This study presents the results of a survey conducted in the Province of Vojvodina, Serbia to investigate consumers’ attitudes towards goat milk and goat milk products. Furthermore, the factors ...affecting consumer perception and subjective norms with respect to purchase were examined. The quantitative random survey was conducted and the data were collected using a structured questionnaire. The findings from this study revealed significantly lower acceptance of goat milk and dairy products compared to bovine milk and dairy products. Of total 440 respondents, 24.2 % had never consumed goat milk with significant positive impact (p<0.05) of age on consumption was found. Among, respondents, mostly the young population (18-25 years) does not consume goat milk. The study identified the odour (42.3 %) and taste (22.5 %) as the main barriers for consuming goat milk. In regard to purchasing, more than half of interviewed respondents do not buy goat milk and dairy products (67 % and 70.5 %, respectively) while the rest respondents expressed very low purchasing frequency. Health benefits represent the most important reason for potential consuming goat milk and dairy products (66.5 %). On the other hand, the main motives for purchasing bovine milk and dairy products are taste and quality (55.5 %). In particular, the oldest surveyed population (40-55 years) seemed to be the most positive group toward goat milk and the most interested in the product’s nutritional value and its health impact. The main category of goat dairy products purchased among surveyed respondents was cheese. These findings suggest that for better positioning on the market and for producing price-competitive products goat milk and dairy products should be more clarified as either quality products or products with added value or as products with unique health benefits.
Holistic methods, such as biocrystallization and capillary dynamolysis, can be used to confirm differences in chemical composition between organic and conventionally produced milk. The utilization of ...such methods is complementary to other quality assurance methods and demonstrates a complex aspect of food quality. In this study, biocrystallization was used as a method for distinguishing between organic and conventionally produced pasteurized milk, demonstrating how the differences in the dairy cow feeding regime can affect milk properties. The biocrystallization was performed by means of copper (II) chloride dihydrate (CuCl2*2H2O). The biocrystallization patterns obtained from the conventional and organic milk samples were readily distinguished. A significant indication of differences was the emergence of degradation features in the biocrystallization patterns. While degradation features do not appear in organic milk, conventional milk showed clear indications of degradation, although the compound analysis of the two milks indicated no differences. From the morphological perspective, the biocrystallization patterns of organic milk have fared better according to all criteria. The results of the fatty acid analysis in milk from conventional and certified organic farms showed a greater content of beneficial fatty acids in organic milk: oleic (P<0.05), linoleic and linolenic (P<0.01). The analysis of animal feed indicated a higher content of cellulose, i.e. acid detergent fibers (ADF), and a lower content of neutral detergent fibers (NDF) in the organic animal feed. It was concluded that the method of copper chloride biocrystallization can determine the differences between pasteurized conventional and organic milk, which is greatly important in assuring the consumers of the milk origin, since the organic chain implies the increased quality control of soil, animal feed, animals and final dairy products with added value.
The aim of this study was to identify frequencies of alleles and genotypes, to evaluate their frequency in population of Holstein-Friesian cows, and to investigate association of κ-casein genotypes ...with longevity and lifetime production of cows. Blood samples were collected from 192 Holstein cows which have finished their production. Cows were reared at one farm in Vojvodina in Serbia. In the current study the following ratios of κ-casein genotypes were found: 0.50 were AA, 0.40 were AB and 0.10 were BB. Frequencies of alleles A and B were 0.70 and 0.30, respectively. Based on these results, it can be concluded that cows with heterozygous genotype AB had the longest life (2809 days) with the highest number of productive days (2062), while the cows which were homozygous recessive of genotype BB had the shortest life expectancy (2627 days) and the lowest number productive days (1878). The same trend was observed with regard to the production results of cows of these genotypes, where statistically significant differences have been observed (P<0.05) in the most traits between cows of heterozygous and homozygous genotypes, while between cows of dominant and recessive homozygous genotype statistically significant differences were not observed (P>0.05). The effect of dominant genes in observed traits was greater than the additive effect of genes. From the ratio of the additive and dominant gene effects, it can be seen that the average degree of dominance in observed traits was positive.
