Tomato (Lycopersicon esculentum Miller) cv. Jiahe No. 9 (a salinity-resistant cultivar) and cv. Shuangfeng 87-5 (a salinity-sensitive cultivar) were used as experimental materials to investigate the ...effects of exogenous selenium (Na₂SeO₃ 0.05 mM) on plant growth, chlorophyll fluorescence, photosynthetic rate, and antioxidative metabolism of chloroplasts in tomato seedlings under NaCl (100 mM) stress. Salt stress significantly inhibited plant growth, net photosynthetic rate (P ₙ), maximum quantum yield of PSII (F ᵥ/F ₘ), actual photochemical efficiency of PSII (Φ PSII), photochemical quenching coefficient (q P), and non-photochemical quenching coefficient (q N) of both cultivars, whereas application of Se reversed the negative effects of salt stress. Furthermore, application of Se significantly decreased the levels of hydrogen peroxide (H₂O₂) and malondialdehyde. Application of Se increased the activities of superoxidase dismutase, glutathione reductase, dehydroascorbate reductase, monodehydroascorbate reductase, glutathione peroxidase, and thioredoxin reductase, and the contents of ascorbate, glutathione (GSH) and NADPH, and the ratios of GSH/GSSH, AsA/DHA, and NADPH/ NADP⁺ in the salt-stressed chloroplasts of both cultivars. These results suggest that Se alleviates salt-induced oxidative stress through regulating the antioxidant defense systems in the chloroplasts of tomato seedlings, which is associated with the improvement of the photochemical efficiency of PSII, thereby maintaining higher photosynthetic rates. In addition, the salt tolerance of Jiahe No. 9 is closely related with high reactive oxygen species scavenging activity and reducing power levels in the chloroplasts.
We investigate the process
B
→
D
¯
D
s
π
via several rescattering processes. It is shown that the triangle singularity (TS) peak around the
D
∗
K
∗
threshold generated from the
χ
c
1
K
∗
D
∗
loop is ...relatively narrow, which may simulate the resonance-like structure
T
c
s
¯
(
2900
)
recently observed by LHCb in the
D
s
π
spectrum. However, the TS peak around the
D
s
∗
ρ
threshold generated from the
D
∗
∗
D
s
∗
ρ
loop is smoothed by the broad width of
ρ
, which itself can hardly describe the
T
c
s
¯
(
2900
)
structure. A non-resonance TS signal around the
DK
threshold generated from the
χ
c
0
K
D
loop is also predicted.
Beta-transducin repeat containing E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (BTRC) is crucial for the degradation of IκBα. Our previous transcriptome sequencing analysis revealed that tetraspanin 15 (TSPAN15) was ...significantly upregulated in clinical oesophageal squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC) tissues. Here, we show that high TSPAN15 expression in OSCC tissues is significantly associated with lymph node and distant metastasis, advanced clinical stage, and poor prognosis. Elevated TSPAN15 expression is, in part, caused by the reduction of miR-339-5p. Functional studies demonstrate that TSPAN15 promotes metastatic capabilities of OSCC cells. We further show that TSPAN15 specifically interacts with BTRC to promote the ubiquitination and proteasomal degradation of p-IκBα, and thereby triggers NF-κB nuclear translocation and subsequent activation of transcription of several metastasis-related genes, including ICAM1, VCAM1, uPA, MMP9, TNFα, and CCL2. Collectively, our findings indicate that TSPAN15 may serve as a new biomarker and/or provide a novel therapeutic target to OSCC patients.
Background
Artemisia pollen allergy is a major cause of asthma in Northern China. Possible associations between IgE responses to Artemisia allergen components and clinical phenotypes have not yet ...been evaluated. This study was to establish sensitization patterns of four Artemisia allergens and possible associations with demographic characteristics and clinical phenotypes in three areas of China.
Methods
Two hundred and forty patients allergic to Artemisia pollen were examined, 178 from Shanxi and 30 from Shandong Provinces in Northern China, and 32 from Yunnan Province in Southwestern China. Allergic asthma, rhinitis, conjunctivitis, and eczema symptoms were diagnosed. All patients’ sera were tested by ImmunoCAP with mugwort pollen extract and the natural components nArt v 1, nArt ar 2, nArt v 3, and nArt an 7.
Results
The frequency of sensitization and the IgE levels of the four components in Artemisia allergic patients from Southwestern China were significantly lower than in those from the North. Art v 1 and Art an 7 were the most frequently recognized allergens (84% and 87%, respectively), followed by Art v 3 (66%) and Art ar 2 (48%). Patients from Northern China were more likely to have allergic asthma (50%) than patients from Southwestern China (3%), and being sensitized to more than two allergens increased the risk of allergic asthma, in which co‐sensitization to three major allergens Art v 1, Art v 3, and Art an 7 is prominent.
