Highlights • We propose a hierarchical classification model to select day 3 embryos with high potential for development into blastocysts based on the severity and occurrence of abnormal divisions ...during the initial three embryo cleavages. • In a prospective observational study, the efficiency of this classification model was assessed and validated. • Cleavage patterns can predict the developmental potential of day 3 human embryos.
Abstract
We report the detection and follow-up of a superstellar flare GWAC 181229A with an amplitude of Δ
R
∼ 9.5 mag on an M9-type star by SVOM/GWAC and the dedicated follow-up telescopes. The ...estimated bolometric energy
E
bol
is (5.56–9.25) × 10
34
erg, which makes the event one of the most powerful flares seen on ultracool stars. The magnetic strength is inferred to be 3.6–4.7 kG. Thanks to sampling with a cadence of 15 s, a new component near the peak time with a very steep decay is detected in the
R
-band light curve, followed by the two-component flare template given by Davenport et al. An effective temperature of 5340 ± 40 K is measured by fitting a blackbody shape to the spectrum in the shallower phase during the flare. The filling factors of the flare are estimated to be ∼30% and 19% at the peak time and at 54 minutes after the first detection. The detection of this particular event with large amplitude, huge emitted energy, and a new component demonstrates that high-cadence sky monitoring cooperation with fast follow-up observations is very important for understanding the violent magnetic activity.
Mucormycosis usually presents as a progressive infection with significant angio-invasion. Mucormycosis due to Mucor irregularis (formerly Rhizomucor variabilis var. variabilis), however, is ...exceptional in causing chronic cutaneous infection in immunocompetent humans,
ultimately leading to severe morbidity if left untreated. More than 90 % of the cases known to date were reported from Asia, mainly from China. The nearest neighbour of M. irregularis is the saprobic species M. hiemalis. The aim of this study was to evaluate the taxonomic position,
epidemiology, and intra- and inter-species diversity of M. irregularis based on 21 strains (clinical n = 17) by multilocus analysis using ITS, LSU, RPB1 and RPB2 genes, compared to results of cluster analysis with amplified fragment length polymorphism (AFLP) data. By
combining MLST and AFLP analyses, M. irregularis was found to be monophyletic with high bootstrap support, and consisted of five subgroups, which were not concordant in all partitions. It was thus confirmed that M. irregularis is a single species at 96.1-100 % ITS similarity
and low recombination rates between populations. Some geographic structuring was noted with some localised populations, which may be explained by limited air-dispersal. The natural habitat of the species is likely to be in soil and decomposing plant material.
We present measurements of the cross section for anti-neutrino charged-current quasielastic-like scattering on hydrocarbon using the medium energy NuMI wide-band neutrino beam peaking at antineutrino ...energy $\langle E_\bar{v} \rangle$ 6 GeV. The measurements are presented as a function of the longitudinal momentum ($p_{||}$) and transverse momentum ($p_{T}$) of the final state muon. This work complements our previously reported high statistics measurement in the neutrino channel and extends the previous anti-neutrino measurement made in the low energy beam at $\langle E_\bar{v} \rangle$ ~ 3.5 GeV out to $p_{T}$ of 2.5 GeV/c. Current theoretical models do not completely describe the data in this previously unexplored high $p_{T}$ region. The single differential cross section as a function of four momentum transfer ($Q^{2}_{QE}$) now extends to 4 GeV2 with high statistics. The cross section as a function of $Q^{2}_{QE}$ shows that the tuned simulations developed by the MINERvA collaboration that agreed well with the low energy beam measurements do not agree as well with the medium energy beam measurements. Newer neutrino interaction models such as the GENIE 3 tunes are better able to simulate the high $Q^{2}_{QE}$.
Most applications of thermodynamic databases to materials design are limited to ambient pressure. The consideration of elastic contributions to thermodynamic stability is highly desirable but not ...straight‐forward to realise. We present examples of existing physical models for pressure‐dependent thermodynamic functions and discuss the requirements for future implementations given the existing results of experiments and first‐principles calculations. We briefly summarize the calculation of elastic constants and point out examples of nonlinear variation with pressure, temperature and chemical composition that would need to be accounted for in thermodynamic databases. This is particularly the case if a system melts from different phases at different pressures. Similar relations exist between pressure and magnetism and hence set the need to also include magnetic effects in thermodynamic databases for finite pressure. We present examples to illustrate that the effect of magnetism on stability is strongly coupled to pressure, temperature, and external fields. As a further complication we discuss dynamical instabilities that may appear at finite pressure. While imaginary phonon frequencies may render a structure unstable and destroy a crystal lattice, the anharmonic effects may stabilize it again at finite temperature. Finally, we also outline a possible implementation scheme for strain effects in thermodynamic databases.
The article by Hammerschmidt et al. discusses the extension of Computational Thermodynamics beyond ambient pressure. It reviews existing models for pressure‐dependent thermodynamic functions in a CALPHAD approach. Central challenges for future implementations from existing results of experiments and first‐principles calculations are identified. These are particularly non‐linearly varying elastic constants, melting of different phases, relations between pressure and magnetism as well as dynamic instabilities. A possible scheme for implementation is outlined.
