Magnetic molecularly imprinted nanoparticles (MMIPs) with improved dispersity and an increased number of adsorption sites are described. Uniform silica layers were first deposited on the surface of ...Fe
3
O
4
nanoparticles (Fe
3
O
4
NPs) in order to improve the dispersity of magnetic nanoparticles. Then, 4-formylphenylboronic acid (FPBA) as functional monomer was immobilized on the magnetic carriers to improve the efficiency of template eluting and rebinding. A thin layer of polyaniline imprinted with horseradish peroxidase (HRP) as a model glycoprotein was then placed on the magnetic nanoparticles to enhance the dispersity of the resultant MMIPs. These exhibit high adsorption capacity (62 mg g
−1
), a satisfactory imprinting factor ( 3.78) and short adsorption equilibrium time (40 min) toward HRP, and the limit of detection is 18.7 μg L
−1
. This kind of MMIPs, therefore, is deemed being a useful tool for extracting low-abundance glycoproteins from even complex samples.
Graphical abstract
Schematic of the preparation of magnetic molecular imprinted nanoparticles using Fe
3
O
4
nanoparticles as carriers, 4-formylphenylboronic acid as functional monomer, aniline as cross linker and horseradish peroxidase as template. TEOS: tetraethyl orthosilicate; APTES: 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane; FPBA: 4-formylphenylboronic acid; HRP: horseradish peroxidase.
The significance of peri-neural invasion (PNI) in resected patients with hilar cholangiocarcinoma (HCCA) has been rarely explored. Our study was performed to evaluate the significance of PNI in ...resected HCCA patients in terms of tumor biological features and long-term survival.
We retrospectively reviewed surgically-treated HCCA patients between June, 2000 and June 2018. SPSS 25.0 software was used for statistical analysis.
A total of 239 resected HCCA patients were included (No. PNI: 138). PNI indicated more aggressive tumor biological features. Major vascular reconstruction was more frequently performed in patients with PNI (34.8% vs 24.8%, P = 0.064). Patients with PNI shared a significantly higher percentage of surgical margin width <5 mm (29.0% vs 16.8%, P = 0.02). The proportion of patients with T1-2 disease (31.2% vs 40.6%, P = 0.085) or I-II disease (21% vs 34.7%, P = 0.014) was significantly lower in patients with PNI. The overall morbidity rate was significantly higher in patients with PNI (P = 0.042). A much worse overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0003) or disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.0011) in patients with PNI. Even after matching vital prognostic factors, a significantly worse OS (P = 0.0003) or DFS (P = 0.0002) was still observed in patients with PNI. PNI was an independent prognostic factor in both OS (P = 0.011) and DFS (P = 0.024).
PNI indicated more aggressive tumor biological features and more advanced tumor stage in patients with resected HCCA. PNI can be an independent prognostic factor in both OS and DFS. Future multi-center studies covering various races or populations are required for further validation.
Sorafenib is the standard treatment for patients with advanced HCC with improvement in survival and radiologic progression of the disease. Recently, few studies have advocated the Sorafenib + HAIC ...combination therapy results in better overall survival and progression-free survival than Sorafenib monotherapy in patients with advanced HCC. Herein, we aim to identify the best possible treatment option among the above two lines of therapy for patients with advanced HCC.
The fixed effects and a random-effects model were used to perform a meta-analysis for overall response rate overall survival, and adverse events. Subgroup analysis of the data of univariate analysis in each included trial was performed to identify the specific patient population who could be benefitted from the combination therapy.
Four RCTs containing 609 patients were included in the final analysis. The overall response rate (OR: 3.81; 95% CI 1.01 to 14.42; P = 0.05) and overall survival (HR: 0.70; 95% CI 0.40 to 1.24; P > 0.05) were comparable. Subgroup analysis of OS showed that patients with Child-Pugh score B (HR: 0.30; 95% CI 0.13 to 0.72; P < 0.05) and AFP <400 ng/ml (HR: 0.72; 95% CI 0.52 to 0.99; P < 0.05) were associated with significantly improved survival in the Sorafenib + HAIC group. Bone marrow suppression (OR: 3.76; 95% CI 2.58 to 5.48; P < 0.001) was significantly higher in the Sorafenib + HAIC group, but hepatic function impairment, constitutional symptoms, gastrointestinal events, and dermatological events were comparable (p > 0.05).
