Crassostrea virginica was exposed to different light crude oil levels to assess the effect on transcriptomic response and metabolic rate. The exposure time was 21 days, and levels of 100 and 200 μg/L ...were used, including a control. The most significant difference among treatments was the overexpression of several genes associated with energy production, reactive oxygen species (ROS) regulation, immune system response, and inflammatory response. Also, a hydrocarbon concentration-related pattern was identified in ROS regulation, with a gene expression ratio near 1.8:1 between 200 and 100 μg/L treatments. Statistical analysis showed no interaction effect for metabolic rate; however, significant differences were found for oil concentration and time factors, with a higher oxygen consumption at 200 μg/L. Our findings provide novel information about the metabolic response of C. virginica during hydrocarbons exposure. In addition, our results point out which biological processes should be investigated as targets for searching bioindicators.
•The metabolic rate was higher in oyster exposed to 200 μg/L compared to the control.•Oil exposure at 100 and 200 μg/L induced a significant antioxidant response in oysters.•200 μg/L treatment induced genes related with citrate metabolism and TCA cycle.•Up-regulated transcripts at 200 μg/L and 7 days were related with the control of tumor proliferation.
Along the Pacific coast of the Baja California Peninsula (Mexico), abalone represents one of the most lucrative fisheries. As wild populations are currently depleted, abalone farm production aims to ...balance the decreasing populations with the increasing demand. The Mexican abalone aquaculture is almost entirely based on red abalone (
Haliotis rufescens
). However, the increasing frequency of extreme temperature events is hampering this activity. The use interspecific hybrids can potentially improve abalone culture, as species have differences in their thermal tolerance. Therefore, the hybrid progeny between
H. rufescens
(♀) and pink abalone
H. corrugata
(♂), a temperate and a warmer water abalone species, respectively, will naturally support higher temperature. To test this hypothesis, growth rate, mortality and metabolic rate of both pure (RR) and hybrid abalone (RP) were assessed under the
H. rufescens’
optimum (18 °C) and thermally stressed (22 °C) conditions. To unveil the molecular pathways involved in the heat response, transcriptional profiling of both crosses was also investigated. At high temperature, we observed constrained growth and survival in RR while RP showed a significant increase in both rates, supporting the improved performance of the hybrid compared. These results match with the transcriptional profiling of hybrids showing higher expression of genes involved in growth and calcification, whereas in the pure red progeny, the transcriptional profile was mainly associated with the regulation of necroptosis process. Our results may contribute to propose new management plans to increase farm abalone production in Baja California.
TORCH pattern recognition and particle identification performance Garcia Martin, L.M.; Blake, T.; Brook, N.H. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
10/2023, Letnik:
1055
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
The TORCH detector aims to provide K/π (K/p) separation up to a momentum of about 10 (15) ▪ by measuring their time-of-flight at the LHCb detector. Prompt Cherenkov photons are produced in a quartz ...radiator bar of 10 mm thickness, and propagated via total internal reflection to the periphery of the detector, where they are focused onto an array of microchannel plate photomultipliers that measure the photon arrival time and position. Pattern recognition techniques are used to compare the likelihood that the detector image is due to a given particle hypothesis. Good performance is obtained even for very high detector occupancies.
The TORCH time-of-flight detector Harnew, N.; Gao, R.; Hadavizadeh, T. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
03/2023, Letnik:
1048
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
TORCH is a large-area time-of-flight (ToF) detector, proposed for the Upgrade-II of the LHCb experiment. It will provide charged hadron identification over a 2–20 GeV/c momentum range, given a 9.5m ...flight distance from the LHC interaction point. To achieve this level of performance, a 15ps timing resolution per track is required. A TORCH prototype module having a 1250×660×10mm3 fused-silica radiator plate and equipped with two MCP-PMTs has been tested in a 8GeV/c CERN test-beam. Single-photon time resolutions of between 70–100ps have been achieved, dependent on the beam position in the radiator. The measured photon yields agree with expectations.
The TORCH time-of-flight detector is designed to provide a 15 ps timing resolution for charged particles, resulting in
π
/K particle identification up to 10 GeV/c momentum over a 10 m flight path. ...Cherenkov photons, produced in a quartz plate of 10 mm thickness, are focused onto an array of micro-channel plate photomultipliers (MCP-PMTs) which measure the photon arrival times and spatial positions. A half-scale (660 × 1250 × 10 mm
3
) TORCH demonstrator module has been tested in an 8 GeV/c mixed proton-pion beam at CERN. Customised square MCP-PMTs of active area 53 × 53 mm
2
and granularity 64 × 64 pixels have been employed, which have been developed in collaboration with an industrial partner. The single-photon timing performance and photon yields have been measured as a function of beam position in the radiator, giving measurements which are consistent with expectations. The expected performance of TORCH for high luminosity running of the LHCb Upgrade II has been simulated.
Performance of a prototype TORCH time-of-flight detector Bhasin, S.; Blake, T.; Brook, N.H. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
05/2023, Letnik:
1050
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
TORCH is a novel time-of-flight detector, designed to provide charged particle identification of pions, kaons and protons in the momentum range 2–20 GeV/c over a 9.5 m flight path. A detector module, ...comprising a 10 mm thick quartz plate, provides a source of Cherenkov photons which propagate via total internal reflection to one end of the plate. Here, the photons are focused onto an array of custom-designed Micro-Channel Plate Photo-Multiplier Tubes (MCP-PMTs) which measure their positions and arrival times. The target time resolution per photon is 70 ps which, for 30 detected photons per charged particle, results in a 10–15 ps time-of-flight resolution. A 1.25 m length TORCH prototype module employing two MCP-PMTs has been developed, and tested at the CERN PS using a charged hadron beam of 8 GeV/c momentum. The construction of the module, the properties of the MCP-PMTs and the readout electronics are described. Measurements of the collected photon yields and single-photon time resolutions have been performed as a function of particle entry points on the plate and compared to expectations. These studies show that the performance of the TORCH prototype approaches the design goals for the full-scale detector.
Picosecond timing of charged particles using the TORCH detector Cicala, M.F.; Bhasin, S.; Blake, T. ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
09/2022, Letnik:
1038
Journal Article
Recenzirano
Odprti dostop
TORCH is a large-area, high-precision time-of-flight (ToF) detector designed to provide charged-particle identification in the 2–20 GeV/c momentum range. Prompt Cherenkov photons emitted by charged ...hadrons as they traverse a 10 mm quartz radiator are propagated to the periphery of the detector, where they are focused onto an array of micro-channel plate photomultiplier tubes (MCP-PMTs). The position and arrival times of the photons are used to infer the particles’ time of entry in the radiator, to identify hadrons based on their ToF. The MCP-PMTs were developed with an industrial partner to satisfy the stringent requirements of the TORCH detector. The requirements include a finely segmented anode, excellent time resolution, and a long lifetime. Over an approximately 10 m flight distance, the difference in ToF between a kaon and a pion with 10 GeV/c momentum is 35 ps, leading to a 10–15 ps per track timing resolution requirement. On average 30 photons per hadron are detected, which translates to a single-photon time resolution of 70 ps. The TORCH R&D program aims to demonstrate the validity of the detector concept through laboratory and beam tests, results from which are presented. A timing resolution of 70–100 ps was reached in beam tests, approaching the TORCH design goal. Laboratory timing tests consist of operating the MCP-PMTs coupled to the TORCH readout electronics. A time resolution of 50 ps was measured, meeting the TORCH target timing resolution.
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