Objectives: During menstruation endometrial fragments are transported into the peritoneal cavity where they form endometriotic lesions. Angiogenesis is proposed as one of the mechanisms in ...endometriosis pathogenesis. The aim of the study was to determine the angiogenic activity and interleukin 8 concentrations in peritoneal fluid and sera in endometriosis.
Methods: Angiogenesis was determined in cutaneous assay in Balb/c mice; IL-8 concentrations were measured by ELISA test in sera and peritoneal fluid of 32 control and 56 endometriosis patients. Wilcoxon and Mann–Whitney tests and Spearman rank correlations were used in statistical analysis.
Results: Peritoneal fluid and sera from the examined group had higher angiogenic activity and interleukin 8 concentrations. There was correlation found between AFS and neovascularization induced by sera and PF of patients with peritoneal lesions.
Conclusions: Angiogenesis plays an important role in pathogenesis of endometriosis. Although IL-8 takes part in neovascularization, there are other factors modulating angiogenesis in endometriosis.
Sampson's theory stating that endometrial cells and fragments desquamate during the menstrual period are transported through Fallopian tubes into the peritoneal cavity where they implant, proliferate ...and develop into endometriotic lesions is generally accepted 1. Accumulating data suggest that deficient immunity against retrograde endometrium during menstruation may be involved in the pathophysiology of endometriosis. Recent studies in women with endometriosis have demonstrated functional changes in several immunologic components in the peritoneal fluid as well as in sera of those patients. It was shown, for instance, that a wide pattern of cytokines are involved during endometrial cells implantation, proliferation and forming of endometriotic lesions. Those factors play a critical role in decreased immunologic surveillance, recognition and destruction of ectopic endometrial cells and possible facilitation of the implantation of ectopic endometrial tissues. The present review summarises the current knowledge on the role of different cytokines in the pathophysiology of endometriosis.
Angiogenesis, new blood vessels development, is an important process involved in ovarian cancer growth and metastasis. Adenosine is a known mediator of angiogenesis in hypoxic tissues. Theobromine, ...adenosine receptor antagonist, exerts antiangiogenic properties in many types of tumors in Balb/c mice cutaneous angiogenesis assay. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the mechanism of its action. We showed that theobromine inhibits angiogenic activity of ovarian cancer cells as well as CD45 positive lymphocytes isolated from peritoneal ascitic fluid of ovarian cancer patients. Using synthetic adenosine receptor antagonists: 8-phenyl-theophylline and 8-cyclopentyl-1,3 dipropylxantine we established that antiangiogenic properties of theobromine are dependent on its interaction with A2 adenosine receptor. Our observations were confirmed in full suspensions of ascitic cells as well as in isolated cancer cells and CD45 lymphocytes. We postulate that A2 receptor antagonism may diminish angiogenesis induced by hypoxia in different cancer tissues and may find a place in future cancer therapy.
Cornual pregnancy--a case report Cyganek, A; Marianowski, L
Medical science monitor,
2000 Jul-Aug, Letnik:
6, Številka:
4
Journal Article
Ectopic pregnancy is a rare phenomenon in mammals. The most common localization is an oviduct, ovary and abdominal cavity. Confirmation of the ectopic pregnancy is always a difficult medical problem. ...The diagnosis is mainly based on the patient's history and gynecological examination. This paper concerns a case report of cornual pregnancy, diagnosed in the 20th week of pregnancy. The diagnostic difficulties and procedures, surgical management and the patient's and newborn's outcome was described.
Objective: to compare the efficacy, tolerability and user preference of Aerodiol® intranasal and transdermal patch administration of 17β-estradiol for climacteric symptoms.
Methods: an open-label, ...multicenter, crossover trial in which recently postmenopausal women were randomized to receive either Aerodiol 300 μg daily (
n=176), or transdermal 17β-estradiol (reservoir patches delivering 50 μg/day), 2 patches per week (
n=185), for 12 weeks, followed by 4 weeks of the alternative treatment. Efficacy was assessed primarily by the Kupperman index at the end of each treatment period. User satisfaction was assessed by questionnaire at weeks 12 and 16, and at week 16 the women chose which treatment they preferred to use for a further 40-week period.
