Summary The association between cervical spine disorders (CSD) and temporomandibular disorders (TMD) has been extensively investigated. However, no studies investigating the relationship between the ...level of jaw disability and neck disability have been published. Therefore, the objective of this study was to determine whether there was a relationship between neck disability measured using the neck disability index (NDI) and jaw disability measured through the jaw function scale (JFS). A sample of 154 subjects who attended the TMD/Orofacial Pain clinic and students and staff at the University of Alberta participated in this study. All subjects were asked to complete the NDI, the JFS, the jaw disability checklist (JDC), and the level of chronic disability of TMD (chronic pain grade disability questionnaire used in the RDC/TMD). Spearman rho test was used to analyse the relationship between neck disability and jaw disability. Multiple regression analysis was used to determine the association between the level of chronic disability of TMD and neck disability. A strong relationship between neck disability and jaw disability was found (r = 0·82). A subject with a high level of TMD disability (grade IV) increased by about 19 points on the NDI when compared with a person without TMD disability. These results have implications for clinical practice. If patients with TMD have neck disability in addition to jaw disability, treatment needs to focus on both areas because the improvement of one could have an influence on the other.
Abstract Introduction Progressive skeletal muscle loss (sarcopenia) is a negative prognostic factor in patients treated for colorectal cancer. Nevertheless, the clinical impact of those changes in ...body composition has been analyzed only in patients undergoing open resections. The aim of the study was to assess whether laparoscopy may eliminate the deleterious prognostic impact of sarcopenia and whether the combination with enhanced recovery after surgery (ERAS) protocol may improve postoperative recovery also in sarcopenic patients. Methods The study included 124 (73M/51F, mean age 65.9 years) patients undergoing elective laparoscopic colorectal resection for cancer. In all of them 16-item ERAS protocol was applied. The L3 skeletal muscle area identified on a preoperative CT scan was used to calculate skeletal muscle index and assess for sarcopenia and myosteatosis. The entire study group was divided into groups regarding the presence of sarcopenia or myosteatosis. The outcome measures were: length of hospital stay, complication rate and functional recovery parameters. Results The prevalence of sarcopenia and myosteatosis was 27.4% and 38.7%, respectively. There was no association between the presence of sarcopenia or myosteatosis and postoperative complications. There were also no differences in the length of stay or readmission rates. Functional recovery (time to first flatus, oral diet tolerance and mobilization) was similar regardless of the presence of muscle depletion. Conclusions In contrary to traditional surgical approach, laparoscopy can reduce the negative impact of sarcopenia and myosteatosis on treatment results. ERAS protocol does not affect negatively the surgical outcomes in sarcopenic patients, compared to patients without changes in body skeletal mass.
To meet the needs of patients, Canadian surgical and medical oncology leaders in the treatment of peritoneal surface malignancies (psms), together with patient representatives, formed the Canadian ...HIPEC Collaborative Group (chicg). The group is dedicated to standardizing and improving the treatment of psm in Canada so that access to treatment and, ultimately, the prognosis of Canadian patients with psm are improved. Patients with resectable psm arising from colorectal or appendiceal neoplasms should be reviewed by a multidisciplinary team including surgeons and medical oncologists with experience in treating patients with psm. Cytoreductive surgery and hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy should be offered to appropriately selected patients and performed at experienced centres. The aim of this publication is to present guidelines that we recommend be applied across the country for the treatment of psm.
Newcastle disease virus (NDV) is a single-stranded, negative-sense RNA virus in the
family. Although primarily an avian pathogen, NDV is a potent oncolytic virus that has been shown to be safe and ...effective in a variety of preclinical cancer models and human clinical trials. To produce virus for oncolytic trials, NDV is commonly amplified in embryonated chicken eggs and purified from the allantoic fluid. Conventional methods for purifying virus from allantoic fluid often result in relatively low-titer preparations containing high levels of impurities, including immunogenic chicken host cell proteins from allantoic fluid. However, large quantities of virus need to be delivered intravenously to administer oncolytic NDV systemically to mice. This route of administration requires virus preparations that are both highly concentrated (to enable delivery of small volumes) and highly pure (to limit toxic effects from contaminants). Given the accumulation of promising preclinical and clinical data demonstrating the efficacy of NDV as an oncolytic agent, strategies for increasing the titer and purity of NDV preparations are sorely needed to allow for effective intravenous administration in mice. Here, we describe an optimized protocol for the rescue, production, and purification of high-titer
-grade NDV for preclinical studies in mouse models.
