In article number 1903525, Wei Han, King Lun Yeung, and co‐workers develop a synthesis approach to binary metal oxides by controlled thermal transformation of bimetallic metal–organic framework ...precursors. The approach is capable of manipulating the morphology and structure of binary metal oxides as high‐performance environmental catalysts for complete oxidation of volatile organic compounds under the conditions of low temperature and high humidity.
Necroptosis is implicated in the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke. However, the mechanism underlying the sequential recruitment of receptor-interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1) and ...N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive fusion ATPase (NSF) in initiating necroptosis remains poorly understood, and the role of NSF in ischemic stroke is a subject of controversy. Here, we utilized a recently emerging RNA-targeting CRISPR system known as CasRx, delivered by AAVs, to knockdown Ripk1 mRNA and Nsf mRNA around the ischemic brain tissue. This approach resulted in a reduction in infarct and edema volume, as well as an improvement in neurological deficits assessed by Bederson score, RotaRod test, and Adhesive removal test, which were achieved by RIPK1/receptor-interacting protein kinase 3/mixed lineage kinase domain-like protein signaling pathway involved in neuronal necroptosis. In conclusion, the downregulation of Ripk1 mRNA and Nsf mRNA mediated by CRISPR-CasRx holds promise for future therapeutic applications aimed at ameliorating cerebral lesions and neurological deficits following the ischemic stroke.
Corn Yield Forecasting in Northeast China Using Remotely Sensed Spectral Indices and Crop Phenology Metrics WANG Meng, TAO Fu-lu , SHI Wen-jiao (Key Laboratory of Agri-Informatics, Ministry of Agriculture/ Institute of Agricultural Resources and Regional Planning, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences Beijing 100081, P.R.China E-mail: tanghuajun@caas.cn)
Journal of Integrative Agriculture,
07/2014, Letnik:
13, Številka:
7
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Early crop yield forecasting is important for food safety as well as large-scale food related planning. The phenology-adjusted spectral indices derived from Moderate Resolution Imaging ...Spectroradiometer （MODIS） data were used to develop liner regression models with the county-level corn yield data in Northeast China. We also compared the different spectral indices in predicting yield. The results showed that, using Enhanced Vegetation Index （EVI）, Normalized Difference Water Index （NDWI） and Land Surface Water Index （LSWI）, the best time to predict corn yields was 55-60 days after green-up date. LSWI showed the strongest correlation （R2=0.568）, followed by EVI （R2=0.497） and NDWI （R2=0.495）. The peak correlation between Wide Dynamic Range Vegetation Index （WDRVI） and yield was detected 85 days after green-up date （RZ=0.506）. The correlation was generally low for Normalized Difference Vegetation Index （NDVI） （R2=0.385） and no obvious peak correlation existed for NDVI. The coefficients of determination of the different spectral indices varied from year to year, which were greater in 2001 and 2004 than in other years. Leave-one-year-out approach was used to test the performance of the model. Normalized root mean square error （NRMSE） ranged from 7.3 to 16.9% for different spectral indices. Overall, our results showed that crop phenology-tuned spectral indices were feasible and helpful for regional corn yield forecasting.
In this paper, we propose a novel machine learning pipeline to detect QRS complexes in very noisy wearable electrocardiogram (ECG) devices. The machine learning pipeline consists of a Butterworth ...filter, two wavelet convolutional neural networks (WaveletCNNs) autoencoders, an optional QRS complex inverter, a Monte Carlo k-nearest neighbours (k-NN), and a convolutional long short-term memory (ConvLSTM). WaveletCNN autoencoders filter out electrode contact noise, instrumentation noise, and motion artifact noise by using the advantages of wavelet filters and convolutional neural networks. The QRS complex inverter flips inverted QRS complexes. Monte Carlo k-NN performs automatic gain control on the ECG signals in order to normalize it. The ConvLSTM executes the final QRS complex detection by using the power of a convolutional neural network and a long short-term memory. The MIT-BIH, the European ST-T, and the Long Term ST database Noise Stress Test databases provide the training and testing ECG recordings. The proposed machine learning pipeline performs 3 standard deviations better than the state of the art QRS complex detection algorithms in terms of F1 score for very noisy environments.
