•Most tuberculosis (TB) units reported changes in their TB team operations.•TB patients diagnosed during COVID-19 showed more extended pulmonary forms.•Latent TB infections in children household ...contacts were higher in 2020.•Active TB in children household contacts were higher in 2020.
The impact of COVID-19 on the diagnosis and management of tuberculosis (TB) patients is unknown.
Participating centres completed a structured web-based survey regarding changes to TB patient management during the COVID-19 pandemic. The study also included data from participating centres on patients aged ≥18 diagnosed with TB in 2 periods: March 15 to June 30, 2020 and March 15 to June 30, 2019. Clinical variables and information about patient household contacts were retrospectively collected.
A total of 7 (70%) TB units reported changes in their usual TB team operations. Across both periods of study, 169 patients were diagnosed with active TB (90 in 2019, 79 in 2020). Patients diagnosed in 2020 showed more frequent bilateral lesions in chest X-ray than patients diagnosed in 2019 (P = 0.004). There was a higher percentage of latent TB infection and active TB among children in households of patients diagnosed in 2020, compared with 2019 (P = 0.001).
The COVID-19 pandemic has caused substantial changes in TB care. TB patients diagnosed during the COVID-19 pandemic showed more extended pulmonary forms. The increase in latent TB infection and active TB in children of patient households could reflect increased household transmission due to anti-COVID-19 measures.
A Review on Strongyloidiasis in Pregnant Women Wikman-Jorgensen, Philip; Requena-Mendez, Ana; Llenas-Garcia, Jara
Research and reports in tropical medicine,
01/2021, Letnik:
12
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Strongyloidiasis is a parasitic infection distributed worldwide, with an estimated 614 million people infected. Strongyloidiasis usually presents asymptomatically or with aspecific and mild clinical ...symptoms, mainly cutaneous, respiratory, or gastrointestinal. Disseminated disease and hyperinfection syndrome are the most serious complications, have a high mortality rate, usually occur in immunosuppressed patients, and are particularly associated with the use of corticosteroids. Strongyloidiasis is the most neglected of the neglected diseases, and its occurrence in pregnancy has been neglected and understudied. In this review, we focus on the effects of strongyloidiasis during pregnancy and highlight the knowledge shortage and the need for more research on the subject. There are few studies addressing strongyloidiasis prevalence during pregnancy and hyperinfection incidence during pregnancy is practically unknown, with only isolated case reports published. Although data are scarce, the infection has been associated with developmental disabilities and anemia during pregnancy, while hyperinfection may cause both maternal and neonatal death. Data on the best screening and diagnostic strategies during pregnancy are lacking. There is insufficient evidence on ivermectin safety in pregnancy, complicating treatment recommendations. Keywords: strongyloides, pregnancy, hyperinfection, anemia, stillbirth
Chagas disease (CD) is an emergent disease in Europe that can behave as an opportunistic infection in HIV positive patients. The objective of this study was to evaluate the implementation of a CD ...screening programme in an HIV unit. An immunochromatography (ICT) of
Trypanosoma cruzi
was performed as a screening tool in HIV-positive patients born in CD endemic countries. ELISA and IFAT were used to confirm the diagnosis. A total of 155 patients, 116 males and 38 females, were included. Mean age was 36.9 years (±8.4) and mean length of stay in Spain at the screening was 7.1 years (±4.7).
T. cruzi
ICT was positive in four cases (2.6%), being confirmed (by ELISA and IFAT) in three of those (1.9%). Factors associated with confirmed positive
T.cruzi
serology were: Bolivia origin (
p
= 0.016), Bolivia or Argentina origin (
p
= 0.002), Southern Cone origin (
p
= 0.015), rural origin (
p
= 0.023), previously living in an adobe-made (p = 0.001) or thatch-roofed house (
p
< 0.0001), having a previous CD test (
p
= 0.015), previous knowledge about CD (
p
= 0.019), about vector (
p
= 0.009) or recorded seeing vectors at home (
p
= 0.012). Units dealing with HIV patients from endemic areas of American trypanosomiasis should implement CD screening protocols. Interviews of patients coming from endemic areas should include CD epidemiological questions.
