ARCHITECTURAL TECHNIQUE FOR SMOG ELIMINATION IN ALMATY Rakhimzhanova, L. Sh; Zhanbyrshy, A. M.; Bairov, K. B. ...
Izvestiâ Nacionalʹnoj akademii nauk Respubliki Kazahstan. Seriâ geologii i tehničeskih nauk,
09/2019, Letnik:
5, Številka:
437
Journal Article
Enabling Social Europe Mader, Katharina; Maydell v., B; Borchardt, K ...
2005, 2005-12-05, 20060101, Letnik:
26
eBook
'Enabling Social Europe' examines how the paradigm of the 'enabling welfare state' might offer a new perspective for European social policy in the decades to come. The 'enabling' concept is perceived ...as going beyond that of mere 'activation', thus also embracing policies aimed at increasing personal autonomy, individual responsibility and social inclusion by endowing individuals with the resources and capabilities needed to manage and balance their life courses in a better way. The study is distinguished by a unique collaboration of social and economic policy experts coming from a wide range of disciplines: economics, law, sociology, political science, and philosophy. The authors seek to shed new light on whether European social policy ought to play a role in the future and, if so, what sort of role that could be. They convincingly argue that despite an implicit normative consensus on the 'European social model', there is still room for a multifaceted world in which welfare regimes can maintain their own path-dependent ways of achieving a fair and just society with a high level of welfare for all. The empirical part of the book contains an appraisal of policies and reforms with a view to the 'enabling welfare state' approach in four important policy areas: health care, old-age security, family policy, and poverty prevention. Within each sector, the authors compare the policies and practices of two countries attributable to different regime types: Germany and the United Kingdom, Poland and Germany, Finland and Estonia, and Belgium and Denmark. This book is highly recommendable not only for scholars and policymakers active in this field, but also for students of welfare and labour economics, sociology, social policy, political science and law.
Designed primarily as a textbook for upper division undergraduate courses in gender and sport, gender issues, sport sociology, cultural sport studies, and women's studies, Gender Relations in Sport ...provides a comprehensive examination of the intersecting themes and concepts surrounding the study of gender and sport.
Wildfire is considered an important disturbance to boreal ecosystems in North America. It can affect carbon dynamics directly through combustion emissions, and indirectly through vegetation ...succession and removal of the surface organic layer, which might accelerate the degradation of permafrost and hence the release of soil carbon. At the regional scale, the direct effects of fire have received a lot of attention, but the evaluation of the indirect effects has been more limited because the appropriate tools have not yet developed for application at the regional scale. In this study, we developed a dynamic soil layer model (DSLM) used in the Terrestrial Ecosystem Model (TEM) to investigate the effects of changes of surface organic layer on soil temperature, moisture, and carbon dynamics. The DSLM consists of (1) a simultaneous heat and water transfer scheme, in which a Two-Directional Stefan Algorithm was used to provide a stable and efficient simulation of soil thermal dynamics in both seasonal frost and permafrost regions; (2) an explicit vertical distribution of soil carbon; (3) a conceptual model of removal of organic layer by wildfire; (4) and a conceptual model of recovery of organic layer after wildfire. DSLM-TEM was calibrated for black spruce, white spruce, deciduous and tundra vegetation types. DSLM-TEM was first tested on a tundra burn site and two black spruce fire chronosequences for its performance on soil temperature and moisture simulation. Several sensitivity tests have then been performed to investigate the effects of different schemes of organic layer removal and recovery on permafrost and carbon dynamics. Initial results showed that: (1) soil temperatures and soil moistures were well simulated; (2) active layer depth was sensitive to the thickness of the organic layer; and (3) the simulated organic layer thickness can reasonably represent the dynamics of soil organic layer development after fire disturbance.
PDF
