The superfast-spreading portion of the East Pacific Rise at 17.5°S is a magmatically robust section of mid-ocean ridge. Plumes characterized by high volatile/metal ratios, which has been hypothesized ...to be indicative of recent magmatism, were found between 17°22′S and 17°35′S in November–December 1993. Dives with the French submersible
Nautile in December 1993 observed young sheet flows and widespread venting centered on the segment's shoalest point at 17°26′S. Eight submersible dives made one year later with the Japanese submersible
Shinkai 6500 in September–November 1994 found glassy, unsedimented lavas, a range of diffuse and high-temperature vents, and several types of biologic communities on the ridge crest beneath the volatile-rich 1993 plumes. The diffuse vents range from small areas in the youngest lavas characterized by very low-temperature flow (<10°C) and a relatively low macrofaunal diversity, to larger areas where the (apparent) older surface was covered with a dense and diverse biotope including anemones, tubeworms, mussels and serpulids. Several inactive vents marked by dead mussel/clam beds are present in the southernmost portion of the site in the older lavas. Submersible mapping indicates that the youngest lava (L0 unit) erupted for at least 4 km along the strike of the ridge at the southern site, and for 5–10 km at the northern site. The flow is up to 400 m in width at the southern site and may be as much as 1–2 km in width at the northern site. Comparison of the observed 1993 Fe/S, H
2S/heat, and
3He/heat plume values with time series measurements at sites on the northern East Pacific Rise and the Juan de Fuca Ridge, where the onset of the magmatic event is known, implies that the last magmatic event at 17.5′S occurred within several years prior to 1993. Continued rapid cooling of the underlying heat source is implied from the significant diminishment in the light-scattering intensity and rise height of the overlying plumes recorded during 1994 submersible dives. The type and diversity of the vent biota found on the L0 vents also suggests a young system. The spatial and temporal scales of the accretion event at the 17.5°S EPR site are similar in scale to eruptions on the intermediate-rate spreading North Cleft segment (Juan de Fuca Ridge) but the 17.5°S event has more subtle gradients in the effusion rate of the eruptions and thermal and chemical character of the hydrothermal system.
Eight castrated male Angora goats were used in a repeated, simultaneous 4 X 4 Latin square designed experiment to evaluate metabolic and mohair responses of Angora goats to sulfate supplementation. ...Goats had ad libitum access to isonitrogenous diets containing a 0.16 (basal), 0.23, 0.29, or 0.34% S (DM basis), which yielded N:S ratios of 12.7, 8.3, 6.8, or 5.5:1. Feed intakes were not affected (P 0.20) by dietary S level. Quadratic increases (P 0.05) to S supplementation were observed in grease and clean mohair production, grease and clean staple strength, and staple length. Mohair diameter, med fiber, kemp fiber, S, and cysteine contents were not affected (P 0.05) by supplemental S. Averaged across the prefeeding, 2, 4, and 6 h postprandial sampling times, ruminal pH, ammnonia N, total S, organic S, protein S, and plasma urea N and organic S concentrations were quadratically increased (P 0.05) by supplemental S. Ruminal sulfate S, total sulfide S, and plasma sulfate S were linearly increased (P 0.05) by supplemental S. Retention of N and mohair S yield exhibited quadratic increases (P 0.05), but S retention exhibited a linear increase (P 0.001) with increased S intake. Calculated by regression, the optimum dietary S concentration for maximum clean mohair production was 267% of dietary DM for a N:S ratio of 7.2: 1, suggesting that the National Research Council N:S ratio of 10:1 is inadequate for Angora goats. The optimum level of digestible S was calculated to be 0.18% of the diet DM
Recentemente, em vários estados australianos, os campos de educação em saúde e educação física têm sido articulados nas escolas em uma única área de ensino. Este artigo identifica discursos a ...respeito de saúde que se evidenciam no contexto de um currículo contemporâneo de educação física em saúde, especificamente aquele que está sendo aplicado nas escolas australianas do Estado de Victoria. Por intermédio da análise do currículo e de narrativas de professores a respeito dos princípios curriculares, e de suas experiências em implementá-los, fica demonstrado que atualmente são predominantes noções particulares de saúde relacionadas aos ideais neoliberais de cidadania, hdlismo e identidade pessoal. Há uma forte evidência da influência dos pressupostos da "nova saúde pública" e de idéias a respeito da importância do controle emocional e da auto-estima, tanto no currículo quanto nos relatos dos professores. No entanto, argumenta-se que, ao mesmo tempo em que os ideais dominantes do currículo são geralmente aceitos pelos professores, há também evidências de resistência, intencionais ou não, a estes mesmos ideais no âmbito escolar.
To provide health care providers, patients, and the general public with a responsible assessment of currently available data on lactose intolerance and health.
