Traffic flow prediction is a very important research field in intelligent transportation system. The traditional prediction methods have a very wide application in traffic flow prediction. However, ...in the short-term traffic flow prediction, due to the complexity of its influencing factors, the traditional prediction methods cannot predict the short-term traffic flow well. In this paper, the short-term traffic flow prediction model is constructed by using the short-term and short-term memory network, and the modal aliasing problem is solved by using the variational modal decomposition. From the experimental results, the method proposed in this paper is very suitable for short-term traffic flow prediction, and can achieve good prediction effect and accuracy.
Bone defects are a common disease threatening the health of many people. Calcium phosphate (CaP) is an ideal bone substitutive material that is widely used for bone repair due to its excellent ...biological properties including osteoinductivity, osteoconductivity and biodegradability. For this reason, investigation of these properties and the effects of various influencing factors is vital for modulating calcium phosphate during the design process to maximally satisfy clinical requirements. In this study, the latest studies on the biological properties of CaP biomaterials, including hydroxyapatite (HA), tricalcium phosphate (TCP), and biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP), have been summarized. Moreover, recent advances on how these properties are altered by different factors are reviewed. Considering the limited mechanical strength of CaP materials, this study also reviews CaP composites with different materials as improvement measures. Finally, perspectives regarding future developments of CaP materials are also provided.
This article reviews the recent advances and various factors affecting the improvement of the biological properties of calcium phosphate for bone repair.
Iterative learning control (ILC) has been successfully applied to numerous batch processes over the past decades. Monotonic convergence of tracking error is a desired characteristic that attracts ...much attention in academia. Many factors arising in industrial practice, such as strong nonlinearity and parameter uncertainty, have challenged the most existing monotonically convergent ILC approaches. This motivates the development of the nonlinear monotonically convergent ILC (NMC-ILC) in this paper. The proposed NMC-ILC is an optimization-based control strategy, in which the original nonlinear process is linearly approximated to reduce the complexity of the optimization problem accompanied. An upper bound of the tracking error is derived by considering the effects of model mismatches that consist of two components: structural mismatch induced by the linearization and parametric mismatch arising from the indetermination of process parameters. The NMC-ILC is then devised by minimizing this upper bound. Numerical experiments are conducted on an ILC-testing benchmark and the velocity control in an injection molding process.
Abstract
Exosomes belong to a subpopulation of extracellular vesicles secreted by the dynamic multistep endocytosis process and carry diverse functional molecular cargoes, including proteins, lipids, ...nucleic acids (DNA, messenger and noncoding RNA), and metabolites to promote intercellular communication. Proteins and noncoding RNA are among the most abundant contents in exosomes; they have biological functions and are selectively packaged into exosomes. Exosomes derived from tumor, stromal and immune cells contribute to the multiple stages of cancer progression as well as resistance to therapy. In this review, we will discuss the biogenesis of exosomes and their roles in cancer development. Since specific contents within exosomes originate from their cells of origin, this property allows exosomes to function as valuable biomarkers. We will also discuss the potential use of exosomes as diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers or predictors for different therapeutic strategies for multiple cancers. Furthermore, the applications of exosomes as direct therapeutic targets or engineered vehicles for drugs are an important field of exosome study. Better understanding of exosome biology may pave the way to promising exosome-based clinical applications.
•An improved variational mode decomposition (VMD) signal processing method is proposed based on salp swarm algorithm (SSA) optimization.•A new fitness function is constructed using the ratio of the ...mean value to the variance of permutation entropy.•The SSA-VMD method can effectively separate the useful signal and noise in the original signal.•The SSA-VMD method has better performance and robustness in denoising natural gas pipeline leakage signals.
Natural gas pipeline leak detection is susceptible to environmental noise, which leads to low detection accuracy. Denoising of natural gas pipeline leak signals is of great significance for improving the accuracy of pipeline leak detection. Variational mode decomposition (VMD) has the function of signal denoising. However, the inaccurate setting of VMD parameters will affect the result of signal decomposition. Therefore, an improved VMD adaptive signal denoising method is proposed in this paper. First, the control parameters of VMD, i.e. decomposition layer number K and penalty factor α, are optimized by using the salp swarm algorithm (SSA). The ratio of the mean and variance of the permutation entropy (PE) is used as the fitness function of SSA. Then, the optimized VMD is used to decompose the pipeline leakage signal to obtain several intrinsic mode functions (IMFs). Finally, the PE is used to select IMFs containing leakage features for reconstruction so as to obtain the denoised signal. The comparative experimental analysis shows that the improved VMD method after SSA optimization has stronger denoising robustness than other denoising methods.
ESG has emerged as a prominent method for evaluating enterprises, gaining increasing importance in recent years. It assesses a company's ability to promote sustainable economic development and ...fulfill its social responsibilities, encompassing three non-financial dimensions: environmental, social, and corporate governance. Regulatory authorities, industry associations, and investment institutions worldwide have placed growing emphasis on a company's ESG performance. From the perspective of career concern, this study conducted a multiple regression analysis using data from Chinese A-share companies listed in Shanghai and Shenzhen from 2011 to 2020. It used CEO shareholding and CEO political affiliation as moderating variables to examine the impact of CEO career concerns on the corporate environment, society, and corporate governance performance. Empirical testing of whether CEO career concerns promote or suppress the ESG performance in enterprises. The findings of this study reveal that CEOs with heightened career concerns tend to impede the ESG performance of their respective enterprises. Additionally, CEO shareholding and political affiliations exert a negative moderating influence on the relationship between CEO career concerns and ESG performance. This research significantly extends the investigation into factors influencing ESG performance, offering fresh perspectives that could inform improved CEO oversight, foster corporate transformation, and enhance ESG performance.
