During 2015, the Relativistic Heavy Ion Collider (RHIC) provided collisions of transversely polarized protons with Au and Al nuclei for the first time, enabling the exploration of ...transverse-single-spin asymmetries with heavy nuclei. Large single-spin asymmetries in very forward neutron production have been previously observed in transversely polarized p+p collisions at RHIC, and the existing theoretical framework that was successful in describing the single-spin asymmetry in p+p collisions predicts only a moderate atomic-mass-number (A) dependence. In contrast, the asymmetries observed at RHIC in p+A collisions showed a surprisingly strong A dependence in inclusive forward neutron production. The observed asymmetry in p+Al collisions is much smaller, while the asymmetry in p+Au collisions is a factor of 3 larger in absolute value and of opposite sign. The interplay of different neutron production mechanisms is discussed as a possible explanation of the observed A dependence.
FADC-based DAQ for HiRes Fly's Eye Boyer, John H; Knapp, Bruce C; Mannel, Eric J ...
Nuclear instruments & methods in physics research. Section A, Accelerators, spectrometers, detectors and associated equipment,
04/2002, Letnik:
482, Številka:
1-2
Journal Article
Recenzirano
This paper describes a data acquisition system for optical telescopes studying extensive air showers for the High Resolution Fly's Eye Project at Dugway Proving Grounds, Utah. The measurements are ...based entirely on flash-analog-to-digital conversion of phototube signals, digitized continuously at 10MHz, and stored in a deep (820μs) pipeline, for deadtimeless readout following a parallel pipeline trigger. The massive parallel processing by digital signal processors and programmable logic devices is distributed site-wide, with 42 telescopes and a central facility linked by optical fiber. The system was designed and built at Columbia University, Nevis Laboratories.
Abstract Objectives Controversy continues over the importance of lymph node (LN) status in treating and predicting recurrence in endometrial cancer. Several predictive models are available which use ...uterine factors to stratify risk groups. Our objective was to determine how LN status affects recurrence and survival compared to uterine factors alone. Methods A retrospective review was performed of patients undergoing complete surgical staging for clinical stage 1 endometrioid adenocarcinoma of the uterus. Patients were assessed based on PORTEC 1 high intermediate risk (H-IR) criteria (2 factors : age > 60, grade 3, > 50% DOI), GOG-99 H-IR criteria (age > 70 + 1 factor, age 50–70 + 2 factors, any age + 3 factors: grade 2 or 3, LVSI, > 50% DOI), and PORTEC 2 criteria. Rates of nodal involvement, recurrence rates, PFS, and OS were compared. Results We identified 352 clinical stage I patients with positive LN in 24% (87). 175 patients met PORTEC 1 eligibility and 66 met H-IR criteria. Rates of LN positivity were similar among groups (18.4% vs 19.7%, p = 0.83) but recurrence rates were dissimilar (7.4% vs 27.3%, p = 0.0004). Only 93 met PORTEC 2 criteria for treatment with no association between LN status, recurrence, and eligibility. 188 patients met H-IR eligibility criteria for GOG-99 with LN positive and recurrence rates higher in the H-IR group compared to GOG-99 eligible (34.6% vs 16.3%, p = 0.0004, 28.3% vs. 10.6%, p = 0.0002). Conclusions Patients with H-IR disease based on uterine characteristics alone have substantial risk of nodal involvement. Knowledge of LN status may better define risk, prognosis, and postoperative treatment.
Abstract Purpose To analyze quality of life (QOL) in a randomized, placebo-controlled phase III trial concluding that the addition of concurrent and maintenance bevacizumab (Arm 3) to carboplatin and ...paclitaxel prolongs progression-free survival in front-line treatment of advanced ovarian cancer compared to chemotherapy alone (Arm 1) or chemotherapy with bevacizumab in cycles 2–6 only (Arm 2). Patients and methods The Trial Outcome Index of the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-Ovary (FACT-O TOI) was used to assess QOL before cycles 1, 4, 7, 13, and 21; and 6 months after completing study therapy. Differences in QOL scores were assessed using a linear mixed model, adjusting for baseline score, and age. The significance level was set at 0.0167 to account for multiple comparisons. Results 1693 patients were queried. Arm 2 (p < 0.001) and Arm 3 (p < 0.001) reported lower QOL scores than those in Arm 1. The treatment differences were observed mainly at cycle 4, when the patients receiving bevacizumab (Arm 2 and Arm 3) reported 2.72 points (98.3% CI: 0.88–4.57; effect size = 0.18) and 2.96 points (98.3% CI: 1.13–4.78; effect size = 0.20) lower QOL respectively, than those in Arm 1. The difference in QOL scores between Arm 1 and Arm 3 remained statistically significant up to cycle 7. The percentage of patients who reported abdominal discomfort dropped over time, without significant differences among study arms. Conclusion The small QOL difference observed during chemotherapy did not persist during maintenance bevacizumab.
