This article draws on philosophical pragmatism to examine the growing “new
materialist” and “socio-natural” sensitivities in international peacebuilding processes.
There has been a shift from the ...idea of liberal peace, in which international organizations
tried to impose liberal and democratic transitions in societies affected by conflict, towards
interventions that promote inclusive peace processes and put a premium on the material
elements of the everyday. In turn, these processes are much more experimental, uncertain
and unpredictable. The pragmatism of James and Dewey is useful both to understand the
limitations and criticisms of liberal peace, as well as to anticipate the opportunities and
risks that are taken when peace depends on everyday objects.
Este artículo acude al pragmatismo filosófico para dar sentido a las crecientes sensibilidades “neo-materialistas” o “socio-naturales” en los procesos de construcción de paz. Se ha evolucionado de la idea de paz liberal, en que organizaciones internacionales trataban de imponer transiciones liberales y democráticas en sociedades afectadas por el conflicto, hacia intervenciones que promueven procesos de paz inclusivos y que dan importancia a los elementos materiales sobre los que se edifica el día a día de las gentes. Estos procesos son mucho más experimentales, inciertos e imprevisibles. El pragmatismo de James y Dewey sirve tanto para entender las limitaciones y las críticas a la paz liberal, así como para intuir las oportunidades y riesgos que se toman cuando la paz depende de los objetos cotidianos.
L’asymétrie faciale (AF) ne semble pas être une fatalité quand elle n’est pas liée à une dysmorphose faciale d’origine syndromique. L’AF est, le plus souvent, la conséquence, des contraintes subies ...in utero et/ou pendant la parturition, voire des déformations crâniennes positionnelles acquises durant les premiers trimestres de vie. Le dépistage de l’AF est essentiel, et ses mesures initiales sont indispensables pour mesurer l’efficacité du traitement pour la réduire. Cet article expose divers cas cliniques infantiles, à divers âges, et la possibilité de leur prise en charge par un traitement ostéopathique pédiatrique dès les premières années et, plus tardivement par un traitement conjoint avec l’orthodontiste. Les résultats exposés semblent liés à l’action mécanotransductrice du traitement proposé.
Facial asymmetry (FA) does not appear to be inevitable unless it is linked to syndromic facial dysmorphosis. In most cases, FA is the consequence of stresses suffered in utero and/or during parturition, or of positional cranial deformities acquired in the first trimesters of life. Screening Investigation for FA is essential, and initial measurements are essential for measuring the effectiveness of treatment to reduce it. This article describes the clinical cases in children of various ages, and the possibility of managing them with osteopathic treatment in the early years and, later on, with joint treatment with an orthodontist. The results seem to be linked to the mechanotransductive action of the proposed treatment.
Biases present in maximum likelihood and parsimony are investigated through a simulation study in a 10-taxon case in which several long branches coexist with short branches in the modeled topology. ...The performance of these methods is explored while increasing the length of the long branches with different amounts of data. Also, simulations with different taxonomic sampling schemes are examined through this study. The presence of a strong bias in parsimony is corroborated: the well-known long-branch attraction. Likelihood performance is found to be sensitive to the mere presence extreme of branch length disparity, retrieving topologies compatible with long-branch attraction and long-branch repulsion, irrespective of the correctness of the model used.
El artículo aborda el microcosmos de internacionalismo y vanguardia localizado en Formentor (Mallorca) a principios de los años treinta. Partiendo del hotel Formentor como punto de encuentro se ...articulan tres ejes que dialogan entre si: arquitectura, fotografía y moda. Procedente de París y vinculado a la revista Harper’s Bazaar, Reynaldo Luza construyó una casa influenciada por el Movimiento Moderno y que fotografió Jean Moral, vinculado a la Nueva Visión. Al tiempo que modistos como Jean Patou vistieron a una generación de mujeres ávidas de modernidad y renovación adaptadas a nuevas prácticas sociales y deportivas. Un periodo que felicidad que pensaban sería eterno y que se vio interrumpido por las crisis económicas y políticas.
Outer membrane vesicles (OMV) contain immunogenic proteins and contribute to in vivo survival and virulence of bacterial pathogens. The first OMV vaccines successfully stopped Neisseria meningitidis ...serogroup B outbreaks but required detergent-extraction for endotoxin removal. Current vaccines use attenuated endotoxin, to preserve immunological properties and allow a detergent-free process. The preferred process is based on spontaneously released OMV (sOMV), which are most similar to in vivo vesicles and easier to purify. The release mechanism however is poorly understood resulting in low yield. This study with N. meningitidis demonstrates that an external stimulus, cysteine depletion, can trigger growth arrest and sOMV release in sufficient quantities for vaccine production (±1500 human doses per liter cultivation). Transcriptome analysis suggests that cysteine depletion impairs iron-sulfur protein assembly and causes oxidative stress. Involvement of oxidative stress is confirmed by showing that addition of reactive oxygen species during cysteine-rich growth also triggers vesiculation. The sOMV in this study are similar to vesicles from natural infection, therefore cysteine-dependent vesiculation is likely to be relevant for the in vivo pathogenesis of N. meningitidis.
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