This study contributes to the literature by estimating the interaction effects of economic growth and renewable energy consumption on carbon dioxide (CO
2
) emissions with the inclusion of human ...capital. The interaction between economic growth and renewable energy consumption suggests how income level affects energy consumption and CO
2
emissions. The study applies three-stage least square and ridge regression methods with Pakistani data from 1980 to 2014. The empirical findings show that the interaction effect of income and renewable energy contributes to CO
2
emissions. Besides, trade openness also increases CO
2
emissions, while the human capital mitigates CO
2
emissions. Furthermore, the moderating effect of economic growth helps to form the environmental Kuznets curve (EKC) hypothesis in Pakistan.
The global warming phenomenon emerges from the issue of climate change, which attracts the attention of intellectuals towards clean energy sources from dirty energy sources. Among clean sources, ...nuclear energy is getting immense attention among policymakers. However, the role of nuclear energy in pollution emissions reduction has remained inconclusive and demand for further investigation. Therefore, the current study contributes to extend knowledge by investigating the nexus between nuclear energy, economic growth, and CO2 emissions in a developing country context such as Pakistan for the period between 1973 and 2017. The auto-regressive distributive lag model summarizes the nuclear energy has negative effect on environmental pollution as it releases carbon emission in the environment. Moreover, vector error correction Granger causality provides evidence for bidirectional causality between nuclear energy and carbon emissions. These interesting findings provide new insight, and policy guidelines provided based on these results.
The effective treatment of industrial wastewater to protect freshwater reserves for the survival of life is a primary focus of current research. Herein, a multicomponent Eleocharis-manganese ...peroxidase enzyme (Eleocharis@MnPE) layered hybrid with high surface area (1200 m2/m3), with a strong synergistic adsorption and catalytic biodegradation (SACB), has been developed through a facile method. A combination of outer porous (Eleocharis) and inner catalytically active (MnPE) components of the hybrid resulted in highly efficient SACB system, evidenced by high removal rate of 15 kg m–3 day–1 (100%) and complete degradation of toxic Orange II (OR) azo dye into nontoxic products (gases and weak acids). The Eleocharis@MnPE layered hybrid efficiently degraded both OR in synthetic wastewater and also other azo dyes (red, pink, and yellow dyes) present in three different textile industrial effluents. For the industrial effluents, these were evidenced by the color disappearance and reduction in biological oxygen demand (BOD), chemical oxygen demand (COD), and total organic carbon (TOC) of up to 97%, 92%, and 76%, respectively. Furthermore, reduced toxicity of treated wastewater was confirmed by decreased cell toxicity to 0.1%–1% and increased cell viability to 90%. We believe that designing a hybrid system with strong ability of SACB could be highly effective for industrial-scale treatment of wastewater.
We develop a simple and economical thermal annealing method for the synthesis of phosphorus‐doped graphene, which exhibits remarkable electrocatalytic activity towards the oxygen reduction reaction ...and enhances the electrochemical performance as an anode material for lithium ion batteries. The experimental results suggest the significant role of phosphorus atoms in graphene.
Highlights
A multiscale structure is realized through layer-by-layer deposition with atom-scale precision via atomic layer deposition
FeSiAl@ZnO@Al
2
O
3
exhibits record-high absorption properties in ...low-frequency bands.
The corrosion resistance is improved by the unique multistage oxide barriers.
Developing highly efficient magnetic microwave absorbers (MAs) is crucial, and yet challenging for anti-corrosion properties in extremely humid and salt-induced foggy environments. Herein, a dual-oxide shell of ZnO/Al
2
O
3
as a robust barrier to FeSiAl core is introduced to mitigate corrosion resistance. The FeSiAl@ZnO@Al
2
O
3
layer by layer hybrid structure is realized with atomic-scale precision through the atomic layer deposition technique. Owing to the unique hybrid structure, the FeSiAl@ZnO@Al
2
O
3
exhibits record-high microwave absorbing performance in low-frequency bands covering L and S bands with a minimum reflection loss (RL
min
) of -50.6 dB at 3.4 GHz. Compared with pure FeSiAl (RL
min
of -13.5 dB, a bandwidth of 0.5 GHz), the RL
min
value and effective bandwidth of this designed novel absorber increased up to ~ 3.7 and ~ 3 times, respectively. Furthermore, the inert ceramic dual-shells have improved 9.0 times the anti-corrosion property of FeSiAl core by multistage barriers towards corrosive medium and obstruction of the electric circuit. This is attributed to the large charge transfer resistance, increased impedance modulus |Z|
0.01 Hz
, and frequency time constant of FeSiAl@ZnO@Al
2
O
3
. The research demonstrates a promising platform toward the design of next-generation MAs with improved anti-corrosion properties.