Abstract
Consumers make trade-offs when they choose between utilitarian and hedonic products. The former is practical, instrumental, and functional, whereas the latter is sensational and ...experiential. Prior research shows that people feel more guilt when they contemplate on engaging in hedonic consumption than engaging in utilitarian consumption. The current research investigates the effect of decision targets (i.e., making decisions for oneself or another person) on preferences for utilitarian and hedonic products. Consumers deciding for others were more likely to choose hedonic over utilitarian options than were consumers deciding for themselves. Utilitarian/hedonic was manipulated either through attributes of similar products (Study 1) or through different products (Study 2). Anticipatory guilt accounted for such self–other difference (Study 2). In particular, anticipatory guilt triggered by contemplating hedonic consumption is less for consumers who made choices for others than for those who made choices for themselves. In sum, preferences for utilitarian and hedonic products depend on decision targets.
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is a highly aggressive malignancy, with high recurrence rates and notorious resistance to conventional chemotherapy. Cancer stemness refers to the stem-cell-like ...phenotype of cancer cells and has been recognized to play important roles in different aspects of hepatocarcinogenesis. Small extracellular vesicles (sEVs) are small membranous particles secreted by cells that can transfer bioactive molecules, such as nucleic acids, proteins, lipids, and metabolites, to neighboring or distant cells. Recent studies have highlighted the role of sEVs in modulating different aspects of the cancer stemness properties of HCC. Furthermore, sEVs derived from diverse cellular sources, such as cancer cells, stromal cells, and immune cells, contribute to the maintenance of the cancer stemness phenotype in HCC. Through cargo transfer, specific signaling pathways are activated within the recipient cells, thus promoting the stemness properties. Additionally, sEVs can govern the secretion of growth factors from non-cancer cells to further maintain their stemness features. Clinically, plasma sEVs may hold promise as potential biomarkers for HCC diagnosis and treatment prediction. Understanding the underlying mechanisms by which sEVs promote cancer stemness in HCC is crucial, as targeting sEV-mediated communication may offer novel strategies in treatment and improve patient outcome.
Abstract
Background
Triclosan, an antimicrobial agent in personal care products, could be absorbed into the human body through the digestive tract. This animal experiment aimed to clarify the effects ...of triclosan exposure on the microbiome and intestinal immune functions in healthy and ulcerative colitis models.
Methods
Balb/c mice were maintained on an AIN-93G diet containing 80ppm triclosan dissolved in polyethylene as vehicle or vehicle alone for 1 week or 4 weeks. In the end, the mice were sacrificed, blood samples and colon tissues were collected for analysis of inflammation, and fecal samples were collected for 16 S rRNA sequencing of gut microbiota. To establish ulcerative colitis mice model, at the beginning of the 4th week, mice maintained on the diet with or without triclosan were treated with 2% Dextran sulfate sodium(DSS) in drinking water for 1 week. Then mice were sacrificed for analysis of colitis and gut microbiota.
Results
Triclosan exposure to common mice enhanced the levels of p-NF-κb and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), and decreased the Occludin in the colon. Triclosan exposure to DSS-induced mice increased the level of inflammatory cytokines, reduced the levels of Occludin, and exacerbated the degree of damage to intestinal mucosa and crypt, infiltration of inflammatory cells and atypia of glandular cells. Low-grade intraepithelial neoplasia appeared. Both in common and DSS-induced mice, triclosan exposure changed the diversity and composition of gut microbiota. Fecal samples showed higher enrichment of sulfate-reducing bacteria and Bacteroides, and less butyrate-producing bacteria.
Conclusion
Triclosan exposure induced disturbance of gut microbiota and exaggerated experimental colitis in mice. And changes in the composition of gut microbiota were characterized by the increase of harmful bacteria, including sulfate-reducing bacteria and Bacteroides, and the reduction of protective probiotics, butyrate-producing bacteria.
Although there is a linear relationship between time in range (TIR) and hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), a great variability of calculated TIR values for a given HbA1c, and vice versa, has been reported. ...Whether glycemic variability accounts for part of this variability remains to be investigated.
The data of continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) from 2559 patients with type 2 diabetes was analyzed. Glycemic variability was assessed by glucose coefficient of variation (CV), and estimated HbA1C (eHbA1c) was calculated from mean sensor glucose.
A strong correlation between TIR and eHbA1c (r = −0.908) was observed. The slopes of regression lines fitted to TIR values as a function of eHbA1c differed significantly for individuals with varying degrees of CV, especially when patients were stratified as stable (CV < 36%) or unstable (CV ≥ 36%) glucose levels. For patients in the high- or low-range of eHbA1c, there was a high variability of TIR values according to CV.
Glycemic variability significantly mediates the relationship between TIR and eHbA1c, and should be taken into consideration when setting an individualized target of TIR.
PDF
