CCUS technology has the potential to reduce emissions substantially from the whole lifecycle of traditional energy-intensive industry on a large-scale basis. A summary of the current status of CCUS ...in China is viewed as a necessary background and a starting point for the content of the following paper. Next, the positioning and analysis of China's future CCUS development are presented by answering the following questions "Why does China need CO sub(2) utilization?" and "How much of the CO sub(2) emission reductions which result from CCUS technology does China need to be responsible for?". Then, the important influential factors of China's CCUS development are summarized into three aspects (technology maturity, technology sustainability, and external impact factors). Finally, based on these findings, some important comments and suggestions are proposed for the future RD&D of CCUS technology in China.
Despite aggressive multimodal therapy, locally advanced and/or metastatic penile squamous cell carcinoma (SqCC) is associated with significant morbidity and mortality, indicating a need for new ...therapeutic options. Given the emerging clinical utility of immunotherapeutics, we sought to assess the incidence and potential clinical significance of PD-L1 expression in penile SqCC.
Using an anti-PD-L1 primary antibody (clone 5H1), immunohistochemistry was carried out on whole tumor sections from 37 patients with penile SqCC treated at our institution between 2005 and 2013. PD-L1-positive tumors were defined as those with membranous staining in ≥5% of tumor cells. Association between PD-L1 expression and clinicopathologic parameters was examined using Fisher's exact test. Correlation between PD-L1 expression in primary tumors and matched metastases was assessed using the Spearman rank correlation coefficient (ρ). The difference in cancer-specific mortality between PD-L1-positive and -negative groups was examined using the log-rank test.
Twenty-three (62.2%) of 37 primary tumors were positive for PD-L1 expression, and there was strong positive correlation of PD-L1 expression in primary and metastatic samples (ρ = 0.72; 0.032 <P < 0.036). Primary tumor PD-L1 expression was significantly associated with usual type histology (P = 0.040) and regional lymph node metastasis (P = 0.024), as well as decreased cancer-specific survival (P = 0.011).
The majority of primary penile SqCC tumors express PD-L1, which is associated with high-risk clinicopathologic features and poor clinical outcome. These data provide a rational basis for further investigation of anti-PD-1 and anti-PD-L1 immunotherapeutics in patients with advanced penile SqCC.
A 6 mm thickness medium-Mn ultrahigh strength steel was friction stir welded (FSW) with various rotation speed at constant of welding speed in this study. The microstructural evolution and impact ...toughness of the stir zone were investigated in a systematic manner. The microstructural observation results suggested that the metastable austenite in base metal disappeared after FSW, and the stir zone of FSW samples contained various morphology of martensite (i.e., well tempered martensite, less tempered martensite and common martensite). The content of well tempered martensite and less tempered martensite in the stir zone was decreased with the increase of rotation speed, and the martensite blocks and prior austenite grain size were gradually coarsened. It is suggested that the plastic deformation and the small prior austenite grain size promoted the formation of well tempered martensite in the stir zone at low rotation speed. The well tempered martensite could effectively release the stress concentration by interfaces separation with other martensite of different morphology during impact test, which greatly benefited the impact toughness. Furthermore, the small martensite blocks could also improve the impact toughness. The impact toughness of the stir zone was decided by the martensite blocks size and the content of different morphology of martensite phase.
•The stir zone of FSW samples contained various morphology of martensite.•The martensite morphology varies greatly at different welding parameters.•Massive well tempered martensite formed in the stir zone at low rotation speed.•The well tempered martensite can effectively release the stress concentration.
Using a data set with an integrated luminosity of 2.93 fb−1 collected at s=3.773 GeV with the BESIII detector operating at the BEPCII storage rings, we search for the rare decay D+→D0e+νe. No ...signal events are observed. We set the upper limit on the branching fraction for D+→D0e+νe to be 1.0×10−4 at the 90% confidence level.
Based on a sample of 1.31 × 109J / ψ events collected with the BESIII detector, an amplitude analysis of the isospin-violating decays η'→ π + π - π 0 and η' → π 0 π 0 π 0 is performed. A significant ...P-wave contribution from η'→ ρ ± π ∓ is observed for the first time in η' → π + π - π 0 . The branching fraction is determined to be B ( η'→ ρ ± π ∓ ) = ( 7.44 ± 0.60 ± 1.26 ± 1.84 ) × 10-4, where the first uncertainty is statistical, the second systematic, and the third model dependent. In addition to the nonresonant S -wave component, there is a significant σ meson component. The branching fractions of the combined S -wave components are determined to be B ( η' → π + π - π 0 ) S = ( 37.63 ± 0.77 ± 2.22 ± 4.48 ) × 10-4 and B ( η' → π 0 π 0 π 0 ) = ( 35.22 ± 0.82 ± 2.54 ) × 10-4, respectively. Finally, the latter one is consistent with previous BESIII measurements.
PDF
