A
bstract
We study the contributions of the resonant states
K
0
∗
(1430) and
K
0
∗
(1950) in the three-body decays
B → Kπh
(with
h
=
π, K
) in the perturbative QCD approach. The crucial ...nonperturbative input
F
Kπ
(
s
) in the distribution amplitudes of the
S
-wave
Kπ
system is derived from the matrix element of vacuum to
Kπ
pair. The
C P
averaged branching fraction of the quasi-two-body decay process
B →
K
0
∗
(1950)
h → Kπh
is about one order smaller than that of the corresponding decay
B →
K
0
∗
(1430)
h → Kπh
. In view of the important contribution from the
S
-wave
Kπ
system for the
B → Kπh
decays, it is not appropriate to neglect the
K
0
∗
(1950) in the theoretical or experimental studies for the relevant three-body
B
meson decays. The predictions in this work for the relevant decays are consistent with the existing experimental data.
In this paper, we studied the B(s)→(D(s),D¯(s))ρ→(D(s),D¯(s))ππ decays by employing a framework for the quasi-two-body decays in the perturbative QCD (PQCD) factorization approach. We use the ...two-pion distribution amplitudes Φππ, which contains both resonant and nonresonant contributions from the pion pair, to describe the final state interactions (FSIs) between the pions in the resonant region. We found that (a) for all considered decays, the PQCD predictions for their branching ratios based on the quasi-two-body and the two-body framework agree well with each other due to B(ρ→ππ)≈100%; For B+→D0¯ρ+→D0¯π+π0 and other four considered decay modes, the PQCD predictions do agree well with the measured values within errors; (b) the great difference between the PQCD predictions for B(B→D¯ρ→D¯ππ) and B(B→Dρ→Dππ) can be understood by the strong CKM suppression factor RCKM≈3×10−4; (c) for the Bs→Dρ→Dππ and Bs→D¯ρ→D¯ππ decays, however, the PQCD predictions of Rs1≈0.13 and Rs2≈0.14 do agree very well with the moderate CKM suppression factor RCKMs≈0.14; and (d) the PQCD predictions for the ratios RDρ and the strong phase difference cosδDρ of the three B→D¯ρ decay modes agree well with the LHCb measurements within one standard deviation.
Genetic parameters for resistance to Vibrio anguillarum in Scophthalmus maximus were estimated using three different statistical models. Data were recorded from an experimental infection performed on ...2,400 individuals from 30 full‐sib groups. Cross‐sectional linear model and cross‐sectional threshold probit model were used to analyse the test‐period survival; the cross‐sectional threshold logit models were used to analyse the test‐day survival. The heritability values estimated by cross‐sectional linear model (CSL), cross‐sectional threshold (probit) model (THRp) and cross‐sectional threshold (logit) model (THRl) were 0.202 ± 0.101, 0.296 ± 0.168 and 0.110 ± 0.023, respectively. The correlation coefficients between the full‐sib families’ estimated breeding values (EBVs) based on these three models were over 0.993. An almost identical ranking of families was generated using any of these models. Accuracy of selection using CSL, THRp and THRl models was 0.783, 0.789 and 0.801, respectively. Accuracy of selection based on the THRl model was higher than that based on CSL and THRp models.
In this paper, we calculated the branching ratios of the quasi-two-body decays B→ηc(1S,2S)ρ(770),ρ(1450),ρ(1700)→ππ by employing the perturbative QCD (PQCD) approach. The contributions from the ...P-wave resonances ρ(770), ρ(1450) and ρ(1700) were taken into account. The two-pion distribution amplitude ΦππP is parameterized by the vector current time-like form factor Fπ to study the considered decay modes. We found that (a) the PQCD predictions for the branching ratios of the considered quasi-two-body decays are in the order of 10−7∼10−6, while the two-body decay rates B(B→ηc(1S,2S)(ρ(1450),ρ(1700))) are extracted from those for the corresponding quasi-two-body decays; (b) the whole pattern of the pion form factor-squared |Fπ|2 measured by the BABAR Collaboration could be understood based on our theoretical results; (c) the general expectation based on the similarity between B→ηcππ and B→J/ψππ decays are confirmed: R2(ηc)≈0.45 is consistent with the measured R2(J/ψ)≈0.56±0.09 within errors; and (d) new ratios R3(ηc(1S)) and R4(ηc(2S)) among the branching ratios of the considered decay modes are defined and could be tested by future experiments.
A potassium carbonate promoted tandem oxy-Michael addition/cyclization of α,β-unsaturated carbonyl compounds with naphthol derivatives for the synthesis of 2-substituted naphthopyrans was developed. ...Using the readily available, inexpensive potassium carbonate as the promoter, a range of different substituted naphthopyrans were prepared.