Patients with Child-Pugh score B and AFP <400 ng/ml may be benefited most from Sorafenib + HAIC combination therapy.
•Both kinds of therapy have similar ORR and OS.•Sorafenib + HAIC is associated with survival benefit in patients with AFP <400 ng/ml and Child-Pugh score B.•Sorafenib + HAIC combination chemotherapy is associated with a significantly higher risk of bone marrow suppression.
Our meta-analysis was performed to explore the prognostic factors for overall survival among post-hepatectomy patients with spontaneous ruptured hepatocellular carcinoma (SRHCC).
PubMed, EMBASE, the ...Cochrane Library, and Web of Science were all searched up for relevant studies regarding prognostic factors with SRHCC. RevMan5.3 software and Stata 14.0 software were used for statistical analysis.
A total of nineteen studies with 1876 resected SRHCC patients were finally identified. Pooled results indicated that preoperative AFP (high vs low) (P = 0.003), concurrent liver cirrhosis (yes vs no) (P = 0.02), preoperative liver function (child A vs non-child A) (P = 0.0007), tumor size (large vs small) (P < 0.00001), tumor number (solitary vs multiple) (P = 0.002), satellite foci (yes vs no) (P = 0.0006), micro-vascular invasion (yes vs no) (P < 0.00001), type of hepatectomy (major or minor) (P = 0.04), surgical margin (R + vs R −) (P < 0.00001), and type of hepatectomy (emergency hepatectomy vs staged hepatectomy) (P = 0.005) were prognostic factors for overall survival among post-hepatectomy SRHCC patients.
Apart from some conventional prognostic factors identified in resected patients with SRHCC, numerous prognostic factors have also been unmasked, which might provide clinical reference to stratify patients with different therapeutic regimes.
Objective
To evaluate the significance of tumor locations in patients with resected gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and to supply the indication of extra-hepatic bile duct resection (EHBDR) according to ...tumor locations.
Methods
Patients with resected GBC from 2010 to 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Comparative analyses and a meta-analysis were performed according to different tumor locations (body/fundus/neck/cystic duct).
Results
Article: A total of 259 patients were identified (neck: 71; cystic: 29; body: 51; fundus: 108). Patients with proximal tumors (neck/cystic duct) were often in a more advanced stage and had more aggressive tumor biological features as well as a worse prognosis compared with those with distal tumors (fundus/body). Moreover, the observation was even more obvious between cystic duct and non-cystic duct tumors. Cystic duct tumor was an independent prognostic factor for overall survival (
P
= 0.01). EHBDR provided no survival advantage even in those with cystic duct tumor. Meta-analysis: With our own cohort incorporated, five studies with 204 patients with proximal tumors and 5167 patients with distal tumors were identified. Pooled results revealed that proximal tumors indicated worse tumor biological features and prognosis versus distal tumors.
Conclusion
Proximal GBC had more aggressive tumor biological features, and a worse prognosis versus distal GBC and cystic duct tumor can be regarded as an independent prognostic factor. EHBDR had no obvious survival advantage even in those with cystic duct tumor and was even harmful in those with distal tumors. Upcoming more powerful well-designed studies are required for further validation.
