based coordination polymer
1
has been successfully prepared.
1
can serve as a potential dual response luminescence sensor for Picric acid (PA) and CrO
4
2−
with good selectivity and sensitivity.
The possible protective and curative effects of paeonol on carrageenan-induced acute hind paw edema in rats and dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis in mice have been evaluated. After oral ...administration, paeonol (20 and 40 mg/kg) reduced the edema increase in paw volumes and also the development of DSS-induced murine colitis. Furthermore, anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant activities of paeonol (1) together with its 10 metabolites (M2~M11) were investigated by using
in vitro
anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant assays. M3 and M11 exhibited significant 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activities (with EC
50
values of 93.44 and 23.24 μM, respectively). All the metabolites except M8 showed hydroxyl radical scavenging activities, and M3 and M11 were the most potent agents (with EC
50
values of 336.02 and 124.05 μM, respectively). Inhibitory effects of paeonol, M2~M11 on the overproduction of nitric oxide (NO), and the release of TNF-α were also tested. M3 and M11 potently inhibited lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced overproduction of NO in macrophage RAW 264.7. Western blot results demonstrated that paeonol, M3, and M11 downregulated the high expression of inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) and COX-2 proteins, and the effects of M3 and M11 were more potent when compared with paeonol. These findings indicated that paeonol may play anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidant roles by changing to its active metabolites after absorption. In addition, further investigations on the mechanism showed that paeonol, M3, and M11 blocked the phosphorylation of MAPK/ERK 1/2 and p38, whereas they showed no effect on the phosphorylation of JNK. The above results suggested that pre-treatment with paeonol might be an effective therapeutic intervention against inflammatory diseases including colitis.
The present study aims to evaluate the analgesic effect of ginsenoside Rg3 in different mouse pain models.
Formalin-, carrageenan- and S180 tumor cells induced mouse pain models were built in the ...study. The licking and biting time and PEG2 contents in the inflammatory sites were measured. The excitatory and inhibitory amino acids in the brains were determined by pre-column derivation FLD-HPLC method.
We have found that ginsenoside Rg3 treated the pain phases and decreased the PGE2 in formalin and carrageenan induced models, respectively. It significantly increased the contents of EAAs (Asp and Glu) in the brains of S180 tumor inducing pain mice, meanwhile, the IAAs (Gly, Tau and GABA) decreased.
Our results revealed that ginsenoside Rg3 acted central and peripheral analgesic effect and regulated the inflammatory factors and pain-related amino acids. It could re-balance the abnormal EAAs/IAAs value when the pain occurred. The analgesic mechanism and the clinical application of ginsenoside Rg3 need be evaluated furtherly.
The double-strand DNA (dsDNA) can act as an efficient template for the formation of copper nanoparticles (Cu NPs) with high fluorescence, whereas the single-strand DNA (ssDNA) cannot support the ...formation of Cu NPs. This difference in fluorescent signal generation can be used for the detection of nuclease cleavage activity. Thus, a label-free strategy for sensitive detection of nuclease has been developed. The sensor contains a complete complementary dsDNA which acts as a template for the formation of Cu NPs and generation of fluorescence signal. The enzyme S1 nuclease was taken as the model analyte. Upon addition of S1 nuclease into the sensing system, the DNA was cleaved into fragments, preventing the formation of the Cu NPs and resulting in low fluorescence. In order to achieve the system's best sensing performance, a series of experimental conditions were optimized. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the sensor exhibits excellent performance (e.g., a detection limit of 0.3 U mL⁻¹ with high selectivity). This possibly makes it an attractive platform for the detection of S1 nuclease and other biomolecules.
