Distributed Temperature Sensors Lutz, Michael A.
IEEE transactions on industry applications,
1983-Jan., 1983-01-00, Letnik:
IA-19, Številka:
1
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The capabilities and technologies of a number of spatially distributed over-temperature sensors are reviewed. A new conductive polymeric sensor is described in which capacitance measurements indicate ...the presence and location of hot spots. Physical characteristics, operating principles, and test results are discussed. In addition to over-temperature sensors, two additional distributed temperature sensors are described which either 1) read out the actual hot spot temperature or 2) sense and locate both hot and cold spots in a single cable.
Subcorneal pustular dermatosis of Sneddon and Wilkinson (SPD) is a unique clinical and histologic entity. This disorder has been reported in association with monoclonal gammopathy and IgA pemphigus. ...We report ten additional cases of SPD and determine the frequency of monoclonal gammopathy and IgA pemphigus in patients with SPD and investigate the relationship of this entity with other dermatoses characterized histologically by a subcorneal pustule. The medical records of patients with SPD evaluated at the authors' institution from 1980 through 1995 were reviewed retrospectively. Medical records of twenty patients with pustular psoriasis were reviewed for comparison. Ten patients met the criteria for SPD. Their average age at diagnosis was 66 years. The characteristic flaccid pustules were often generalized and had a tendency to involve the flexural areas. Serum monoclonal gammopathy was present in four patients: three with IgA and one with IgG. On direct immunofluorescence examination, three patients had IgA deposits in the intercellular spaces. None of the patients exhibited both monoclonal gammopathy and IgA deposits. Repeated direct immunofluorescence studies were necessary to detect IgA pemphigus in one patient. SPD is a distinct clinical entity. The findings of IgA deposits intercellularly on immunofluorescence and monoclonal gammopathy may help to further identify this entity.
This article is an overview of a new FQS (Forum Qualitative Sozialforschung/Forum: Qualitative Social Research online journal) volume on the combination of qualitative & quantitative research ...methods. The volume is composed of sectioned contributions on the advantages, possible drawbacks, & different forms of combination. An overview of these sections is given, & one form of combination, triangulation, is explained. Combining methods should serve as "quality control" rather than as a guarantee of validity; it should encourage researchers to be more diligent in their research. 1 Appendix, 26 References. A. Lee
The purpose of this study was to analyze intersegmental forces at the tibiofemoral joint and muscle activity during three commonly prescribed closed kinetic chain exercises: the power squat, the ...front squat, and the lunge. Subjects with anterior cruciate ligament-intact knees performed repetitions of each of the three exercises using a 223-N (50-pound) barbell. The results showed that the mean tibiofemoral shear force was posterior (tibial force on femur) throughout the cycle of all three exercises. The magnitude of the posterior shear forces increased with knee flexion during the descent phase of each exercise. Joint compression forces remained constant throughout the descent and ascent phases of the power squat and the front squat. A net offset in extension for the moment about the knee was present for all three exercises. Increased quadriceps muscle activity and the decreased hamstring muscle activity are required to perform the lunge as compared with the power squat and the front squat. A posterior tibiofemoral shear force throughout the entire cycle of all three exercises in these subjects with anterior cruciate ligament-intact knees indicates that the potential loading on the injured or reconstructed anterior cruciate ligament is not significant. The magnitude of the posterior tibiofemoral shear force is not likely to be detrimental to the injured or reconstructed posterior cruciate ligament. These conclusions assume that the resultant anteroposterior shear force corresponds to the anterior and posterior cruciate ligament forces.
A canine model for inferior vena cava resection was devised to study the biomechanical and clinical applications of the cartridge stapler, which applies a triple staggered staple line. Eighteen ...mongrel dogs were subjected to subhepatic, suprarenal inferior vena cava occlusion with excision of the excluded segment. At 1 hour, six dogs were killed and inferior vena cava sizes and pressures were measured. All staple lines were intact. The inferior vena cava bursting pressure was 150 to 300 mm Hg. Ten dogs survived to 6 weeks and underwent repeat laparotomy with excision and measurement of the remaining inferior vena cava. Mean diameter was 1.9 cm. No evidence of staple line leakage was found despite chronic pressures to 39 cm H2O: median static bursting pressures were 250 mm Hg. Vein wall thickness of greater than 0.24 mm were all satisfactorily stapled. Histologic examination revealed normal reendothelialization, with improved healing at higher chronic pressures. No evidence of inflammation at the staple line or foreign body reaction was found. We conclude that a triple staple line provides secure, rapid venous occlusion that can withstand supraphysiologic stresses immediately and at 6 weeks.
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