Abstract
Using the bulk g-C3N4 as a precursor, four g-C3N4 nanosheets were further prepared by ultrasonic, thermal, acid, and alkali exfoliation. The structures of these materials were characterized ...by various techniques such as X-ray powder diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, energy dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, transmission electron microscopy, and X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy. The synergistical Fenton catalysis of these materials with Cu2+ was evaluated by using rhodamine B as a simulated organic pollutant. The results showed that there existed a significant synergistical Fenton catalysis between Cu2+ and g-C3N4. This synergistic effect can be observed even when the concentration of Cu2+ was as low as 0.064 mg L−1. The properties of g-C3N4 strongly influenced the catalytic activity of the Cu2+/g-C3N4 system. The coexistent of Cu2+ and the alkali exfoliated g-C3N4 showed the best catalytic activity. Hydroxyl radicals as oxidizing species were confirmed in the Cu2+/g-C3N4 system by electron paramagnetic resonance spectra. The synergistic catalysis may be attributed to the easier reduction of Cu2+ adsorbed on the g-C3N4. This study provided an excellent Fenton catalytic system, and partly solved the rapid deactivation of heterogeneous Fenton catalysts caused by the leaching of metal ions.
THE JOINT AEROSOL–MONSOON EXPERIMENT Lau, K.-M.; Ramanathan, V.; Wu, G.-X. ...
Bulletin of the American Meteorological Society,
03/2008, Letnik:
89, Številka:
3
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
Aerosol- and moonsoon-related droughts and floods are two of the most serious environmental hazards confronting more than 60% of the population of the world living in the Asian monsoon countries. In ...recent years, thanks to improved satellite and in situ observations, and better models, great strides have been made in aerosol and monsoon research, respectively. There is now a growing body of evidence suggesting that interaction of aerosol forcing with monsoon dynamics may alter the redistribution of energy in the atmosphere and at the Earth's surface, thereby influencing monsoon water cycle and climate. In this article, the authors describe the scientific rationale and challenges for an integrated approach to study the interactions between aerosol and monsoon water cycle dynamics. A Joint Aerosol–Monsoon Experiment (JAMEX) is proposed for 2007–11, with enhanced observations of the physical and chemical properties, sources and sinks, and long-range transport of aerosols, in conjunction with meteorological and oceanographic observations in the Indo-Pacific continental and oceanic regions. JAMEX will leverage on coordination among many ongoing and planned national research programs on aerosols and monsoons in China, India, Japan, Nepal, Italy, and the United States, as well as international research programs of the World Climate Research Program (WCRP) and the World Meteorological Organization (WMO).
There is limited data about the use of a Judkins left (JL) 3.5 guiding catheter for routine transradial right coronary artery (RCA) percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI). This study investigated ...the safety and efficacy of JL3.5 for RCA PCI.
Patients with acute coronary syndrome (ACS) who underwent transradial RCA PCI between November 2019 and November 2020 at the Second Hospital of Shandong University were included. The study retrospectively compared JL 3.5 vs. other routine guiding catheters (GCs), including Judkins right (JR) 4.0 and Amplatz (left). Logistic multivariable analysis was used to analyze the factors associated with transradial RCA PCI success rate, in-hospital complications, and extra support.
The study included 311 patients: 136 in the routine GC group and 175 in the JL 3.5 group. There were no significant differences between the two groups regarding in-hospital complications, extra support technics, or success. The multivariable analyses showed that coronary chronic total occlusion (CTO) was negatively associated with intervention success (OR = 0.06, 95% CI: 0.016-0.248, p < 0.001) but positively with extra support (OR = 8.74, 95% CI: 1.518-50.293, p = 0.015). Tortuosity was associated with extra support (OR = 16.50, 95% CI: 3.324-81.589, p = 0.001). In the JL 3.5 group, the left ventricular ejection fraction (OR = 1.11, 95% CI: 1.03-1.20, p = 0.006), CTO (OR = 0.07, 95% CI: 0.008-0.515, p = 0.009), and tortuosity (OR = 0.17, 95% CI: 0.03-0.95, p = 0.043) were independently associated with intervention success.
JL 3.5 appears to be as safe and effective as the JR 4.0 and Amplatz (left) catheters for RCA PCI. When using the JL 3.5 catheter for RCA PCI, heart function, CTO, and tortuosity should be considered.
Abstract
Multiwavelength simultaneous observations are essential to the constraints on the origin of fast radio bursts (FRBs). However, it is a significant observational challenge due to the nature ...of FRBs as transients with a radio millisecond duration, which occur randomly in the sky regardless of time and position. Here, we report the search for short-time fast optical bursts in the Ground-based Wide Angle Camera (GWAC) archived data associated with FRB 20181130B, which were detected by the Five-hundred-meter Aperture Spherical radio Telescope and recently reported. No new credible sources were detected in all single GWAC images with an exposure time of 10 s, including images with coverage of the expected arrival time in optical wavelength by taking the high dispersion measurements into account. Our results provide a limiting magnitude of 15.43 ± 0.04 mag in the
R
band, corresponding to a flux density of 1.66 Jy or 8.35 mag in AB system by assuming that the duration of the optical band is similar to that of the radio band of about 10 ms. This limiting magnitude makes the spectral index of
α
< 0.367 from optical to radio wavelength. The possible existence of longer-duration optical emission was also investigated with upper limits of 0.33 Jy (10.10 mag), 1.74 mJy (15.80 mag), and 0.16 mJy (18.39 mag) for the durations of 50 ms, 10 s, and 6060 s, respectively. This undetected scenario could be partially attributed to the shallow detection capability, as well as the high inferred distance of FRB 20181130B and the low fluence in radio wavelength. The future detectability of optical flashes associated with nearby and bright FRBs are also discussed in this paper.
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