Abstract Introduction Purple urine bag syndrome (PUBS) is secondary to bacterial urinary tract infections in long-term catheterized patients. Our objective was to perform a systematic review of the ...literature to assess its predisposing factors, clinical presentation, management and outcomes. Methods The terms “purple AND urine” were searched in MEDLINE, EMBASE, LILACS, SciELO, Google Scholar and OpenGrey. A meta-analysis with individual patient-level data and another one with aggregate-level data were performed. Results Out of 6793 citations, 140 were included. A meta-analysis was done with 169 PUBS cases: 63.5% women, median age 78 years (IQR: 70–85), 59.4% asymptomatic. Outcome ( n = 117): 7.7% deaths, 21.4% recurrence. Dementia was the only factor associated with recurrence (OR: 5.44; P = 0.046). In an aggregate-level data, meta-analysis (281 PUBS cases) prevalence of PUBS in chronically-catheterized patients was 11.7%. Escherichia coli and Proteus mirabilis were the microorganisms most frequently isolated. Conclusion PUBS usually affects chronically-catheterized women. Neither antibiotics nor catheter removal were associated with better outcomes.
Strongyloidiasis is a soil-transmitted helminthiasis with a high global prevalence.
We aimed to evaluate the prevalence of
infection and assess strongyloidiasis serology as a screening technique in ...the Peruvian Amazon.
We performed a cross-sectional study of strongyloidiasis in 300 pregnant women in Iquitos (Peru) from 1 May 2019 to 15 June 2019. Women were tested using serology (Strongyloides IgG IVD-ELISA kit) as an index test and the modified Baermann technique and/or charcoal fecal culture as the parasitological reference standard.
The reference tests showed
in the stool of 30 women (prevalence: 10%; 95% confidence interval CI 7.1% to 13.9%), while 101 women tested positive on the blood test (prevalence: 33.7%; 95% CI 28.6% to 39.4%). Fourteen of the 15 women (93.3%) with positive results according to the modified Baermann technique, and 14 of the 23 women (56.5%) with positive charcoal cultures also had positive serological results. Serology showed a sensitivity of 63.3% and a negative predictive value of 94.4%.
In Iquitos, pregnant women have a high prevalence of
.
ELISA could be an excellent tool for population-based screening, as it has a high negative predictive value that can help to rule out the presence of active infection.
Estudiar la prevalencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes en el personal sanitario y de apoyo tras la administración de la segunda dosis de vacuna BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech).
En diciembre 2021 llevamos a ...cabo un estudio en el Departamento de Salud de Orihuela, Alicante (España), formado por 1.500 trabajadores. En los participantes del estudio, recogimos variables demográficas y realizamos un test «point-of-care» (POC) de inmunocromatografía para medir la presencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes (OJABIO® SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Detection Kit, fabricado por Wenzhou OJA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.- Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China) antes de la administración de la tercera dosis de vacuna.
Obtuvimos información completa de 964 (64%) trabajadores, siendo 290 varones y 674 mujeres. La edad media fue de 45,8 años (mín: 18, máx: 68) y el tiempo desde la última dosis (TUD) de vacuna fue 40,5 semanas (mín: 1,71; máx: 47,71). Un total de 131 (13,5%) habían padecido infección por SARS-CoV-2 confirmada mediante RT-PCR. La proporción de sujetos con presencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes fue de 38,5%. En el análisis multivariable el TUD de vacuna (razón de probabilidades ajustada ORa semana: 1,07; IC 95%: 1,04; 1,09) y la infección previa por SARS-CoV-2 (ORa: 3,7; IC 95%: 2,39; 5,63) mostraron asociación estadísticamente significativa con la presencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes.
El TUD de vacuna y la infección previa por SARS-CoV-2 determinaron la presencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes en 38,5% del personal sanitario y personal de apoyo.
To study the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in healthcare workers and healthcare support personnel after the administration of the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech).
In December 2021, we undertook a study in the Health Department in Orihuela, Alicante (Spain), which consists of 1500 workers. We collected demographic variables about the study participants, and we performed a «point-of-care» immunochromatography test to measure the presence of neutralizing antibodies (OJABIO® SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Detection Kit, manufactured by Wenzhou OJA Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China) before the administration of the third dose of the vaccine.
We obtained complete information about 964 (64%) workers, which consisted of 290 men and 674 women. The average age was 45,8 years (min. 18, max. 68) and the average time since the last dose of the vaccine was 40,5 weeks (min. 1,71, max. 47,71). A total of 131 participants (13,5%) had suffered infection by SARS-CoV-2 confirmed using RT-PCR. The proportion of participants who showed presence of neutralizing antibodies was 38,5%. In the multivariable analysis, the time since the last dose of the vaccine (aOR week: 1,07; 95%CI: 1,04; 1,09) and previous infection by SARS-CoV-2 (aOR: 3,7; 95CI: 2,39; 5,63) showed a statistically significant association with the presence of neutralizing antibodies.
