Although CP violation in the B meson system has been well established by the B factories, there has been no direct observation of time-reversal violation. The decays of entangled neutral B mesons ...into definite flavor states (B(0) or B(0)), and J/ψK(L)(0) or ccK(S)(0) final states (referred to as B(+) or B(-)), allow comparisons between the probabilities of four pairs of T-conjugated transitions, for example, B(0) → B(-) and B(-) → B(0), as a function of the time difference between the two B decays. Using 468 × 10(6) BB pairs produced in Υ(4S) decays collected by the BABAR detector at SLAC, we measure T-violating parameters in the time evolution of neutral B mesons, yielding ΔS(T)(+) = -1.37 ± 0.14(stat) ± 0.06(syst) and ΔS(T)(-) = 1.17 ± 0.18(stat) ± 0.11(syst). These nonzero results represent the first direct observation of T violation through the exchange of initial and final states in transitions that can only be connected by a T-symmetry transformation.
We study the process $e^+e^-\to\psi(2S)\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ with initial-state-radiation events produced at the PEP-II asymmetric-energy collider. The data were recorded with the \BaBar detector at ...center-of-mass energies at and near the $\Upsilon(\mathrm{nS})$ (n = 2, 3, 4) resonances and correspond to an integrated luminosity of 520$fb^{-}$. We investigate the $\psi(2S)\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ mass distribution from 3.95 to 5.95 $GeV/c^{2}$, and measure the center-of-mass energy dependence of the associated $e^+e^-\to \psi(2S)\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ cross section. The mass distribution exhibits evidence of two resonant structures. A fit to the $\psi(2S)\pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ mass distribution corresponding to the decay mode $\psi(2S)\to J/\psi \pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ yields a mass value of $4340 \pm16$ (stat) $\pm 9$ (syst) ${\mathrm {MeV/c^{2}}}and a width of $94 \pm 32$ (stat) $\pm 13$ (syst) MeV for the first resonance, and for the second a mass value of $4669 \pm 21$ (stat) $\pm 3$ (syst) ${\mathrm {MeV/c^{2}}}$ and a width of $104 \pm 48$ (stat) $\pm 10$ (syst) MeV. In addition, we show the $pi^{+}\pi^{-}$ mass distributions for these resonant regions.
We measure the mass difference Δm0 between the D*(2010)+ and the D0 and the natural linewidth Γ of the transition D*(2010)+ → D0π+. The data were recorded with the BABAR detector at center-of-mass ...energies at and near the Υ(4S) resonance, and correspond to an integrated luminosity of approximately 477 fb(-1). The D0 is reconstructed in the decay modes D0 → K- π+ and D0 → K- π+ π- π+. For the decay mode D0 → K- π+ we obtain Γ = (83.4±1.7±1.5) keV and Δm0 = (145425.6±0.6±1.7) keV, corrected where the quoted errors are statistical and systematic, respectively. For the D0 → K- π+ π- π+ mode we obtain Γ = (83.2±1.5±2.6) keV and Δm0 = (145426.6±0.5±1.9) keV. corrected The combined measurements yield Γ = (83.3±1.2±1.4) keV and Δm0 = (145425.9±0.4±1.7) keV; the width is a factor of approximately 12 times more precise than the previous value, while the mass difference is a factor of approximately 6 times more precise.
We present results of a search for CP violation in B0- B0 mixing with the BABAR detector. We select a sample of B0→D*- Xℓ+ ν decays with a partial reconstruction method and use kaon tagging to assess ...the flavor of the other B meson in the event. We determine the CP violating asymmetry ACP≡N(B0B0)-N(B0B0)/N(B0B0)+N(B0B0)=(0.06±0.17(-0.32)(+0.38))%, corresponding to ΔCP=1-|q/p|=(0.29±0.84(-1.61)(+1.88))×10(-3).
Based on the full BABAR data sample, we report improved measurements of the ratios R(D(*))=B(Bover ¯→D(*)τ(-)νover ¯(τ))/B(Bover ¯→D(*)ℓ(ℓ)(-)νover ¯(ℓ)), where ℓ is either e or μ. These ratios are ...sensitive to new physics contributions in the form of a charged Higgs boson. We measure R(D)=0.440±0.058±0.042 and R(D(*))=0.332±0.024±0.018, which exceed the standard model expectations by 2.0σ and 2.7σ, respectively. Taken together, our results disagree with these expectations at the 3.4σ level. This excess cannot be explained by a charged Higgs boson in the type II two-Higgs-doublet model.
We search for hadronic decays of a light Higgs boson (A(0)) produced in radiative decays of an Υ(2S) or Υ(3S) meson, Υ→γA(0). The data have been recorded by the BABAR experiment at the Υ(3S) and ...Υ(2S) center-of-mass energies and include (121.3±1.2)×10(6) Υ(3S) and (98.3±0.9)×10(6) Υ(2S) mesons. No significant signal is observed. We set 90% confidence level upper limits on the product branching fractions B(Υ(nS)→γA(0))B(A(0)→hadrons) (n=2 or 3) that range from 1×10(-6) for an A(0) mass of 0.3 GeV/c(2) to 8×10(-5) at 7 GeV/c(2).
We present measurements of Collins asymmetries in the inclusive process e + e − → π π X , where π stands for charged pions, at a center-of-mass energy of 10.6 GeV. We use a data sample of 468 fb ...− 1 collected by the BABAR experiment at the PEP-II B factory at SLAC, and consider pairs of charged pions produced in opposite hemispheres of hadronic events. We observe clear asymmetries in the distributions of the azimuthal angles in two distinct reference frames. We study the dependence of the asymmetry on several kinematic variables, finding that it increases with increasing pion momentum and momentum transverse to the analysis axis, and with increasing angle between the thrust and beam axis.
We present a measurement of the Cabibbo-Kobayashi-Maskawa matrix element |V(cb)| and the form-factor slope rho2 in B --> Dl- nu(l) decays based on 460x10(6) BB events recorded at the Upsilon(4S) ...resonance with the BABAR detector. B --> Dl- nu(l) decays are selected in events in which a hadronic decay of the second B meson is fully reconstructed. We measure B(B- --> D0 l- nu(l))/B(B- --> Xl- nu(l)) = (0.255+/-0.009+/-0.009) and B(B0 --> D+ l- nu(l))/B(B0 --> Xl- nu(l)) = (0.230+/-0.011+/-0.011), along with the differential decay distribution in B --> Dl- nu(l) decays. We then determine G(1)|V(cb)| = (42.3+/-1.9+/-1.4)x10(-3) and rho2 = 1.20+/-0.09+/-0.04, where G(1) is the hadronic form factor at the point of zero recoil.
We present evidence of D{0}-D-over {0} mixing using a time-dependent amplitude analysis of the decay D{0}-->K+pi{-}pi;{0} in a data sample of 384 fb{-1} collected with the BABAR detector at the ...PEP-II e+e{-} collider at the Stanford Linear Accelerator Center. Assuming CP conservation, we measure the mixing parameters x{Kpipi{0}}{'}=2.61{-0.68}{+0.57}(stat)+/-0.39(syst)%, y{Kpipi;{0}}{'}=-0.06{-0.64}{+0.55}(stat)+/-0.34(syst)%. This result is inconsistent with the no-mixing hypothesis with a significance of 3.2 standard deviations. We find no evidence of CP violation in mixing.
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