This study presents the results of a survey conducted in the Province of
Vojvodina, Serbia to investigate consumers’ attitudes towards goat milk
and goat milk products. Furthermore, the factors ...affecting consumer perception and subjective norms with respect to purchase were examined. The quantitative random survey was conducted and the data were collected
using a structured questionnaire. The findings from this study revealed
significantly lower acceptance of goat milk and dairy products compared
to bovine milk and dairy products. Of total 440 respondents, 24.2 % had
never consumed goat milk with significant positive impact (p<0.05) of age on consumption was found. Among, respondents, mostly the young population (18-25 years) does not consume goat milk. The study identified the odour (42.3 %) and taste (22.5 %) as the main barriers for consuming goat milk. In regard to purchasing, more than half of interviewed respondents do not buy goat milk and dairy products (67 % and 70.5 %, respectively) while the rest respondents expressed very low purchasing frequency. Health benefits represent the most important reason for potential consuming goat milk and dairy products (66.5 %). On
the other hand, the main motives for purchasing bovine milk and dairy products are taste and quality (55.5 %). In particular, the oldest surveyed population (40-55 years) seemed to be the most positive group toward goat milk and the most interested in the product’s nutritional value and its health impact. The main category of goat dairy products purchased among surveyed respondents was cheese. These findings suggest that for better positioning on the market and for producing price-competitive products goat milk and dairy products should be more clarified as either quality products or products with added value or as products with unique health benefits.
U radu su predstavljeni rezultati istraživanja provedenog u Pokrajini Vojvodina, Srbija, s ciljem da bi se ispitao stav potrošača u odnosu na kozje mlijeko i proizvode od kozjeg mlijeka. Istodobno, ispitivani su faktori koji utječu na percepciju potrošača i subjektivne norme u odnosu na kupovinu. Primijenjeno je kvantitativno istraživanje slučajnog uzorka i za tu svrhu je upotrjebljen strukturirani upitnik. Rezultati ovog istraživanja pokazali su značajno manje prihvaćanje kozjeg mlijeka i mliječnih proizvoda u usporedbi s kravljim mlijekom i mliječnim proizvodima. Od 440 ispitanika, 24,2 % nije konzumiralo kozje mlijeko i utvrđen je značajan pozitivan utjecaj (p<0,05) dobi na konzumaciju. Među ispitanicima, najvećim djelom mlada populacija (18-25 godina) ne konzumira kozje mlijeko. Istraživanjem je utvrđeno da su miris (42,3 %) i okus (22,5 %) glavne prepreke u konzumiranju kozjeg mlijeka. U odnosu na kupovinu, više od polovice anketiranih ne kupuje kozje mlijeko i mliječne proizvode (67 % i 70,5 %), dok su ostali ispitanici iskazali vrlo nisku učestalost kupovine. Zdravstvene prednosti predstavljaju najvažniji faktor potencijalnog konzumiranja kozjeg mlijeka i mliječnih proizvoda (66,5 %). Glavni motivi za kupovinu kravljeg mlijeka i mliječnih proizvoda kod ispitanika predstavljaju okus i kvaliteta (55,5 %). Posebno, najstarija populacija (40-55 godina) pokazuje najpozitivniji stav prema kozjem mlijeku i više su zainteresirani za njegovu nutritivnu vrijednost i zdravstveni učinak. Kozji sir i sirutka predstavljaju dva proizvoda za koja su anketirani potrošači najzainteresiraniji. Dobiveni rezultati sugeriraju da bi se za bolje pozicioniranje na tržištu i za proizvodnju cjenovno konkurentnijih proizvoda, kozje mlijeko i proizvode od kozjeg mlijeka trebalo više isticati kao kvalitetne proizvode, proizvode s dodanom vrijednošću ili kao proizvode s jedinstvenim zdravstvenim prednostima.
