To determine the frequency and the epidemiological characteristics of biological-exposure incidents occurring among healthcare personnel.
Prospective surveillance study.
Participating Spanish ...primary-care and specialty centers from January 1994 to December 1997.
70 centers in 1994, 87 in 1995, 97 in 1996, and 104 in 1997.
Absolute and relative frequencies were calculated for several variables (position held, area of care, type of injuring object, activity, etc) and for the different categories of each variable.
There were 20,235 registered incidents. Annual incidence rates were as follows: 1994, 51 per 1,000; 1995, 58 per 1,000, 1996, 54 per 1,000; and 1997, 59 per 1,000. Mean age of accident victims was as follows: 1994, 35.68 (standard deviation SD, 16.26); 1995, 33.6 (SD, 11.9); 1996,38.2 (SD, 17.27); and 1997, 36.7 (SD, 16.33) years. Of the 20,235 incidents, 15,860 (80.7%) occurred to women; 50% (9,833) accidents were among nursing staff. The type of incident most frequently reported was percutaneous injury (81.1%). The highest frequency of accidents was seen in medical and surgical areas (28% and 25.6%, respectively). Blood and blood products were the most commonly involved material (87.6%). Administration of intramuscular or intravenous medication was the activity associated with the highest accident rate (20.3%). The most frequent immediate action in response was rinsing and disinfecting (65.6%).
The incident registry was highly stable in terms of incidence rates over the observation period and served to highlight the large number of incidents recorded each year. The potential implications of the results are the need to explore reasons for increased exposures in certain areas, with the aim of focusing prevention efforts, and, similarly, to establish the factors associated with diminished incidence rates to model successful measures.
La parasitosis intestinal es una infección que se puede presentar en cualquier ser humano, sin embargo, es evidente su prevalencia en la población infantil, situación que incide en su estado ...nutricional, los infantes infectados tienden a tener variantes en su comportamiento y nutrición, una situación que puede obstaculizar seriamente su desarrollo físico e intelectual. El objetivo del presente trabajo fue identificar la relación entre la parasitosis intestinal y estado de nutricional en los niños de 1 a 3 años del Centro Infantil del Buen Vivir María Paz de la Ciudadela Almeida en el cantón Milagro durante el periodo de noviembre 2016 a mayo 2017. La metodología responde a los paradigmas cuantitativos de carácter descriptivo, apoyadas por una investigación de campo que permitió la recolección de datos antropométricos y las muestras fecales para la realización de exámenes coprológicos: 23 de los niños y niñas presentaron parasitosis intestinal (60,5%), mientras que 15 niños dieron negativos (39,5%) de los que presentaron parasitosis; 14 infantes se vieron afectados con bajo peso, debido a la presencia de parásitos (37%), Además, en la encuesta a los padres de familia, más del 65% de los hogares no tienen una adecuada norma de cuidado para prevenir la infección por parásitos intestinales, y el consumo de agua sin hervir así como la ingesta de frutas y legumbres sin lavado previo. Se puede concluir que la carencia de servicios básicos, hábitos de higiene alimentaria y el desconocimiento de los riesgos es determinantes para la presencia de parásitos intestinales en los infantes y por ende afecta el estado nutricional. AbstractIntestinal parasitosis is an infection that can occur in any human being; however, its prevalence could affect mostly the nutritional status of children. Therefore, infected infants tend to have variations in their behavior and nutrition, a situation that can seriously impede their physical and intellectual development. The objective of the present work was to identify the relationship between intestinal parasitosis and nutritional status in children from 1 to 3 years old of Centro Infantil del Buen Vivir María Paz of Ciudadela Almeida in Milagro Canton during the period from November 2016 to May 2017. The methodology responds to quantitative paradigms of a descriptive nature, supported by a field investigation that allowed the collection of anthropometric data and fecal samples for the performance of coprological examinations. From those who presented parasitosis: 23 of the children showed parasitosis intestinal (60.5%) while 15 children were negative (39.5%); 14 are affected with low weight due to the presence of parasites (37%). Also, more than 65% of households do not have an adequate standard of care to prevent infection by intestinal parasites, and consumption of water without boiling as well as the intake of fruits and vegetables without previous washing was observed in the survey of parents. It can be conclude that the lack of basic services, habits of food hygiene, the ignorance of the risks are determinant for the presence of intestinal parasites in infants and therefore affects the nutritional status.
