A 2-year-old female guinea pig was referred for management of a urethral stone. The stone was diagnosed on radiographs following a 10-day history of stranguria, dysuria, and hematuria. Attempts to ...remove the stone by urethral catheterization and flushing were unsuccessful. The stone was successfully fragmented and removed by cystoscopic-guided transurethral laser lithotripsy, performed under general anesthesia. The postoperative recovery was uneventful, and hematuria and stranguria resolved 24 hours after the procedure. The animal presented a good urine stream immediately following the procedure and continued to urinate well at recheck a month later. This is the first report of transurethral laser lithotripsy for the treatment of a partially obstructive urethral stone in a guinea pig. This minimally invasive approach provided excellent visualization of the urethra and bladder and allowed complete evaluation of the lower urinary tract in a retrograde manner in this female guinea pig. This novel approach holds great promise for the future treatment of lower urinary tract stones in this species.
Mammary fibroadenomas are one of the most common tumors of female companion rats (Rattus norvegicus forma domestica). The objectives of this study were to determine if subcutaneous administration of ...a deslorelin implant following excision of fibroadenomas can prevent or delay development of additional mammary tumors and increase survival in companion rats.
Female intact client-owned rats with benign mammary tumors were divided into three groups: no implant (n = 10), placebo implant (n = 10), or 4.7 mg deslorelin implant (n = 10) placed within 2 months of tumor excision. Rats were monitored for subsequent mammary tumors for 10 months following treatment. Expression of estrogen α, progesterone, prolactin, and androgen receptors stained by immunohistochemistry in primary masses of rats included in the deslorelin-treated group was evaluated using the Allred scoring system.
In the control non-implanted group, four of the 10 rats developed another mammary tumor, including one anaplastic carcinoma. In the control placebo group, five of the 10 rats developed another mammary tumor, including one ductal carcinoma. In the deslorelin-treated group, three of 10 rats developed another mammary tumor, including one adenocarcinoma. Median time between surgery and new mass detection did not differ significantly among groups (55 days in the deslorelin group vs. 77 days in the control placebo group, P = 0.25). Median survival times after surgery did not differ significantly among groups. No correlation was noted between receptor expression and response to treatment with deslorelin.
Deslorelin implants placed within 2 months of benign mammary tumor surgical excision were not associated with a decreased risk of developing subsequent mammary tumors, nor with an increased survival in female rats. Further studies are needed to define useful adjunct therapy to surgery.
This study was designed to examine the clinical significance and the reliability of hemifield pattern reversal VEPs in the assessment of homonymous visual field defects due to retrochiasmal lesions. ...13 patients with traumatic, neoplastic or ischemic lesions of the cerebral parenchyma, and 18 normal subjects were studied. The results show that amplitude asymmetries over 4 microV (between responses evoked by right and left hemifield stimulation, recorded ipsilaterally to the stimulated hemifield) are clinically relevant for hemianopic visual field defect. Significant correlations were found between the VEP features and the site of the damage: lesions of the occipital cortex were generally found to cause more pronounced bioelectrical abnormalities than those due to lesions affecting the visual pathways, with cortical sparing.
The authors describe a case of optic neuropathy in a child undergoing MOPP chemotherapy for Hodgkin's disease stage IIISA. Visual acuity improved after substitution of the aforementioned regimen with ...ABVD chemotherapy, and reached 1 during maintenance therapy with vinblastine. Various neurologic deficits have been ascribed to vincristine, a well-known neurotoxin. This case of optic neuropathy is supposed to be a rare example of involvement of the 2nd cranial nerve due to vinca alkaloids. The absence of neurotoxicity of vinblastine in this case is emphasized.
Multivariate analysis of visual evoked response Maccolini, E; Meduri, R; Cavicchi, S ...
Albrecht von Graefes Archiv für klinische und experimentale Ophthalmologie,
1977-Jun-28, Letnik:
202, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Recenzirano
The visual potentials evoked by flash are analyzed in healthy subjects in cases of retinal detachment, of optic nerve lesions, and of amblyopia by means of different statistical methods: 1. Analysis ...of the various features of the response, evaluated separately 2. Analysis of the interdependence between the measures of the various features The first method supplies information on the differences in 'size' of the curves in the various samples, the second method reveals differences of 'shape'. The second method has proved to be able to distinguish both normal conditions from pathologic impairment of optic structures and the different sites of the lesions.
VEPs were examined in ALL patients in order to test their usefulness in the detection of early and late CNS changes due to combined cranial X-irradiation and chemotherapy. The results suggest that: ...a)in patients free from self limited somnolence syndrome and visual symptoms, the VEP latency may be increased, probably because of early subclinical CNS changes due to cranial irradiation. b)late CNS changes (detected by routine neurological examination, EEG and CAT) seem to be correlated with increased VEP latency, even in the absence of visual symptoms.
Electroretinography (ERG) and electro-oculography (EOG) were performed in 98 patients affected by alopecia areata (AA) free from ophthalmologic disorders, and in 40 healthy subjects, in order to ...evaluate whether or not the retinal pigment epithelium of AA patients shows bioelectrical changes. ERG was normal. EOG, on the contrary, showed a significantly depressed mean value in the AA patient group. Furthermore, depressed EOG occurred more frequently in patients affected by alopecia totalis or universalis as compared with multiple patchy alopecia. These findings prompt the authors to believe that the melanocytes may play a prominent part in the pathogenesis of AA.
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