Sensory experiences, such as sound, often result from our motor actions. Over time, repeated sound-producing performance can generate sensorimotor associations. However, it is not clear how sensory ...and motor information are associated. Here, we explore if sensory prediction is associated with the formation of sensorimotor associations during a learning task. We recorded event-related potentials (ERPs) while participants produced index and little finger-swipes on a bespoke device, generating novel sounds. ERPs were also obtained as participants heard those sounds played back. Peak suppression was compared to assess sensory prediction. Additionally, transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) was used during listening to generate finger-motor evoked potentials (MEPs). MEPs were recorded before and after training upon hearing these sounds, and then compared to reveal sensorimotor associations. Finally, we explored the relationship between these components. Results demonstrated that an increased positive-going peak (e.g., P2) and a suppressed negative-going peak (e.g., N2) were recorded during action, revealing some sensory prediction outcomes (P2:
= 0.050,
= 0.208; N2:
= 0.001,
= 0.474). Increased MEPs were also observed upon hearing congruent sounds compared with incongruent sounds (i.e., associated to a finger), demonstrating precise sensorimotor associations that were not present before learning (Index finger:
< 0.001,
= 0.614; Little finger:
< 0.001,
= 0.529). Consistent with our broad hypotheses, a negative association between the MEPs in one finger during listening and ERPs during performance of the other was observed (Index finger MEPs and Fz N1 action ERPs;
= -0.655,
= 0.003). Overall, data suggest that predictive mechanisms are associated with the fine-tuning of sensorimotor associations.
To evaluate the ability of different diagnostic imaging techniques for diagnosing the presence of erosions and osteophytes in the temporomandibular joint (TMJ).
A systematic search of PubMed, ...Medline, all Evidence Based Medicine (EBM) reviews, Embase, Web of Sciences and Lilacs identified nine articles that met the selection criteria: some type of TMJ diagnostic imaging, data from autopsy or dry skull TMJs as gold standard, absence of diagnosed systemic arthritis and evaluation of the presence of erosions and/or osteophytes. A hand search of the references of the selected articles was also performed.
Selected studies evaluated panoramic imaging (unenhanced and colour-enhanced digital subtraction panoramic imaging), axially corrected sagittal tomography, axially corrected frontal tomography, sagittal MRI, CT, high-resolution ultrasound and cone beam CT (CBCT).
Axially corrected sagittal tomography is currently the imaging modality of choice for diagnosing erosions and osteophytes in the TMJ. CT does not seem to add any significant information to what is obtained from axially corrected sagittal tomography. CBCT might prove to be a cost- and radiation dose-effective alternative to axially corrected sagittal tomography. Combining different radiographic techniques is likely to be more accurate in diagnosing erosions and osteophytes in the TMJ than using a single imaging modality. Diagnostic studies that simultaneously evaluate all of the available TMJ imaging technologies are needed.
Background Tuberous sclerosis complex (TSC) is a neurocutaneous syndrome that can present with many disabling neurological disorders, the most common being epilepsy. Although it is a chronic ...multi-system disease, healthcare utilization and long-term outcome of subjects with TSC are not yet well defined. The goal of this study was to evaluate the direct cost and long-term outcome of TSC in the province of Quebec, compared to other forms of epilepsy and healthy controls. Methods Our provincial health care database was interrogated to determine use of medical services by patients with TSC, epilepsy and healthy controls from 1996 to 2011. Data on demographics, outcomes and health care utilization were analyzed. Results 1004 TSC, 41,934 with epilepsy and 41,934 controls were identified. The prevalence of TSC was 1/7872 compared to 1/189 for epilepsy. TSC experienced more hospitalizations, medical visits and prescription drug use. Their most common admission diagnosis was seizures and age at death was significantly lower: 61.3 years old for TSC vs 69.6 and 76.6 years old for epilepsy and controls ( p < 0.001 ). Conclusions TSC subjects have a significantly higher burden of disease than other subjects with epilepsy. These results stress the need for specialized services in this population through the lifespan.
