In this study, we utilize the acquisition device from Open Pose to capture the joint points of human posture. Subsequent to data collection, each joint point undergoes a coordinate regularization ...process, using the neck coordinates as a reference, to derive human skeleton data. This processed data facilitates the extraction of angles and relative distances among all human body limbs, effectively capturing characteristic feature information. This information is subsequently imported into the Iclone software, where it is refined using a fitting tool to develop a bespoke character model. Following the character's construction, the study leverages NURBS curve modeling and Polygon polygon modeling technologies within the 3D software MAYA to achieve precise scene modeling. This approach culminates in the production of an animated performance that integrates virtual reality technology, with its effects thoroughly analyzed. During Action A, the animation method developed in this study yielded an average running frame rate of 96.54 frames per second, and the average texture size was 6.39 MB. These metrics significantly surpass those achieved by comparative methods. Moreover, the efficiency of animation scene production in this study (0.134339 seconds) substantially exceeds that of the control method (0.273984 seconds), thereby enhancing the level of animation design technology and presenting a more lifelike 3D virtual animation.
Anti-programmed death-1 (PD-1) receptor-based therapeutics improve survival in patients with recurrent head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC), but many do not benefit due to a low response ...rate. Herein, we identified EZH2 as a therapeutic target that enhanced tumor cell antigen presentation and subsequently sensitized resistant tumors to anti-PD-1 therapy.
EZH2 regulation of antigen presentation was defined using EZH2 inhibitors (GSK126 and EPZ6438) in human and mouse HNSCC cell lines. Mechanistic dissection of EZH2 in regulation of antigen presentation was investigated using flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, ELISA, and chromatin-immunoprecipitation assays.
-deficient cell lines were generated using CRISPR-CAS9. GSK126 and anti-PD-1-blocking antibody were used in testing combinatorial therapy
.
EZH2 expression was negatively correlated with antigen-processing machinery pathway components in HNSCC data sets in The Cancer Genome Atlas. EZH2 inhibition resulted in significant upregulation of MHC class I expression in human and mouse human papillomavirus-negative HNSCC lines
and in mouse models
. Enhanced antigen presentation on the tumor cells by EZH2 inhibitors or CRISPR-mediated EZH2 deficiency increased antigen-specific CD8
T-cell proliferation, IFNγ production, and tumor cell cytotoxicity. Mechanistically, EZH2 inhibition reduced the histone H3K27me3 modification on the β-2-microglobulin promoter. Finally, in an anti-PD-1-resistant model of HNSCC, tumor growth was suppressed with combination therapy.
Our results demonstrated that targeting EZH2 enhanced antigen presentation and was able to circumvent anti-PD-1 resistance. Thus, combining EZH2 targeting with anti-PD-1 may increase therapeutic susceptibility in HNSCC.
Aims/Introduction
Asprosin is a novel secreted adipokine that is induced by fasting and promotes hepatic glucose release. In healthy humans, circulating asprosin shows circadian oscillation with an ...acute drop coinciding with the onset of eating. The present study investigated whether this circadian oscillation still exists in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.
Materials and Methods
We recruited 60 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and 60 individuals with normal glucose tolerance (NGT). All participants completed a 75‐g oral glucose tolerance test. Fasting and 2‐h postprandial serum asprosin concentrations were measured by the enzyme‐linked immunosorbent assay method. Partial correlation coefficients were calculated to analyze the relationships between serum asprosin level and parameters of glucose metabolism. Multiple logistic regression analysis was used to determine the association of serum asprosin level with diabetes.
Results
Both fasting and postprandial asprosin levels were significantly higher in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus. The postprandial asprosin level was apparently lower than fasting asprosin level in individuals with NGT. The fasting asprosin level closely correlated with type 2 diabetes mellitus after multiple adjustment (odds ratio 2.329, P = 0.023). Asprosin correlated negatively with change in blood glucose (r = −0.502, P < 0.001) and change in C‐peptide (r = −0.467, P < 0.001) in individuals with NGT, but not in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients.
Conclusions
Serum asprosin level decreased coinciding with the onset of the oral glucose tolerance test in individuals with NGT, whereas this circadian oscillation was disturbed in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients. The impaired response of asprosin to glucose fluctuation in type 2 diabetes mellitus patients might be one of the reasons for the onset of type 2 diabetes mellitus.
We found that serum asprosin level decreased coinciding with the onset of the oral glucose tolerance test in individuals with normal glucose tolerance, whereas this circadian oscillation was disturbed in type 2 diabetes patients. The response of asprosin to glucose fluctuation was impaired in type 2 diabetes patients, which might be one of the reasons for the onset of type 2 diabetes.
Plants have evolved a repertoire of strategies collectively termed the shade-avoidance syndrome to avoid shade from canopy and compete for light with their neighbors. However, the signaling mechanism ...governing the adaptive changes of adult plant architecture to shade is not well understood. Here, we show that in Arabidopsis, compared with the wild type, several PHYTOCHROME-INTERACTING FACTORS (PIFS) overexpressors all display constitutive shade-avoidance syndrome under normal high red to far-red light ratio conditions but are less sensitive to the simulated shade, whereas the MIR156 overexpressors exhibit an opposite phenotype. The simulated shade induces rapid accumulation of PIF proteins, reduced expression of multiple MIR156 genes, and concomitant elevated expression of the SQUAMOSA-PROMOTER BINDING PROTEIN-LIKE (SPL) family genes. Moreover, in vivo and in vitro assays indicate that PIFs bind to the promoters of several MIR156 genes directly and repress their expression. Our results establish a direct functional link between the phytochrome-PIFs and miR156-SPL regulatory modules in mediating shade-avoidance syndrome.Plants employ developmental strategies to avoid shade and compete with neighbors for light. Here, Xie et al. show that phytochrome-interacting factors, which are regulated in a light-dependent manner, directly repress MIR156 genes and promote the expression of SPL genes to enhance shade-avoidance responses.