ABSTRACT
We related morphological (size/shape) and dynamical properties of the dust ejected from the 67P/Churyumov–Gerasimenko comet by combining data from two instruments onboard the ESA's Rosetta ...mission, i.e. the MIDAS atomic force microscope and the GIADA dust detector. The two instruments detected dust of different size (10−6–10−5 and 10−4–10−3 m, respectively). MIDAS detected dust in four periods, three during the inbound orbit arc (2014 September–November; 2014 December– 2015 February; 2015 February–March) and one corresponding to a post-perihelion outburst (2016 February 19). For these periods, we analysed the dust particles’ spatial distribution on the MIDAS targets to obtain the number of parent particles hitting the instrument by means of an empirical procedure and to measure the corresponding dust flux. For the same periods, we retrieved the dust flux measured by GIADA. The ratio between the two dust fluxes is constant. By coupling this result with activity models, we inferred that the particles detected by MIDAS are fragments of hundreds-micron- to mm-sized particles detected by GIADA. In addition, the similar dust flux ratios between nominal activity and outburst indicates that the outburst did not include micro- and nano-sized dust, differently from other outbursts previously observed. Dust and surface properties were related by applying a traceback algorithm to GIADA data to retrieve the source regions of dust ejected in different periods. We did not detect variations of morphological properties between dust ejected from more and less processed terrains, concluding that compact dust particles (detected by MIDAS) have the same properties across the comet surface.
The silicon pixel detector will be installed in summer 2009 as part of the RHIC-PHENIX silicon vertex tracker (VTX) upgrade at the Brookhaven National Laboratory. The VTX consists of a silicon pixel ...detector and stripixel detector. For the construction of the silicon pixel detector, we have developed a fine pitch and low material readout bus as the backbone parts of the VTX. In this article, we report the development of the readout bus.
•In early stage patients, PFS was better for OCCC than for SOC.•In late-stage patients, OCCC was significantly associated with decreased OS.•Treatment effect was influenced by histology.
We examined ...disparities in prognosis between patients with ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) and serous epithelial ovarian cancer (SOC).
We reviewed data from FIGO stage I–IV epithelial ovarian cancer patients who participated in 12 prospective randomized GOG protocols. Proportional hazards models were used to compare progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) by cell type (clear cell versus serous).
There were 10,803 patients enrolled, 9531 were eligible, evaluable and treated with platinum, of whom 544 (6%) had OCCC, 7054 (74%) had SOC, and 1933 (20%) had other histologies and are not included further. In early stage (I–II) patients, PFS was significantly better in OCCC than in SOC patients. For late stage (III, IV) patients, OCCC had worse PFS and OS compared to SOC, OS HR=1.66 (1.43, 1.91; p<0.001). After adjusting for age and stratifying by protocol and treatment arm, stage, performance status, and race, OCCC had a significantly decreased OS, HR=1.53 (1.33, 1.76; p<0.001). In early stage cases, there was a significantly decreased treatment effect on PFS for consolidative therapy with weekly Paclitaxel versus observation in OCCC compared to SOC (p=0.048).
This is one of the largest analyses to date of OCCC treated on multiple cooperative group trials. OCCC histology is more common than SOC in early stage disease. When adjusted for prognostic factors, in early stage patients, PFS was better for OCCC than for SOC; however, in late-stage patients, OCCC was significantly associated with decreased OS. Finally, treatment effect was influenced by histology.
To compare taxane maintenance chemotherapy, paclitaxel (P) and paclitaxel poliglumex (PP), with surveillance (S) in women with ovarian, peritoneal, or fallopian tube (O/PC/FT) cancer who attained ...clinical complete response after first-line platinum-taxane therapy.