Conclusions
Component‐resolved diagnosis of Chinese Artemisia pollen‐allergic patients helps assess the potential risk of mugwort‐associated allergic asthma.
Component‐resolved diagnosis of Chinese Artemisia pollen allergic patients helps assess the potential risk of mugwort‐associated allergic asthma. Sensitization to more than two Artemisia pollen allergens resulted in higher risk of allergic asthma, in which co‐sensitization to Art v 1, Art v 3 and Art an 7 allergens is prominent.
Wild relatives of crops are an important source of genetic diversity for agriculture, but their gene repertoire remains largely unexplored. We report the establishment and analysis of a pan-genome of ...Glycine soja, the wild relative of cultivated soybean Glycine max, by sequencing and de novo assembly of seven phylogenetically and geographically representative accessions. Intergenomic comparisons identified lineage-specific genes and genes with copy number variation or large-effect mutations, some of which show evidence of positive selection and may contribute to variation of agronomic traits such as biotic resistance, seed composition, flowering and maturity time, organ size and final biomass. Approximately 80% of the pan-genome was present in all seven accessions (core), whereas the rest was dispensable and exhibited greater variation than the core genome, perhaps reflecting a role in adaptation to diverse environments. This work will facilitate the harnessing of untapped genetic diversity from wild soybean for enhancement of elite cultivars.
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of fracture in adults, but is unclear in postmenopausal women. We aim to determine the association of obesity with the risk of fracture in postmenopausal ...women.
PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched up to 11 April 2022 for cohort studies. And the included studies regarding the relationship between obesity with all cause of fracture in postmenopausal women were included in our meta-analysis. Data were screened and extracted independently by two reviewers. The relative risks (RR) were estimated using a random-effects model. Between-study heterogeneity was assessed using Cochran's Q and I
2
statistics.
Eight cohort studies comprising 671,532 postmenopausal women and 40,172 fractures were included. Overall, the pooling analysis shows that obesity in postmenopausal women is associated with an increased risk of all-cause fracture (relative ratio (RR) = 1.18; 95% confidence interval (CI):1.09-1.28, I
2
= 86.3%, p = .000). Sub-analyses for each site of fracture indicate that obesity was associated with an increased risk of vertebral fracture in postmenopausal women (RR = 1.154, 95% CI: 1.020-1.305, I
2
= 94.5%, p = .023), but reduced the risk of pelvic fracture (RR = 0.575, 95% CI:0.470-0.702, I
2
= 0.0%, p = .000). There is no statistically significant difference in the risk of hip and humerus fractures associated with obesity in postmenopausal women.
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of all-cause and vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women, but is a protective factor for pelvic fractures. Our findings suggest that postmenopausal women who regulate their weight might lower their risk of fractures.Registration: (PROSPERO: CRD42022324973)
KEY MESSAGES
Obesity is associated with an increased risk of all-cause and vertebral fractures in postmenopausal women.
Obesity maybe a protective factor for pelvic fractures in postmenopausal women.
Postmenopausal women should regulate their weight to prevent fractures.
Colossal and anisotropic thermal expansion is a key function for microscale or nanoscale actuators in material science. Herein, we present a hexanuclear compound of (Tp*)FeIII(CN)34FeII(Ppmp)2⋅2 ...CH3OH (1, Tp*=hydrotris(3,5‐dimethyl‐pyrazol‐1‐yl)borate and Ppmp=2‐3‐(2′‐pyridyl)pyrazol‐1‐ylmethylpyridine), which has a rhombic core structure abbreviated as {FeIII2FeII2}. Magnetic susceptibility measurements and single‐crystal X‐ray diffraction analyses revealed that 1 underwent thermally‐induced spin transition with the thermal hysteresis. The FeII site in 1 behaved as a spin crossover (SCO) unit, and significant deformation of its octahedron was observed during the spin transition process. Moreover, the distortion of the FeII centers actuated anisotropic deformation of the rhombic {FeIII2FeII2} core, which was spread over the whole crystal through the subsequent molecular rearrangements, leading to the colossal anisotropic thermal expansion. Our results provide a rational strategy for realizing the colossal anisotropic thermal expansion and shape memory effects by tuning the magnetic bistability.
A new hexanuclear spin crossover compound (Tp*)FeIII(CN)34FeII(Ppmp)2⋅2 CH3OH (1) was synthesized by assembling the spin crossover FeII units and asymmetric Ppmp ligands into a rhombic core structure. It showed the colossal positive and negative anisotropic thermal expansion coupled with spin transition.