This paper considers interference management and capacity improvement for Internet of Things (IoT) oriented two-tier networks by exploiting cognition between network tiers with interference alignment ...(IA). More specifically, we target our efforts on the next generation two-tier networks, where a tier of femtocell serving multiple IoT devices shares the licensed spectrum with a tier of pre-existing macrocell via a cognitive radio. Aiming to manage the cross-tier interference caused by cognitive spectrum sharing as well as ensure an optimal capacity of the femtocell, two novel self-organizing cognitive IA schemes are proposed. First, we propose an interference nulling based cognitive IA scheme. In such a scheme, both co-tier and cross-tier interferences are aligned into the orthogonal subspace at each IoT receiver, which means all the interference can be perfectly eliminated without causing any performance degradation on the macrocell. However, it is known that the interference nulling based IA algorithm achieves its optimum only in high signal to noise ratio (SNR) scenarios, where the noise power is negligible. Consequently, when the imposed interference-free constraint on the femtocell can be relaxed, we also present a partial cognitive IA scheme that further enhances the network performance under a low and intermediate SNR. Additionally, the feasibility conditions and capacity analyses of the proposed schemes are provided. Both theoretical and numerical results demonstrate that the proposed cognitive IA schemes outperform the traditional orthogonal precoding methods in terms of network capacity, while preserving for macrocell users the desired quality of service.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the similarities and differences between gallbladder adenosquamous carcinoma (GBASC) and pure gallbladder adenocarcinoma (GBAC).
Patients with GBASC and GBAC from ...2010 to 2020 were analyzed in terms of clinicopathological features and long-term survival. Moreover, a meta-analysis was also performed for further validation.
A total of 304 patients with resected GBC were identified, including 34 patients with GBASC and 270 patients with GBAC. Patients with GBASC had a significantly higher preoperative CA199 level (P <0.0001), a significantly higher incidence of liver invasion (P <0.0001), a relatively larger tumor size (P = 0.060), and a significantly higher proportion of patients with T3-4 (P <0.0001) or III-IV disease (P = 0.003). A comparable R0 rate was obtained between two groups (P = 0.328). A significantly worse overall survival (OS) (P = 0.0002) or disease-free survival (DFS) (P = 0.0002) was observed in the GBASC. After propensity score matching, comparable OS (P = 0.9093) and DFS (P = 0.1494) were obtained. Clear margin (P = 0.001), node metastasis (P <0.0001), T stage (P <0.0001), and postoperative adjuvant chemoradiotherapy (P <0.0001) were independent prognostic factors for OS for the entire cohort. Adjuvant chemoradiotherapy had a survival benefit for patients with GBAC, while the survival benefit was still being validated in patients with GBASC.
With our cohort incorporated, a total of seven studies involving 1,434 patients with GBASC/squamous carcinoma (SC) were identified. GBASC/SC shared a worse prognosis (P <0.00001) and more aggressive tumor biological features than GBAC.
GBASC/SC shared more aggressive tumor biological features and a much worse prognosis than those with pure GBAC.
Previous studies have explored the role of laparoscopic surgery (LS) in the surgical management of gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) and obtained satisfactory outcomes versus conventional open surgery. ...However, most of them either included a small number of patients or mainly focused on the early-staged lesions. Therefore, their results were less statistical powerful and a more comprehensive evaluation on the role of LS in GBC is warranted. A thorough database searching was performed in PubMed, EMBASE and Cochrane Library for comparative studies between the laparoscopic and open approach in the surgical management of GBC and 18 comparative studies were finally identified. RevMan 5.3 and Stata 13.0 software were used for statistical analyses. Pooled results revealed that patients in the laparoscopic group recovered faster with less intraoperative hemorrhage and less postoperative morbidity. Comparable operative time, overall recurrence rate, R0 resection rate, lymph node yield, intraoperative gallbladder violation rate and postoperative survival outcomes were also acquired. Regarding the debating issue of port-site recurrence, a significantly higher incidence of port-site recurrence was observed in laparoscopic group. However, having excluded studies on incidental gallbladder carcinoma, the subsequent pooled result showed no significant difference. Considering the inherent inconsistency of the surgical indication between laparoscopic and open surgeries and the deficiency of advanced lesions, we drew a conclusion that laparoscopic surgery seems to be only safe and feasible for early- or middle-staged lesions. Upcoming random controlled trials or comparative studies with equivalent surgical indication focused on advanced lesions are warranted for further evaluation.