The paper proposes an identification method for the fractional Hammerstein state space model with colored noise. The traditional identification algorithms of this model suffer from problems such as ...parameter coupling, unknown intermediate state variables, difficulty in processing noise signal coloring, and low identification accuracy. The proposed method is based on the principle of multiple innovations and involves constructing the partial derivative system of the system output to the system parameters, calculating the sensitivity function for the fractional order, and using historical data with current data to obtain the objective function and its gradient and Hessian matrix. The parameters and fractional orders are then iteratively updated through the Levenberg–Marquardt algorithm. The algorithm's robustness is verified through multiple Monte Carlo experiments under different signal-to-noise ratios on an academic example, and its practicability is demonstrated by applying it to an actual heating system.
The National Sustainable Development Agenda Innovation Demonstration Zones (NSDAIDZs) aim to spearhead green development through scientific and technological innovation, showcasing sustainable ...development to other regions in China and offering valuable insights for countries worldwide. Taking Chengde City, which is one of the cities in the second batch of NSDAIDZs, as a case study, we examine the quantitative impact of technological innovation on green development. Additionally, it investigates the threshold effect of Research and development investments (R&D investments) on the relationship between technological innovation and green development. The results indicate that: (1) technological innovation has a positive promoting effect on green development, with a 1.01% increase in green development for every one unit increase in technological innovation; (2) The positive effect of technological innovation on green development becomes fully realized only when R&D investments and the upgrading of industrial structure surpass a specific threshold value. We contribute to the existing research on the connection between technological innovation and green development in innovation demonstration zones. It also provides empirical insights to foster a mutually beneficial relationship between R&D investments, industrial structure upgrading, and technological innovation, ultimately maximizing the promoting role of technological innovation in green development.
Intra-frame distortion drift is a big problem of data hiding in H.264/AVC video streams. Based on a thorough investigation of this problem, a novel readable data-hiding algorithm, which can embed ...data into the quantized discrete cosine transform (DCT) coefficients of I frames without bringing any intra-frame distortion drift into the H.264/advanced video coding (AVC) video host, is presented in this paper. We exploit several paired-coefficients of a 4 × 4 DCT block to accumulate the embedding induced distortion. The directions of intra-frame prediction are utilized to avert the distortion drift. It is proved analytically and shown experimentally that the proposed algorithm can achieve high embedding capacity and low visual distortion. Performance comparisons with other existing schemes are provided to demonstrate the superiority of the proposed scheme.
Objective:
The relationship between serum osteocalcin levels and body fat distribution remains unclear. This study aimed to investigate the association between serum osteocalcin levels and visceral ...fat area (VFA) in Chinese men.
Design:
Total serum osteocalcin levels were measured in 1768 Chinese men (22–75 yr old) by electrochemiluminescence immunoassay. VFA was quantified via magnetic resonance imaging. Correlation analyses were carried out for serum osteocalcin levels and clinical parameters. Subgroup analysis was carried out to confirm the correlations using subjects with normal glucose tolerance and normal body mass index chosen from the entire study population.
Results:
Increased serum osteocalcin levels were accompanied by a decreasing trend in all anthropometric indices of obesity, systolic blood pressure, blood glucose, insulin resistance index, triglycerides, free fatty acid, and C-reactive protein levels (all P < 0.05). The 50–75th (osteocalcin level: 16.18–19.88 ng/ml) and 75th (≥19.89 ng/ml) percentile groups had lower VFA than the 25th (≤13.11 ng/ml) and 25–50th (13.12–16.17 ng/ml) percentile groups (96.0 ± 44.4 and 89.8 ± 44.4 cm2 vs. 108.1 ± 41.9 and 102.9 ± 44.9 cm2, P < 0.05). A decreasing trend in serum osteocalcin levels was found to accompany the increase in VFA. Multiple stepwise regression analysis showed that VFA, as an independent factor, was inversely associated with serum osteocalcin levels both in the entire study population and subgroup population (all P < 0.01).
Conclusions:
Serum osteocalcin levels were inversely correlated with VFA in Chinese men.
Plants have evolved an array of adaptive responses to low Pi availability, a process modulated by various external stimuli and endogenous growth regulatory signals. Little is known about how these ...signaling processes interact to produce an integrated response. Arabidopsis thaliana PHOSPHATE STARVATION RESPONSE1 (PHR1) encodes a conserved MYB-type transcription factor that is essential for programming Pi starvation-induced gene expression and downstream Pi starvation responses (PSRs). Here, we show that loss-of-function mutations in FHY3 and FAR1, encoding two positive regulators of phytochrome signaling, and in EIN3, encoding a master regulator of ethylene responses, cause attenuated PHR1 expression, whereas mutation in HY5, encoding another positive regulator of light signaling, causes increased PHR1 expression. FHY3, FAR1, HY5, and EIN3 directly bind to the PHR1 promoter through distinct cis-elements. FHY3, FAR1, and EIN3 activate, while HY5 represses, PHR1 expression. FHY3 directly interacts with EIN3, and HY5 suppresses the transcriptional activation activity of FHY3 and EIN3 on PHR1. Finally, both light and ethylene promote FHY3 protein accumulation, and ethylene blocks the light-promoted stabilization of HY5. Our results suggest that light and ethylene coordinately regulate PHR1 expression and PSRs through signaling convergence at the PHR1 promoter.
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