Background. Sexual dimorphism with critical diseases has been documented. However, the role of serum sex hormones for the presence of acute kidney injury (AKI) in moderately or severe acute ...pancreatitis (MSAP and SAP) patients remains controversial. Here we set out to evaluate whether early (first 48 h) serum estradiol level is associated with AKI in patients with MSAP and SAP. Patients and Methods. We retrospectively collected data from patients with preliminary diagnosis of MSAP and SAP from the Affiliated Hospital of Yangzhou University between January 2014 and June 2018. Serum sex hormones were extracted for further assessment within first 48 h following admission. Logistic regression analysis and the receiving operating characteristic (ROC) curve were applied to evaluate the association and correlation between serum sex hormones and AKI. Results. Data from a total of 122 patients with MSAP or SAP were enrolled in this study. There were no differences in the incidence of AKI between males and females. However, comparing with patients without AKI, those with AKI saw higher estradiol level (p≤0.01) and slight higher progesterone level (p=0.014) but similar testosterone level (p=0.668). Interestingly, during both the manual selection and the stepwise backward logistic regression analysis, serum estradiol level was independently associated with AKI in patients with MSAP and SAP (OR 4.699, CI 1.783-12.386, and p=0.002). Additionally, area under the curve of ROC (AUCROC) showed that serum estradiol level was a proper predictor for AKI (area under the curve 0.875). Specifically, the serum estradiol level of 223.15 pg/mL demonstrated a 92.3% sensitive and a 79.3% specificity in predicting AKI of MSAP and SAP patients, respectively. Conclusions. High baseline serum estradiol level appears to be an independent risk factor for AKI in patients with MSAP and SAP. It also tends to be an appropriate indicator for AKI.
We study the single atom points defects in the 1T’ phase of tungsten ditelluride (WTe2) using density functional theory calculations. Various defects including vacancy, antisite, and interstitial are ...considered. All the considered defects are non-magnetic. Some of the generated localized defect states lie near the Fermi level, which in principle may influence the electronic transport properties of WTe2. The formation energies and the scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) images are calculated based on the obtained electronic structures. We find that, the interstitial defects have the lowest formation energy, while antisite defects have the largest. Different kinds of defects can in principle be distinguished from their corresponding STM images. These results may be helpful in the study of point defects in WTe2 using STM.
Mixed transition metal oxides (MTMOs) have enormous potential applications in energy and environment. Their use as catalysts for the treatment of environmental pollution requires further enhancement ...in activity and stability. This work presents a new synthesis approach that is both convenient and effective in preparing binary metal oxide catalysts (CeCuO
) with excellent activity by achieving molecular-level mixing to promote aliovalent substitution. It also allows a single, pure MTMO to be prepared for enhanced stability under reaction by using a bimetallic metal-organic framework (MOF) as the catalyst precursor. This approach also enables the direct manipulation of the shape and form of the MTMO catalyst by controlling the crystallization and growth of the MOF precursor. A 2D CeCuO
catalyst is investigated for the oxidation reactions of methanol, acetone, toluene, and o-xylene. The catalyst can catalyze the complete reactions of these molecules into CO
at temperatures below 200 °C, representing a significant improvement in performance. Furthermore, the catalyst can tolerate high moisture content without deactivation.
The underrepresentation of human genomic resources from Southern Chinese populations limited their health equality in the precision medicine era and complete understanding of their genetic formation, ...admixture, and adaptive features. Besides, linguistical and genetic evidence supported the controversial hypothesis of their origin processes. One hotspot case was from the Chinese Guangxi Pinghua Han people (GPH), whose language was significantly similar to Southern Chinese dialects but whose uniparental gene pool was phylogenetically associated with the indigenous Tai-Kadai (TK) people. Here, we analyzed genome-wide SNP data in 619 people from four language families and 56 geographically different populations, in which 261 people from 21 geographically distinct populations were first reported here.