Combined hepatocellular carcinoma and cholangiocarcinoma (CHCC-CC) is a rare subtype of primary liver malignancy and has been treated equally as intra-hepatic cholangiocarcinoma (IHCC) according to ...the 8th AJCC staging system. Owing to its rarity, its prognostic factors have been rarely explored and defined.
PubMed, EMBASE, the Cochrane Library and Web of Science were searched up till January 1st, 2023 and eligible studies were restricted to studies reported prognostic factors of resected CHCC-CC. Standard Parmar modifications were used to determine pooled univariable hazard ratios (HRs).
A total of eleven studies with 1286 patients with resected classical CHCC-CC were finally included. Pooled results indicated that serum tumor biomarkers, including AFP, CA199, and CEA, were prognostic factors for postoperative overall survival (OS) and disease-free survival (DFS). Moreover, liver cirrhosis (P = 0.010), HBV infection (P = 0.030), and HCV infection (P < 0.001) were prognostic factors for OS. Age (HR = 1.03, P = 0.005) was a prognostic factor for DFS. Tumor size (OS: HR = 2, P < 0.001, DFS: HR = 2.15, P < 0.001), tumor number (OS: HR = 2.05, P < 0.001; DFS: HR = 1.96, P = 0.006), surgical margin (OS: HR = 2.33, <0.001001; DFS: HR = 2.35, P < 0.001), node metastasis (OS: HR = 2.96, P < 0.001; DFS: HR = 2.1, P < 0.001), vascular invasion (OS: HR = 2.17, P < 0.001; DFS: HR = 2.64, P < 0.001), and postoperative prophylactic trans-arterial chemotherapy embolization (PPTACE) (OS: HR = 1.67, P = 0.04; DFS: HR = 2.31, P < 0.001) were common prognostic factors for OS and DFS.
Various risk factors unmentioned in the 8th AJCC staging system were identified. These promising findings would facilitate a more personalized predictive model and help clinicians to stratify patients with different survival outcomes.
Boronate-affinity based molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs) are beset by the unsatisfied adsorption capacity and narrow working pH ranges. A magnetic molecularly imprinted polymer containing ...phenylboronic acid groups was placed on the surface of Fe
O
(magnetite) microspheres coated with porous TiO
(Fe
O
@pTiO
@MIP). In contrast to its silica analog (Fe
O
@SiO
@MIP), the flowerlike Fe
O
@pTiO
offers more binding sites for templates. Thus, the adsorption capacity of the Fe
O
@pTiO
@MIP is strongly enhanced. The strong electron-withdrawing effects of Ti(IV) enable the boronic acid of the MIP to have better affinity for glycoproteins at a wide pH range from 6.0 to 9.0. Consequently, the Fe
O
@pTiO
@MIP exhibits higher adsorption for glycoproteins than Fe
O
@SiO
@MIP in both basic and acidic medium. The Fe
O
@pTiO
@MIPs were eluted with 5% acetic acid aqueous solution containing 30% acetonitrile, and the eluate was analyzed by MALDI-TOF MS. The method was applied to the selective extraction and quantitation of horseradish peroxidase (HRP) in spiked fetal bovine serum (FBS). The linear range is 0.40-10 μg·mL
with the limit of detection of 0.31 μg·mL
. In our perception, this work has a wide scope in that is paves the way to a more widespread application of boronate affinity based MIPs for analysis of glycoproteins and related glyco compounds even at moderately acidic pH values. Graphical abstract Schematic presentation of the magnetic boronate modified molecularly imprinted polymer on magnetic spheres modified with porous TiO
(Fe
O
@pTiO
@MIP). It was applied to extract glycoprotein in spiked both basic fetal bovine serum (FBS) and acidic urine samples prior to quantitation by MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry.
PDF