Results: Aerodiol and transdermal patch therapy produced marked and similar reductions in the Kupperman index and the incidence of hot flushes at weeks 12 and 16. The reduction in the Kupperman index at week 12 was statistically equivalent for the two treatments. The tolerability of both treatments was good, with similar numbers of emergent adverse events reported in both groups. The incidence of moderate or severe mastalgia, however, was significantly lower with Aerodiol (
P=0.02). Significantly more women chose to continue treatment with Aerodiol than with the transdermal patch (66 vs. 34%,
P<0.001). When all women had experienced both treatments, reported levels of satisfaction were significantly higher with Aerodiol than with transdermal therapy (
P<0.001 for all six categories assessed).
Conclusions: Aerodiol and transdermal patch treatments were of similar efficacy and tolerability. Levels of user preference and satisfaction, however, were higher with Aerodiol, which should contribute towards good long-term compliance with this therapy.
Summary
Objective:To establish the proportion of symptomatic postmenopausal women who can be satisfactorily maintained on a low HRT dose of 25 μg/day 17-β-estradiol (Oesclim® 25 transdermal patches), ...after 8 weeks of treatment.
Study design and patients: This was a multicenter open label non-comparative trial. Treatment was initiated with 25 μg/day dosage, which could be increased to 50 μg/day if required after 8 weeks, according to clinical evaluation. Sequential treatment with an oral progestogen was also given for >12 days/month in all non-hysterectomized women. The primary criterion for evaluation of efficacy was the proportion of patients who remained on Oesclim® 25 after 8 weeks of treatment in comparison to patients requiring Oesclim® 50.
Results: Sixty-two patients were included in the study and 60 were treated. 88.3% of treated patients CI: 78.7-94.9 fulfilled the primary criterion, remaining with the Oesclim® 25 dosage after 8 weeks of treatment. All clinical menopausal symptoms showed a decrease from baseline to the end of the study. The mean daily number of vasomotor symptoms decreased from
8.2 (±5.6) at baseline, for the entire treated population, to 1.0 (±2.2) and 1.0 (±1.2) at the end of the study in patients remaining with Oesclim® 25 and in those requiring Oesclim® 50, respectively. At the interim visit, patients in the Oesclim® 50 group had a higher number of symptoms than those maintained on Oesclim® 25. The global efficacy of the treatment was evaluated as very effective/effective by 93% of all patients and very good/good by investigators for 91% of their patients. Overall 91% of all patients evaluated the global tolerability as very well/well, while investigators rated it very good/good for 97% of their patients. The vast majority of all patients (93%) were very satisfied/satisfied with the trial treatment, and 90% of them were willing to continue the study drug.
Conclusion: Oesclim® low dose (25 μg) hormonal transdermal therapy was efficient in management of climacteric symptoms in this 16-week study. The good acceptance of the treatment was associated with its high efficiency and tolerability.
Objective: In numerous papers, different associations of serum lipids and lipoproteins with neoplastic diseases were found. The aim of our work was to find out associations between levels of 11 serum ...lipids, lipoproteins and ovarian cancer.
Methods: 25 healthy women and 25 patients with ovarian cancer underwent examinations. Uni- and multivariate analysis of variance and discrimination analysis were used to analyze our results.
Results: The analysis demonstrates that ovarian carcinoma is associated with a significant reduction of total cholesterol and its esters in serum and in high density lipoprotein fractions compared to controls.
Conclusion: It could be shown that using multivariate analysis of variance it is possible to find the optimal set of serum lipid parameters, containing serum esterified cholesterol, serum total cholesterol and high density lipoproteins esterified cholesterol, to differentiate healthy persons from patients affected by ovarian cancer.