ABSTRACT The Human Papilloma Virus (HPV) is a virus that has a double-stranded DNA genome belonging to the Papovaviridae family. It has oncogenic ability in a variety of mammals, especially man, in ...which more than 200 serotypes are known and represents one of the most common sexually transmitted diseases because of its relation to oncological pathogenesis. It is classified into high and low cancer types (IARC), other types of infections such as oropharyngeal and tonsillitis have also been described. The objective of this study was to determine the screening of IgG antibodies against Human Papilloma Virus genotypes 6, 11, 16 and 18 using the Microelisa serological technique. A descriptive, prospective and cross-sectional study was carried out during the first semester of 2015 in the Gary Esparza Sector of Babahoyo, Los Ríos province, with a population of 250 habitants. Blood samples were taken from 97 women with 20 years old, being determined 8 positive cases (8.25%), establishing the first serological diagnosis in the country, which is a tool for preliminary screening or screening of a large number of samples.
RESUMEN El Virus del Papiloma Humano (HPV) tiene un genoma ADN bicatenario perteneciente a la familia de los Papovaviridae, tiene capacidad oncogénica en una variedad de mamíferos, en especial el hombre, en el que se conoce más de 200 serotipos y representa una de las enfermedades de transmisión sexual más común, por su relación de patogenia oncológica. Se clasifica en tipos de alto y bajo riesgo oncológico (IARC), también se ha descrito otros tipos de infecciones como las orofaríngeas y amigdalitis. El objetivo de este estudio fue determinar el cribado de detección de anticuerpos IgG contra los genotipos 6, 11, 16 y 18 del virus mencionado, mediante la técnica serológica de Microelisa. Mediante un estudio descriptivo, prospectivo y transversal, realizado en el primer semestre del año 2015 en el Sector Gary Esparza del cantón Babahoyo, provincia de Los Ríos, Ecuador, de un universo de 250 habitantes se tomaron muestras sanguíneas a 97 mujeres mayores de 20 años y determinó 8 casos positivos (8.25%), con ello se estableció el primer diagnóstico serológico en el país, lo que constituye una herramienta de detección preliminar o screening de un gran número de muestras.
Tesis doctoral inédita leída en la Universidad Autónoma de Madrid. Facultad de Medicina. Departamento Epidemiología y Salud Pública. Fecha de lectura: 16 de Septiembre de 2004
BackgroundSquamous cell carcinoma (SCC) arising in a sacrococcygeal pilonidal sinus is rare, with cases of metastatic disease being even rarer. Among published cases, almost none have reported on ...systemic treatment. ObjectiveThis disease has a poorer prognosis than other forms of cutaneous SCC; therefore, our objective is to shed some light on the treatment of metastatic disease. MethodsWe present a series of nine cases treated at a single center, four of whom received systemic treatment. Additionally, other previously reported cases of metastatic disease are included in an attempt to draw stronger conclusions. ResultsFour patients were treated under several treatment regimens, with a median progression-free survival of only 2 months and two instances of partial response (18%). The best result was achieved with cemiplimab. Across all the cases, there was a trend toward a benefit of the use of systemic treatment (HR 0.41, 95% CI 0.15-1.12, p = 0.083; median overall survival 13 vs. 8 months). LimitationsLimitations include the significant lack of information on previously published cases and the extremely heterogeneous nature of the existing information. ConclusionThe initial systemic treatment should be an anti-PD-1, as with other SCCs. After progression on anti-PD-1, there is no strong evidence to support the recommendation of a specific treatment or sequence: options include cetuximab and/or chemotherapy (platinum, paclitaxel, 5-fluorouracyl).