In this work, biogas residues, the remnant of the anaerobic digestion, was used for composting with livestock manure as the co-substrate. It is important for improving the soil quality in China, ...because the negative influence of biogas residues being utilized directly as organic fertilizer (a mainstream way of disposing biogas residues in China) on the soil could be eliminated or mitigated via composting. The composition of composting substrate has a great influence on the composting process. To explore the influence of the composition of the initial mixtures on the physicochemical properties and spectroscopic characteristics of composts, fifteen co-composting of biogas residue, pig manure and chicken manure, with different material ratios, were carried out. Physicochemical and biological indicators were determined. Meanwhile, spectroscopic methods, such as UV-Vis, synchronous fluorescence and 3D-EEM spectra were used for identifying characteristic spectral parameters companied with FRI and PARAFAC. Therefore
•NLRC5 overexpression in synovial tissues and cells of AA animal models.•NLRC5 overexpression accompanied by high expression of inflammatory cytokine and cell proliferation of FLSs.•NLRC5 silencing ...inhibits inflammatory cytokine expression and cell proliferation of FLSs.•High NLRC5 expression induces high NF-кB activation and NF-кB signaling pathway was inhibited after NLRC5 silencing.•NLRC5 plays a critical role in RA progression via the NF-кB signaling pathway.
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune inflammatory disease and the pathogenesis remains unclear. Previous studies suggested that fibroblast-like synoviocytes (FLSs) play an important role in RA pathogenesis, including the injury of cartilage, the hyperplasia of the synovium and the release of inflammatory cytokines. We used complete Freund’s adjuvant (CFA) induced rats as animal models for studying the RA pathogenesis. NLRC5 as the largest member of the NLR family has been reported to play a critical role in regulating immune responses. Increasing evidence suggests that NLRC5 is an pivotal negative modulator of inflammatory pathways. We investigated the mechanisms and signaling pathways of NLRC5 in RA progression. Significantly increased expression of NLRC5 was found in AA rats synovial tissues and cells. And high expression of inflammatory cytokine and cell proliferation of FLSs accompanied with NLRC5 overexpression, but inhibited in cells with NLRC5 silencing treatment. Interestingly, we found that overexpression of NLRC5 also coordinated the activation of NF-κB signaling pathway. These results suggested that NLRC5 promotes RA progression via the NF-κB signaling pathway potentially.
A new and facile strategy using double-stranded DNA-copper nanoparticles (dsDNA-Cu NPs) as fluorescence reporters for the highly sensitive and selective detection of l-histidine was demonstrated. In ...the dsDNA-Cu NPs-based sensing system, the fluorescence was quenched considerably upon the addition of l-histidine. Under the optimized experimental conditions, the probe exhibits excellent performance (e.g., a satisfactory detection limit of 5μM and high specificity). Our in situ method requires no covalent attachment of DNA to a fluorophore, which could significantly reduce the cost and simplify the procedure for l-histidine detection. Moreover, the proposed sensing system could be applicable for the detection of target biomolecule in complex biological samples. These striking properties make it an attractive platform for the direct detection of l-histidine.
► Double-stranded DNA-copper nanoparticles sensing system was proposed for l-histidine detection. ► The probe was based on l-histidine-induced fluorescence quenching. ► This probe is simple and cost-efficient in design and operation.
Background
With the exploding prevalence of obesity, many children are at risk of developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease. Using anthropometric and laboratory parameters, our study aimed to ...develop a model to quantitatively evaluate liver fat content (LFC) in children with obesity.
Methods
A well-characterized cohort of 181 children between 5 and 16 years of age were recruited to the study in the Endocrinology Department as the derivation cohort. The external validation cohort comprised 77 children. The assessment of liver fat content was performed using proton magnetic resonance spectroscopy. Anthropometry and laboratory metrics were measured in all subjects. B-ultrasound examination was carried out in the external validation cohort. The Kruskal-Wallis test, Spearman bivariate correlation analyses, univariable linear regressions and multivariable linear regression were used to build the optimal predictive model.
Results
The model was based on indicators including alanine aminotransferase, homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance, triglycerides, waist circumference and Tanner stage. The adjusted
R
2
of the model was 0.589, which presented high sensitivity and specificity both in internal sensitivity of 0.824, specificity of 0.900, area under curve (AUC) of 0.900 with a 95% confidence interval: 0.783–1.000 and external validation (sensitivity of 0.918 and specificity of 0.821, AUC of 0.901 with a 95% confidence interval: 0.818–0.984).
Conclusions
Our model based on five clinical indicators was simple, non-invasive, and inexpensive; it had high sensitivity and specificity in predicting LFC in children. Thus, it may be useful for identifying children with obesity who are at risk for developing nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.