The time since the administration of the last dose of the vaccine and the previous infection by SARS-CoV-2 determined the presence of neutralizing antibodies in 38,5% of the healthcare workers and support workers.
To study the prevalence of neutralizing antibodies in healthcare workers and healthcare support personnel after the administration of the second dose of the BNT162b2 vaccine (Pfizer-BioNTech).
In ...December 2021, we undertook a study in the Health Department in Orihuela, Alicante (Spain), which consists of 1500 workers. We collected demographic variables about the study participants, and we performed a “point-of-care” immunochromatography test to measure the presence of neutralizing antibodies (OJABIO® SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Detection Kit, manufactured by Wenzhou OJA Biotechnology Co., Ltd. Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China) before the administration of the third dose of the vaccine.
We obtained complete information about 964 (64%) workers, which consisted of 290 men and 674 women. The average age was 45,8 years (min. 18, max. 68) and the average time since the last dose of the vaccine was 40,5 weeks (min. 1,71, max. 47,71). A total of 131 participants (13,5%) had suffered infection by SARS-CoV-2 confirmed using RT-PCR. The proportion of participants who showed presence of neutralizing antibodies was 38,5%. In the multivariable analysis, the time since the last dose of the vaccine (aOR week: 1,07; 95%CI: 1,04; 1,09) and previous infection by SARS-CoV-2 (aOR: 3,7; 95CI: 2,39; 5,63) showed a statistically significant association with the presence of neutralizing antibodies.
The time since the administration of the last dose of the vaccine and the previous infection by SARS-CoV-2 determined the presence of neutralizing antibodies in 38,5% of the healthcare workers and support workers.
Estudiar la prevalencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes en el personal sanitario y personal sanitario de apoyo tras la administración de la segunda dosis de vacuna BNT162b2 (Pfizer–BioNTech).
En diciembre 2021 llevamos a cabo un estudio en el Departamento de Salud de Orihuela, Alicante (España), formado por 1500 trabajadores. En los participantes del estudio, recogimos variables demográficas y realizamos un test “point-of-care” de inmunocromatografía para medir la presencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes (OJABIO® SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Antibody Detection Kit, fabricado por Wenzhou OJA Biotechnology Co., Ltd.- Wenzhou, Zhejiang, China) antes de la administración de la tercera dosis de vacuna.
Obtuvimos información completa de 964 (64%) trabajadores, siendo 290 varones y 674 mujeres. La edad media fue de 45,8 años (mín: 18, max: 68) y el tiempo desde la última dosis de vacuna fue 40,5 semanas (mín: 1,71; máx: 47,71). Un total de 131 (13,5%) habían padecido infección por SARS-CoV-2 confirmada mediante RT-PCR. La proporción de sujetos con presencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes fue 38,5%. En el análisis multivariable el tiempo desde la última dosis de vacuna (ORa semana: 1.07; 95%CI: 1,04; 1,09) y la infección previa por SARS-CoV-2 (ORa: 3.7; 95%CI: 2,39; 5,63) mostraron asociación estadísticamente significativa con la presencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes.
El tiempo desde la administración de la última dosis de vacuna y la infección previa por SARS-CoV-2 determinaron la presencia de anticuerpos neutralizantes en 38,5% del personal sanitario y personal de apoyo.
This study aimed to describe the clinical, histological and immunohistochemical characteristics of primary extragastrointestinal stromal tumors (EGISTs) of the omentum and mesentery diagnosed in the ...Hospital 12 de Octubre, in Madrid, Spain, from 1993-2005.
The clinical data and histological and immunohistochemical findings of primary mesenchymal neoplasias were revised using the Department of Pathological Anatomy databases.
Six EGISTs were identified. Three were primarily of the omentum and 3 mesenteric. They were found in 4 males and 2 females with an average age of 65.16 years. All were c-KIT positive, and the majority CD34 positive, while 3 were positive for muscle-specific actin. The 3 omentum cases had a mixed spindle/epithelioid pattern and low mitotic rate, while the 3 mesenteric cases had a spindle pattern, with a high mitotic rate in 2 cases, where hepatic metastasis appeared at 6 and 32 months respectively. The 3 omentum cases were alive at the time of writing, and free of disease at 16, 21 and 34 months of follow-up. EGISTs represent 11.9% of GIST cases diagnosed in the hospital over the period 2000-2005.
In this study primary EGISTs of the omentum and mesentery showed clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics similar to those previously in the literature for GISTs of the digestive tract, which supports the hypothesis that these tumors originate from extragastrointestinal c-KIT positive cells. Mesenteric location appears to be associated with a poorer prognosis.
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