A non-DHHS, nonadvocate 14-member panel ...representing the fields of internal medicine, pediatrics, pediatric and adult endocrinology, gastroenterology, hepatology, neonatology and perinatology, geriatrics, racial/ethnic disparities, radiology, maternal and fetal nutrition, vitamin and mineral metabolism, nutritional sciences, bone health, preventive medicine, biopsychology, biostatistics, statistical genetics, epidemiology, and a public representative. In addition, 22 experts from pertinent fields presented data to the panel and conference audience.
Presentations by experts and a systematic review of the literature prepared by the University of Minnesota Evidence-based Practice Center, through the Agency for Healthcare Research and Quality. Scientific evidence was given precedence over anecdotal experience.
The panel drafted its statement based on scientific evidence presented in open forum and on published scientific literature. The draft statement was presented on the final day of the conference and circulated to the audience for comment. The panel released a revised statement later that day at http://consensus.nih.gov. This statement is an independent report of the panel and is not a policy statement of the NIH or the Federal Government.
• Lactose intolerance is a real and important clinical syndrome, but its true prevalence is not known. • The majority of people with lactose malabsorption do not have clinical lactose intolerance. Many individuals who think they are lactose intolerant are not lactose malabsorbers. • Many individuals with real or perceived lactose intolerance avoid dairy and ingest inadequate amounts of calcium and vitamin D, which may predispose them to decreased bone accrual, osteoporosis, and other adverse health outcomes. In most cases, individuals do not need to eliminate dairy consumption completely. • Evidence-based dietary approaches with and without dairy foods and supplementation strategies are needed to ensure appropriate consumption of calcium and other nutrients in lactose-intolerant individuals. • Educational programs and behavioral approaches for individuals and their healthcare providers should be developed and validated to improve the nutrition and symptoms of individuals with lactose intolerance and dairy avoidance.
Eight children with clinical and radiologic abnormalities consistent with periventricular leukomalacia were investigated with MR imaging of the brain that employed both inversion-recovery and ...T2-weighted spin-echo imaging sequences. The more precise delineation of white and gray matter on inversion-recovery images as compared with CT allows a detailed demonstration of the anatomic features of periventricular leukomalacia; specifically, a reduced quantity of white matter in the periventricular region and centrum semiovale and, in more severe cases, cavitated infarcts that replace the immediate periventricular white matter. The T2-weighted spin-echo and short inversion time inversion-recovery images demonstrated abnormally increased signal in white matter that appeared normal on CT scans and only minimally abnormal on conventional inversion-recovery images. These abnormalities most probably represent white matter gliosis that extends beyond the immediate periventricular regions.
MR recognition of cerebral white matter abnormalities associated with periventricular leukomalacia may confirm the clinical suspicion of this diagnosis in children with spastic diplegia or quadriplegia.
The Birt-Hogg-Dubé syndrome is a triad of cutaneous lesions including multiple fibrofolliculomas, trichodiscomas, and acrochordons. The inheritance is autosomal dominant in nature. We present a ...family of three with multiple firm, skin-colored papules in whom the three types of lesions are documented. In addition, we discuss the clinical differential diagnosis of multiple firm, skin-colored papules.
The clinical spectrum of human T cell lymphotropic virus type III (HTLV-III) disease is associated with myriad cutaneous findings, commonly of infectious origin. A clinically characteristic, yet ...histologically nonspecific, papular eruption was observed in seven of thirty-five patients followed up for HTLV-III disease (acquired immunodeficiency syndrome and the related complex). Noncoalescing 2- to 5-mm skin-colored papules of the head, neck, and upper trunk typify the lesions. Histologically, a chronic perivascular infiltrate of mononuclear cells was regularly present. The eruption was often, but not always, pruritic. The clinical course was chronic. Many patients had persistent lesions for more than 9 months; however, the number of papules tended to wax and wane with time. Although the cause of this eruption is unknown, it is sufficiently distinct and frequent to be recognized by clinicians as a cutaneous sign of human retrovirus infection.
Recentemente, em vários estados australianos, os campos de educação em saúde e educação física têm sido articulados nas escolas em uma única área de ensino. Este artigo identifica discursos a ...respeito de saúde que se evidenciam no contexto de um currículo contemporâneo de educação física em saúde, especificamente aquele que está sendo aplicado nas escolas australianas do Estado de Victoria. Por intermédio da análise do currículo e de narrativas de professores a respeito dos princípios curriculares, e de suas experiências em implementá-los, fica demonstrado que atualmente são predominantes noções particulares de saúde relacionadas aos ideais neoliberais de cidadania, hdlismo e identidade pessoal. Há uma forte evidência da influência dos pressupostos da "nova saúde pública" e de idéias a respeito da importância do controle emocional e da auto-estima, tanto no currículo quanto nos relatos dos professores. No entanto, argumenta-se que, ao mesmo tempo em que os ideais dominantes do currículo são geralmente aceitos pelos professores, há também evidências de resistência, intencionais ou não, a estes mesmos ideais no âmbito escolar.
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