A systematic review was undertaken to evaluate the validity of intra‐arch dimensional measurements made from laser‐scanned digital dental models in comparison with measurements directly obtained from ...the original plaster casts (gold standard). Finally included articles were only those reporting studies that compared measurements from digital models produced from laser scanning against their plaster models. Measurements from the original plaster models should have been made using a manual or digital caliper (gold standard). Articles that used scans from impressions or digital photographs were discarded. Detailed individual search strategies for Cochrane, EMBASE, MEDLINE, PubMed, and LILACS were developed. The references cited in the selected articles were also checked for any references that could have been missed in the electronic database searches. A partial gray literature search was undertaken using Google Scholar. The methodology of selected studies was evaluated using the 14‐item quality assessment tool for diagnostic accuracy studies (QUADAS). Only 16 studies were finally included for the qualitative/quantitative synthesis. The selected studies consistently agree that the validity of measurements obtained after using a laser scanner from plaster models is similar to direct measurements. Any stated differences would be unlikely clinically relevant. There is consistent scientific evidence to support the validity of measurements from digital dental models in comparison with intra‐arch dimensional measurements directly obtained from them.
Twak is a link between internal and external environment and is also the seat of complexion, which maintains beauty and personal identity in the society. About more than 90% of total woman ...populations are affected by stretch marks on the body particularly on the abdomen, groin and on the chest region during and after pregnancy, which remains rest of life. Kikkisa is a type of skin ailment that occurs during pregnancy and mentioned in the disorders of pregnancy by the various Acharyas. An attempt is made to evaluate clinical efficacy of Chandanadi Shatadhaut Ghrita in 30 patients of Kikkisa. Though Kandu is a symptom of Kapha but here in Kikkis Kandu is due to dryness of skin. So Kandughna action of Tikta Rasa and Snehana effect of Snigdha Guna protect and give relief from Kandu. Tikta Rasa and Katu Vipaka have Kandughna property that helps to reduce Kandu and also Chandana and Karanaj area Kandughna drugs. Tikta and Kashaya Rasa have Daha Shamak property whereas chandan and ushira also have Pittashamak property, which reduce the Vidaha. Tikta Rasa and Katu Vipaka have Kushthaghna property and ushira and chandan have Varnya action. Kandu, Vidaha and Vaivarnyata were reduced markedly after the treatment of Kikkisa with chandanadi shatadhaut ghrita. There was no effect was seen of the chandanadi shatadhaut ghrita on reduction of the area of Kikkisa lesion. No any untoward effect was noticed during follow up study.
Shwetapradara or Leucorrhoea is a common symptom of genital tract infection in women. The World Health Organization estimated that there are 333 million new cases of curable Vulvo-vaginal infections ...(VVIs) per year. Physiological excess of vaginal discharge does not require any treatment. But the pathological conditions which necessitate treatment are those involving many infections due to Candida, Trichomonas, Gram negative, Gram positive etc. organisms. For the treatment of Shwetapradara many Kashaya drugs are available in classics. From such recipes, Lodhra Kalka Paan with Nyagrodh Twak Kashaya and Panchvalkaladi Varti has been selected in one group and in other group Panchvalkaladi Varti is selected. Lodhra Kalka Paan with Nyagrodh Twak Kashaya and Panchavalkaldi Varti had shown statistically highly significant result on Yonigata symptoms i.e. Yoni Kandu, Yoni Daurgandhya, Yoni Vedana, Yoni Pichchhilata and Yoni Daha, associated symptoms like Katishoola, Udarashoola, Mutradaha & gynaecological complains i.e. Vaginitis, Cervicitis, Vulvitis & in relieving pus cells, fungal hyphae and Gram-ve organism but on basis of percentage relief and inter group comparison better response was observed in trial group A receiving Lodhra Kalka Paan with Nyagrodh Twak Kashaya and Panchavalkaldi Varti. The overall effect of the therapy on 106 patients of Shwetapradara in both groups was evaluated. 86.20%of patients in the Group A and 68.75% of patients in Group B were improved completely. 10.34% of patients in Group A and, 16.66% of patients in Group B were markedly improved. While only14.58% patients were improved in Group B.
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