Growth differentiation factor-15 (GDF-15) is a marker of inflammation, oxidative stress and it is associated with adverse prognosis in cardiovascular disease. The aim of the present cohort study is ...to investigate the prognostic value of GDF-15 in patients with coronary artery disease (CAD) during long-term follow up.
A total of 3641 consecutive patients with CAD were prospectively enrolled into the study and followed up for major adverse cardiovascular events (MACEs) and all-cause death up to 5.3-7.6 years. Plasma GDF-15 was measured and clinical data and long-term events were registered. The patients were subsequently divided into three groups by the levels of GDF-15 and the prognostic value of GDF-15 level with MACEs and all-cause death was evaluated.
After a median follow-up at 6.4 years later, 775 patients (event rate of 21%) had developed MACEs and 275 patients died (event rate of 7.55%). Kaplan-Meier analysis indicated that the patients with GDF-15 > 1800 ng/L were significantly associated with an increased risk of MACEs and all-cause death. Cox regression analysis indicated that GDF-15 > 1800 ng/L were independently associated with the composite of MACEs (HR 1.74; 95% CI 1.44-2.02; P < 0.001) and all-cause death (HR 2.04; 95% CI 1.57-2.61; P < 0.001). For MACEs, GDF-15 significantly improved the C-statistic (area under the curve, 0.583 95% CI 0.559-0.606 to 0.628 0.605-0.651; P < 0.001), net reclassification index (0.578; P = 0.031), and integrated discrimination index (0.021; P = 0.027). For all-cause death, GDF-15 significantly improved the C-statistic (0.728 95% CI 0.694-0.761 to 0.817 0.781-0.846; P < 0.001), net reclassification index (0.629; P = 0.001), and integrated discrimination index (0.035; P = 0.002).
In the setting of CAD, GDF-15 is associated with long-term MACEs and all-cause death, and provides incremental prognostic value beyond traditional risks factors.
Cyano‐bridged 4d–4f molecular nanomagnets have re‐called increasing research interests in molecular magnetism since they offer more possibilities in achieving novel nanomagnets with versatile ...structures and magnetic interactions. In this work, four β‐diketone ligands bearing different substitution N‐sites were designed and synthesized, namely 1‐(2‐pyridyl)‐3‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1,3‐propanedione (HL1), 1,3‐Bis (3‐pyridyl)‐1,3‐propanedione (HL2), 1‐(4‐pyridyl)‐3‐(3‐pyridyl)‐1,3‐propanedione (HL3), and 1,3‐Bis (4‐pyridyl)‐1,3‐propanedione (HL4), to tune the magnetic relaxation behaviors of cyano‐bridged {DyIIIMoV} systems. By reacting with DyCl3 ⋅ 6H2O and K4Mo(CN)8 ⋅ 2H2O, four cyano‐bridged complexes, namely {DyMoV(CN)8(HL1)2(H2O)3} ⋅ 6H2O (1), {DyMoV(CN)8(HL2)(H2O)3(CH3OH)}2 ⋅ 2CH3OH ⋅ 3H2O (2), {DyMoV(CN)8(HL3)(H2O)2(CH3OH) ⋅ H2O}n (3), and {DyMoV(CN)8(HL4)2(H2O)3} ⋅ 2H2O⋅CH3OH (4) were obtained. Structural analyses revealed that 1 and 4 are binuclear complexes, 2 has a tetragonal structure, and 3 exhibits a stair‐like polymer chain structure. The DyIII ions in all complexes have eight‐coordinated configurations with the coordination spheres DyO7N1 for 1 and 4, DyO6N2 for 2, and DyO5N3 for 3. Magnetic measurements indicate that 1 is a zero‐field single‐molecule magnet (SMM) and complexes 2–4 are field‐induced SMMs, with complex 4 featuring a two‐step relaxation process. The magnetic characterizations and ab initio calculations revealed that changing the N‐sites in the β‐diketone ligands can effectively alter the structures and magnetic properties of cyano‐bridged 4d–4f nanomagnets by adjusting the coordination environments of the DyIII centers.
Four cyano‐bridged {DyIIIMoV} complexes 1–4, consisting of DyIII ions, β‐diketone (HLn: n=1, 2, 3, 4) ligands, and Mo(CN)83−, are obtained by adjusting the N‐sites of β‐diketone ligands. Their magnetic properties are highly dependent on the magnetic axis and magnetic anisotropy of the DyIII centers, which can be regulated by different coordination environments (DyOnN(8‐n): n=5, 6, 7) of the DyIII centers.
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