Abstract
The predicted strong piezoelectricity for monolayers of group IV monochalcogenides, together with their inherent flexibility, makes them likely candidates for developing flexible ...nanogenerators. Within this group, SnS is a potential choice for such nanogenerators due to its favourable semiconducting properties. To date, access to large-area and highly crystalline monolayer SnS has been challenging due to the presence of strong inter-layer interactions by the lone-pair electrons of S. Here we report single crystal across-the-plane and large-area monolayer SnS synthesis using a liquid metal-based technique. The characterisations confirm the formation of atomically thin SnS with a remarkable carrier mobility of ~35 cm
2
V
−1
s
−1
and piezoelectric coefficient of ~26 pm V
−1
. Piezoelectric nanogenerators fabricated using the SnS monolayers demonstrate a peak output voltage of ~150 mV at 0.7% strain. The stable and flexible monolayer SnS can be implemented into a variety of systems for efficient energy harvesting.
Early transition metals based 2D carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides nanomaterials are known as MXenes, a novel and extensive new class of 2D materials family. Since the first accidently synthesis ...based discovery of Ti3C2 in 2011, more than 50 additional compositions have been experimentally reported, including at least eight distinct synthesis methods and also more than 100 stoichiometries are theoretically studied. Due to its distinctive surface chemistry, graphene like shape, metallic conductivity, high hydrophilicity, outstanding mechanical and thermal properties, redox capacity and affordable with mass‐produced nature, this diverse MXenes are of tremendous scientific and technological significance. In this review, first we'll come across the MXene based nanomaterials possible synthesis methods, their advantages, limitations and future suggestions, new chemistry related to their selected properties and potential sensing applications, which will help us to explain why this family is growing very fast as compared to other 2D families. Secondly, problems that help to further improve commercialization of the MXene nanomaterials based sensors are examined, and many advances in the commercializing of the MXene nanomaterials based sensors are proposed. At the end, we'll go through the current challenges, limitations and future suggestions.
Early transition metals based 2D carbides, nitrides and carbonitrides nanomaterials are known as MXenes, a novel and extensive new class of 2D‐materials family. Due to its distinctive surface chemistry, graphene like shape, metallic conductivity, high hydrophilicity, outstanding mechanical and thermal properties, redox capacity and affordable with mass‐produced nature, this diverse MXenes are of tremendous scientific and technological significance.
Purpose
The discourse on the governance and environment nexus has been an important research agenda. However, the debate on the role of institutional quality (IQ) in environmental degradation is ...continuous. Unlike others, this study aims to examine the asymmetric effect of IQ on the ecological footprint (EF) from 1984 to 2019 in Pakistan.
Design/methodology/approach
The nonlinear autoregressive distributive lag model is used to empirically investigate the linkage of IQ and EF.
Findings
Reported results revealed that positive shocks are negatively affecting EF and negative shocks are positively affecting EF. Findings suggest that a better IQ is substantially reducing EF, whereas energy consumption and economic growth are increasing EF.
Originality/value
This study is original and provided important information about the performance of institutions regarding the environmental concerns in Pakistan. Moreover, this study has robust policy implications.
A facile strategy was designed for the fabrication of hybrid of Co3Sn2@Co nanoparticles (NPs) and nitrogen-doped graphene (NG) sheets through a hydrothermal synthesis, followed by annealing process. ...Core–shell architecture of Co3Sn2@Co pin on NG is designed for the dual encapsulation of Co3Sn2 with adaptable ensembles of Co and NG to address the structural and interfacial stability concerns facing tin-based anodes. In the resulted unique architecture of Co3Sn2@Co–NG hybrid, the sealed cobalt cover prevents the direct exposer of Sn with electrolyte because of encapsulated structure and keeps the structural and interfacial integrity of Co3Sn2. However, the elastically strong, flexible and conductive NG overcoat accommodates the volume changes and therefore brings the structural and electrical stabilization of Co3Sn2@Co NPs. As a result, Co3Sn2@Co–NG hybrid exhibits extraordinary reversible capacity of 1615 mAh/g at 250 mA/g after 100 cycles with excellent capacity retention of 102%. The hybrid bears superior rate capability with reversible capacity of 793.9 mAh/g at 2500 mA/g and Coulombic efficiency nearly 100%.
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