A palladium catalyzed reductive aminocarbonylation of benzylic ammonium triflates with nitroarenes for the synthesis of phenylacetamides was developed. Using Pd(acac)2/DPPF catalyst system, a range ...of different substituted phenylacetamides were prepared in moderate to good yields from benzylic ammonium triflates and nitroarenes through Csp3−N bond cleavage. A variety of alkyl, aryl, and halide substituents on both substrates can be used, and many useful functional groups can be tolerated.
In this study, 1,800 turbot (Scophthalmus maximus) individuals from 30 full‐sib families were experimentally infected with Vibrio anguillarum, and the expression levels of the immune factors ...lysozyme, hepcidin, heat‐shock protein 70 (HSP70), HSP90, immunoglobulin M (IgM), C‐type lectin and Lily‐type lectin in the liver were measured by real‐time PCR. Heritability values of the seven immune factors were 0.289 ± 0.087, 0.092 ± 0.024, 0.282 ± 0.043, 0.244 ± 0.027, 0.343 ± 0.081, 0.092 ± 0.011 and 0.084 ± 0.009, respectively. The ranges of phenotypic, genetic and environmental correlations were –0.889 to 0.759, –0.841 to 0.888 and –0.919 to 0.883, respectively. The heritability values of HSP70, HSP90 and IgM were moderate, and the genetic correlations between HSP70, HSP90 and IgM were moderate to highly positive, which suggests that the immunocompetence of turbot against V. anguillarum can be improved by genetically improving these three immune characters via multi‐trait integrated breeding technology or indirect selection.
In this paper, we studied the quasi-two-body Bc→D(s)ρ(770),ρ(1450),ρ(1700)→ππ decays by employing the perturbative QCD (PQCD) factorization approach. The two-pion distribution amplitudes Φππ are ...applied to include the final-state interactions between the pion pair, while the time-like form factors Fπ(w2) associated with the P-wave resonant states ρ(770), ρ(1450) and ρ(1700) are extracted from the experimental data of the e+e− annihilation. We found that: (a) the PQCD predictions for the branching ratios of the quasi-two-body Bc→D(s)ρ(770),ρ(1450),ρ(1700)→ππ decays are in the order of 10−9 to 10−5 and the direct CP violations around (10−40)% in magnitude; (b) the two sets of the large hierarchy R1a,1b,1c and R2a,2b,2c for the ratios of the branching ratios of the considered decays are defined and can be understood in the PQCD factorization approach, while the self-consistency between the quasi-two-body and two-body framework for Bc→D(s)ρ(770)→ππ and Bc→D(s)ρ(770) decays are confirmed by our numerical results; (c) taking currently known B(ρ(1450)→ππ) and B(ρ(1700)→ππ) as input, we extracted the theoretical predictions for B(Bc→Dρ(1450)) and B(Bc→Dρ(1700)) from the PQCD predictions for the decay rates of the quasi-two-body decays Bc→Dρ(1450),ρ(1700)→ππ. All the PQCD predictions will be tested in the future experiments.
A copper catalyzed borocarbonylation of BCPs
via
proximal C-C bond cleavage for the synthesis of γ-boryl-γ,δ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds has been developed. Using substituted ...benzylidenecyclopropanes (BCPs) and chloroformates as starting material, a broad range of γ-boryl-γ,δ-unsaturated esters were prepared in moderate to excellent yields with excellent regio- and stereoselectivity. Besides, when aliphatic acid chlorides were used in this reaction, γ-boryl-γ,δ-unsaturated ketones could be produced in excellent yields. When substituted BCPs were used as substrates, the borocarbonylation occurred predominantly at the proximal C-C bond
trans
to the phenyl group in a regio- and stereoselective manner, which leads to the
Z
-isomers as the products. This efficient methodology involves the cleavage of a C-C bond and the formation of a C-C bond as well as a C-B bond, and provides a new method for the proximal C-C bond difunctionalization of BCPs.
A copper catalyzed borocarbonylation of benzylidenecyclopropanes (BCPs)
via
proximal C-C bond cleavage for the synthesis of γ-boryl-γ,δ-unsaturated carbonyl compounds has been developed.
Herein, a Sc(OTf)
-catalyzed (3+2) annulation of 2-indolylmethanols with propargylic alcohols is reported. The reaction proceeds via a Friedel-Crafts-type allenylation/5-exo-annulation cascade. In ...the reaction, 2-indolylmethanol is used as a three-carbon synthon, and propargyl alcohol is used as a two-carbon synthon. This method provides a direct and high-yield pathway for synthetically useful cyclopenta
indoles. In general, the method features easily accessible substrates with broad scope and generality, the formation of multiple bonds with high efficiency, and easy scale-up.
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