We identified significant population stratification among ethnolinguistically diverse Guangxi populations, suggesting their differentiated genetic origin and admixture processes. GPH shared more alleles related to Zhuang than Southern Han Chinese but received more northern ancestry relative to Zhuang. Admixture models and estimates of genetic distances showed that GPH had a close genetic relationship with geographically close TK compared to Northern Han Chinese, supporting their admixture origin hypothesis. Further admixture time and demographic history reconstruction supported GPH was formed via admixture between Northern Han Chinese and Southern TK people. We identified robust signatures associated with lipid metabolisms, such as fatty acid desaturases (FADS) and medically relevant loci associated with Mendelian disorder (GJB2) and complex diseases. We also explored the shared and unique selection signatures of ethnically different but linguistically related Guangxi lineages and found some shared signals related to immune and malaria resistance.
Our genetic analysis illuminated the language-related fine-scale genetic structure and provided robust genetic evidence to support the admixture hypothesis that can explain the pattern of observed genetic diversity and formation of GPH. This work presented one comprehensive analysis focused on the population history and demographical adaptative process, which provided genetic evidence for personal health management and disease risk prediction models from Guangxi people. Further large-scale whole-genome sequencing projects would provide the entire landscape of southern Chinese genomic diversity and their contributions to human health and disease traits.
In recent years, the perceptual capabilities of robots have been significantly enhanced. However, the task execution of the robots still lacks adaptive capabilities in unstructured and dynamic ...environments.
In this paper, we propose an ontology based autonomous robot task processing framework (ARTProF), to improve the robot's adaptability within unstructured and dynamic environments. ARTProF unifies ontological knowledge representation, reasoning, and autonomous task planning and execution into a single framework. The interface between the knowledge base and neural network-based object detection is first introduced in ARTProF to improve the robot's perception capabilities. A knowledge-driven manipulation operator based on Robot Operating System (ROS) is then designed to facilitate the interaction between the knowledge base and the robot's primitive actions. Additionally, an operation similarity model is proposed to endow the robot with the ability to generalize to novel objects. Finally, a dynamic task planning algorithm, leveraging ontological knowledge, equips the robot with adaptability to execute tasks in unstructured and dynamic environments.
Experimental results on real-world scenarios and simulations demonstrate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed ARTProF framework.
In future work, we will focus on refining the ARTProF framework by integrating neurosymbolic inference.
The optimal range of blood pressure variability (BPV) for acute stroke patients with large-vessel occlusion (LVO) remains unclear. This study investigated the association between BPV from admission ...through the first 24 h after intra-arterial thrombectomy (IAT) and short-term outcome in LVO patients. We retrospectively analyzed 257 consecutive patients with LVO stroke who were treated with IAT. BP values were recorded at 2-h intervals from admission through the first 24 h after IAT. BPV, as reflected by pulse pressure variability (PPV), was determined based on standard deviation (SD), coefficient of variation (CV), successive variation (SV), and the difference between maximum and minimum blood pressure (ΔBP; systolic BP minus diastolic BP). The association between BPV and clinical outcome (Modified Rankin Scale score at 90 days) was analyzed by multivariate logistic regression analysis. Of the 257 included patients, 70 had a good outcome at 3 months. PPV from admission through the first 24 h after IAT was independently associated in a graded manner with poor outcome multivariable-adjusted odds ratios (95% confidence interval) for the highest of PPV were 43.0 (8.7-212.8) for SD, 40.3 (9.8-165.0) for CV, 55.0 (11.2-271.2) for SV, and 40.1 (8.0-201.9) for ΔBP. The area under the receiver operating characteristic curve (95% confidence interval) of the PPV parameters were 0.924 (0.882-0.965) for SD, 0.886 (0.835-0.938) for CV, 0.932 (0.891-0.973) for SV, and 0.892 (0.845-0.939) for ΔBP, and the Youden index values were 0.740, 0.633, 0.759, and 0.756, respectively. In summary, BPV from admission through the first 24 h after IAT was independently associated with poor outcome at 3 months in patients with LVO, with greater variability corresponding to a stronger association. Thus, PPV may be a clinically useful predictor of functional prognosis in LVO patients treated with IAT.
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