Early diagnosis can improve clinical effects of ovarian carcinoma treatment. Until now, a satisfying screening method has not been found. Serum lipid and lipoprotein association with neoplasm is ...already established. In our study, we have examined concentration of total cholesterol, free cholesterol, HDL cholesterol, HDL3 and HDL free cholesterol fraction, triglycerides, and apolipoproteins: AI, AII and B and aimed to prepare the most likely model of lipid profile in women suffering from ovarian neoplasm. The serum lipid parameters were analysed in 91 operated patients: 64 with ovarian malignant tumour, 27 with benign ovarian cysts and 44 apparently healthy age-matching pair women as a control group. The results: concentration of two parameters: apolipoprotein AI and free cholesterol allows for excluding ovarian neoplasm in 95.5%; examination of six parameters: apolipoprotein AI, free cholesterol, HDL-free cholesterol, HDL total cholesterol, apolipoprotein B and HDL3 fraction allows for diagnosing ovarian malignancy with 97% probability. This probability does not depend on staging of cancer, patient's age, nor BMI. No statistically significant difference between malignant and benign ovarian tumour has been confirmed.
The aim of this study was to evaluate: 1) The prevalence of human papillomavirus (types 6 and 11 carrying a low risk of neoplasia, and type 16 implicated as cause of cervical neoplasia and cancer) in ...normal pregnant women and pregnant renal transplant recipients. 2) The correlation between maternal HPV infection and HPV presence in the cord blood and the oral cavity of the neonate. Evaluation of a likely, additional route of HPV transmission to the fetus, apart from the infected birth canal during vaginal delivery. The correlation between the mode of delivery in HPV-infected patients and the presence of HPV in their offspring.
Thirty-nine pregnant patients were included in the study. The study group consisted of nine pregnant renal transplant recipients. The control group consisted of 30 patients with normal pregnancy. The DNA of HPV types 6, 11 and 16 was studied in the discharge from the cervical canal, the maternal venous blood, the cord blood and the buccal smear obtained from the neonates.
A university teaching hospital delivering approximately 2000 women annually.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) was found in 10 (26%) of 39 subjects. HPV types 6 and 11 was found in 7 (18%) of 39 subjects while HPV type 16 was present in 5 (13%) of the subjects. The co-occurrence of HPV types 6, 11 and 16 was detected in 2 patients from the control group. Transmission of HPV was established in 70% of study patients and their offspring.
1) The HPV was found with 26% pregnant women. 2) The occurrence of HPV infections with pregnant renal transplant recipients in comparison with normal pregnancy was on similar level. High percentage of HPV transmission from mother to neonate was obtained. 3) The cesarean section probably doesn't protect from HPV infection. 4) There's a suggestion, the HPV infection of fetus may occur in utero.
The aim of the study was to evaluate the prevalence of human papillomavirus, both types of a low oncogenic risk (HPV 6, 11) and a type carrying a high oncogenic risk (HPV 16) in the genital tract of ...the pregnant patients, their venous blood, the cord blood and the oral cavities of the neonates. Normal pregnant women and pregnant women with insulin dependent diabetes mellitus (IDDM) diagnosed before pregnancy were included in the study.
The study group consisted of 15 pregnant women aged 22 to 32 years with IDDM diagnosed before pregnancy. The control group consisted of 30 patients aged 18 to 38 years, with normal pregnancy. The DNA of HPV types 6, 11 and 16 was studied in the discharge from the cervical canal, the maternal venous blood, the cord blood and the buccal smear obtained from the neonates. To detect of viral DNA the PCR was used.
A university teaching hospital delivering approximately 2000 women annually.
Human papillomavirus (HPV) was found in 12 (26.7%) of the 45 pregnant women. Of the 15 patients with pregestational IDDM the DNA of HPV was detected in four (26.7%) of the patients. The DNA of HPV types 6 and 11 was found in three (20%) patients. The DNA of HPV type 16 was detected in one pregnant patient in the study group (6.67%). Of the 30 control patients, HPV DNA was detected in eight (26%). In two (6.6%), infection with oncogenic and non-oncogenic types of HPV was diagnosed. The DNA of HPV types 6 and 11 was found in six (20%) subjects. Of the 30 control patients, the DNA of HPV type 16 was detected in four (13.3%). The transmission of HPV from HPV-positive mother to fetus was found in 50% of cases.
(i) There was a similar level of occurrence of HPV infections in pregnant women with IDDM when compare with normal pregnancy. (ii) High percentage of HPV transmission from mother to neonate was determined. (iii) The cesarean section probably does not protect the neonate from HPV infection. (iv) There is a suggestion that fetus may be affected by HPV infection during intrauterine life.