Holističke metode, kao što su biokristalizacija i metoda kapilarne dinamolize ukazuju na razlike u kemijskom sastavu između organskog i konvencionalnog mlijeka, a mogu imati pozitivan potencijalni ...učinak na zdravlje ljudi. Korištenje ovih metoda komplementarno je drugim metodama provjere kvalitete i pokazuje jedan aspekt kompleksnog koncepta kvalitete hrane. U ovom radu utvrđivana je razlika između pasteriziranog mlijeka proizvedenog u uvjetima konvencionalne i organske stočarske proizvodnje u Srbiji biokristalizacijom kao metodom za razlikovanje između organskog i konvencionalnog mlijeka. Rezultati pokazuju kako razlika u režimu hranidbe krava između konvencionalne i organske farme može utjecati na kvalitetu mlijeka. Biokristalizacija je izvršena korištenjem bakar (II) klorida (CuCl2*2H20). Biokristalizacijski obrasci uzoraka konvencionalnog i organskog mlijeka lagani su za razlikovanje. Značajni pokazatelj razlika je pojava odlika degradacije biokristala. Dok se kod organskog mlijeka ne pojavljuje degradacija, konvencionalno mlijeko pokazuje čiste odlike degradacije. S morfološke strane, slike organskog mlijeka rangirane su bolje po svim kriterijima. Rezultati analize mlijeka podrijetlom s konvencionalne i certificirane organske farme pokazuju veći udjel blagotvornih masnih kiselina u organskom mlijeku, i to oleinske (P<0,05), linolne i linolenske (P<0,01). Analiza stočne hrane pokazala je viši sadržaj celuloze, kiselih (ADF) i niži sadržaj neutralnih (NDF) deterdžent vlakana u organskoj hrani. Zaključeno je kako se metodom biokristalizacije bakar kloridom može utvrditi razlika između pasteriziranog konvencionalnog i organskog mlijeka, što je od velikog značaja za informiranje potrošača glede podrijetla mlijeka, s obzirom kako organski lanac implicira strožiju kontrolu zemljišta, stočne hrane, životinja i gotovoga proizvoda s dodatom vrijednošću.
Cilj istraživanja bio je identificirati frekvencije alela i genotipova u populaciji krava holštajn-frizijske pasmine goveda, te istražiti njihovu povezanost s dugovječnošću i životnom proizvodnjom. ...Uzorci krvi uzeti su od 192 krave koje su završile svoju životnu proizvodnju. Krave su uzgajane na farmi u Vojvodini (Srbija). Identificirane su sljedeće frekvencije genotipova κ-kazeina: 0,50 za AA, 0,40 za AB i 0,10 za BB. Frekvencije alela A i B bile su 0,70, odnosno 0,30. Na temelju dobivenih rezultata može se utvrditi da su krave heterozigotnog genotipa AB bile najdugovječnije (2809 dana) s najvećim brojem produktivnih dana (2062) i ostvarile najbolju životnu proizvodnju, za razliku od krava homozigotnog recesivnog genotipa BB, koje su imale najkraći životni vijek (2627 dana) i najmanji broj produktivnih dana (1878). Ista tendencija zapaža se kada su u pitanju i proizvodni rezultati krava ovih genotipova, gdje su utvrđene statistički značajne razlike (P<0,05) u većini promatranih osobina između krava heterozigotnog i homozigotnog genotipa, dok između krava dominantnog i recesivnog homozigotnog genotipa nije utvrđena statistički značajna razlika (P>0,05). Aditivni i dominantni učinak gena kod većine promatranih osobina bio je pozitivan. Upotrebom polimorfnih oblika gena kao genetskih molekularnih markera u mliječnom govedarstvu značajno bismo poboljšali proizvodne osobina mliječnih goveda, uvođenjem poželjnih genotipova krava u populaciju.
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