Women diagnosed with O/PC/FT cancer who attained clinical complete response after first-line platinum-taxane-based chemotherapy were randomly allocated 1:1:1 to S or maintenance, P 135 mg/m
once every 28 days for 12 cycles, or PP at the same dose and schedule. Overall survival (OS) was the primary efficacy end point.
Between March 2005 and January 2014, 1,157 individuals were enrolled. Grade 2 or worse GI adverse events were more frequent among those treated with taxane (PP: 20%, P: 27%
S: 11%). Grade 2 or worse neurologic adverse events occurred more often with taxane treatment (PP: 46%, P: 36%
S: 14%). At the fourth scheduled interim analysis, both taxane regimens passed the OS futility boundary and the Data Monitoring Committee approved an early release of results. With a median follow-up of 8.1 years, 653 deaths were reported; none were attributed to the study treatment. Median survival durations were 58.3, 56.8, and 60.0 months for S, P, and PP, respectively. Relative to S, the hazard of death for P was 1.091 (95% CI, 0.911 to 1.31;
= .343) and for PP, it was 1.033 (95% CI, 0.862 to 1.24;
= .725). The median times to first progression or death (PFS) were 13.4, 18.9, and 16.3 months for S, P, and PP, respectively. Hazard ratio = 0.801; 95% CI, 0.684 to 0.938;
= .006 for P and hazard ratio = 0.854; 95% CI, 0.729 to 1.00;
= .055 for PP.
Maintenance therapy with P and PP did not improve OS among patients with newly diagnosed O/tubal/peritoneal cancer, but may modestly increase PFS. GI and neurologic toxicities were more frequent in the taxane treatment arms.
Abstract Purpose A simple measure to predict chemotherapy tolerance in elderly patients would be useful. We prospectively tested the association of baseline Instrumental Activities of Daily Living ...(IADL) score with ability to complete 4 cycles of first line chemotherapy without dose reductions or > 7 days delay in elderly ovarian cancer patients. Patients and methods Patients' age ≥ 70 along with their physicians chose between two regimens: CP (Carboplatin AUC 5, Paclitaxel 135 mg/m2 ) or C (Carboplatin AUC 5), both given every 3 weeks either after primary surgery or as neoadjuvant chemotherapy (NACT) with IADL and quality of life assessments performed at baseline, pre-cycle 3, and post-cycle 4. Results Two-hundred-twelve women were enrolled, 152 selecting CP and 60 selecting C. Those who selected CP had higher baseline IADL scores (p < 0.001). After adjusting for age and PS, baseline IADL was independently associated with the choice of regimen (p = 0.035). The baseline IADL score was not found to be associated with completion of 4 cycles of chemotherapy without dose reduction or delays (p = 0.21), but was associated with completion of 4 cycles of chemotherapy regardless of dose reduction and delay (p = 0.008) and toxicity, with the odds ratio (OR) of grade 3 + toxicity decreasing 17% (OR: 0.83; 95%CI: 0.72–0.96; p = 0.013) for each additional activity in which the patient was independent. After adjustment for chemotherapy regimen, IADL was also associated with overall survival (p = 0.019) for patients receiving CP. Conclusion Patients with a higher baseline IADL score (more independent) were more likely to complete 4 cycles of chemotherapy and less likely to experience grade 3 or higher toxicity.
We present azimuthal angular correlations between charged hadrons and energy deposited in calorimeter towers in central d+Au and minimum bias p+p collisions at sqrts_{NN}=200 GeV. The charged hadron ...is measured at midrapidity |η|<0.35, and the energy is measured at large rapidity (-3.7<η<-3.1, Au-going direction). An enhanced near-side angular correlation across |Δη|>2.75 is observed in d+Au collisions. Using the event plane method applied to the Au-going energy distribution, we extract the anisotropy strength v_{2} for inclusive charged hadrons at midrapidity up to p_{T}=4.5 GeV/c. We also present the measurement of v_{2} for identified π^{±} and (anti)protons in central d+Au collisions, and observe a mass-ordering pattern similar to that seen in heavy-ion collisions. These results are compared with viscous hydrodynamic calculations and measurements from p+Pb at sqrts_{NN}=5.02 TeV. The magnitude of the mass ordering in d+Au is found to be smaller than that in p+Pb collisions, which may indicate smaller radial flow in lower energy d+Au collisions.
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