Exercise interventions have a positive impact on people with stroke. However, access to exercise interventions is variable, and there may be a delay in the start of rehabilitation. Telerehabilitation ...has enabled the delivery of exercise interventions replacing the traditional face-to-face approach. Aspects related to the safety of people with stroke should be considered to avoid adverse events during the delivery of exercise interventions remotely. However, such information is scattered in the literature, and the detail with which measures taken during the implementation of exercise interventions for people with stroke are reported is unknown.
To summarise measures or aspects targeted at reducing the incidence of adverse events during the delivery of exercise interventions through telerehabilitation in patients after stroke.
A scoping review will be conducted. A systematic search in MEDLINE-Ovid, Embase-Ovid CENTRAL, CINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost), and other resources will be carried out. We will include primary studies, published in full text in any language, involving people with stroke who undergo telerehabilitation where exercise is the main component. Two reviewers will independently select studies and extract data, and disagreements will be resolved by consensus or a third reviewer. The results will be reported in a narrative form, using tables and figures to support them.
To implement this strategy within rehabilitation services, one of the first aspects to be solved is to ensure the safety of people. The results of this scoping review could contribute an information base for clinicians and decision-makers when designing remotely delivered exercise intervention programs.
INPLASY202290104.
During 2016, the Croatian Conservation Institute carried out a demanding conservation and technical research on a 15th century gilded polychrome stone relief from Dubrovnik, attributed to Pietro di ...Martino da Milano (c.1410-1473). The process proved to be a valuable opportunity to better understand the materials degradation and the techniques used by the Master. Due to the difficulty of determining the existence of impregnation and ground layers, two experimental reconstructions were created as part of a student project – one based on the interpretation of research results obtained during the conservation treatment, and the other based on art technological source research, namely the Cennino Cennini’s recipe, CLXXIV. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of these layers on the final gilding and to get an insight into the Master’s experience via the “learning-by-doing” method. The experimental results indicate that the cause of the damages and the consequent fragility of the original relief, might have its origin in the absence of impregnation and ground layers.
Na stećcima s lokaliteta Crljivica pokraj Ciste Velike od 2013. do 2016. godine Provedena su konzervatorsko-restauratorska istraživanja i probni radovi. Zahvati su izvedeni s ciljem procjene stanja ...opće očuvanosti stećaka i cijeloga lokaliteta, odabira najpogodnijih restauratorskih materijala i metoda te stvaranja plana sustavne i dugoročne zaštite stećaka. Zbog specifičnosti lokaliteta i problematike propadanja, u projekt su uključeni raznovrsni stručnjaci. Istraživanja su usporedno obavljana na terenu (in situ) i u laboratoriju, a rezultati su polivalentni. Dobivene su spoznaje o provenijenciji stećaka, smjernice o mogućnostima zaštite lokaliteta, ali i nove informacije o učinkovitosti uvriježenih (konvencionalnih) metoda i materijala za restauraciju kamena.
U radu autorica donosi pregled ulomaka koji su pronađeni zazidani u niši na sjevernom unutrašnjem zidu propugnakula zapadnih vrata Dioklecijanove palače u Splitu. Pronađene ulomke moguće je sadržajno ...i kontekstualno povezati s nišom, na temelju čega se daje prijedlog pretpostavljenog izvornog izgleda niše i skulpturalne dekoracije koja ju je krasila. Nova interpretacija skulpturalne dekoracije prilog je u definiranju funkcije propugnakula zapadnih vrata Dioklecijanove palače u novom vijeku.
Na arheološkom nalazištu Vid-Narona 1995. godine otkriven je i istražen antički rimski hram - Augusteum. Tom prilikom pronađeno je šesnaest antičkih mramornih skulptura visoke umjetničke vrijednosti, ...nadnaravne veličine. Skulpture koje prikazuju rimske vladare i članove njihovih obitelji zatečene su u dijelovima i obezglavljene. Na njima je proveden opsežan proces konzervatorsko-restauratorskog zahvata, provedene su analize materijala i uzroka propadanja, čišćenje, spajanje i konzervacija mramorne strukture te radovi krajnje prezentacije. Riječ je o dugogodišnjem kompleksnom projektu u kojemu je sudjelovao velik broj domaćih i inozemnih institucija i stručnjaka, a rezultirao je muzejskim postavom jedne od najcjelovitijih zbirki rimske skulpture općenito. Jedan od najsloženijih problema koji su se pojavili tijekom projekta jest prezentacija pojedinih skulptura koje zbog oštećenja nisu mogle stajati samostalno u prostoru.
U radu se donose nove informacije o arhitektonskom ulomku iz Muzeja grada Splita koji je nedavno objavljen i određen kao imbreks krovne strehe trijema mauzoleja Dioklecijanove palače u Splitu. ...Novoevidentirani podaci na crtežima splitskog kon- zervatora Vicka Andrića potvrđuju recentno pretpostavljenu funkciju elementa, ali i daju nove potvrde o detaljima izvorne dekoracije krova i krova trijema Dioklecijanova mauzoleja u Splitu.
Interijeri reprezentativnih građevina unutar Dioklecijanove palače bili su bogato ukrašeni mozaicima, freskama i mramornim oblogama. Od mramornih obloga do danas su se sačuvali samo manji ulomci i to ...uglavnom u arheološkim slojevima u južnoj polovini Palače: u carevom stanu i u kupatilima.
Jedina obloga koja se velikim dijelom sačuvala in situ jest pod careva mauzoleja.
Prema vizualnim analizama materijala od kojih su obloge izrađene, može se prepoznati nekoliko vrsta bijelog mramora i više od 20 različitih vrsta obojenih mramora. Prema obliku razlikujemo vijence, profilirane ploče, razdjelne ploče i ploče raznih debljina u obliku trokuta, kvadrata, romba, trapeza, deltoida i složenih formi.
During 2016, the Croatian Conservation Institute carried out a demanding conservation and technical research on a 15th century gilded polychrome stone relief from Dubrovnik, attributed to Pietro di ...Martino da Milano (c.1410-1473). The process proved to be a valuable opportunity to better understand the materials degradation and the techniques used by the Master. Due to the difficulty of determining the existence of impregnation and ground layers, two experimental reconstructions were created as part of a student project – one based on the interpretation of research results obtained during the conservation treatment, and the other based on art technological source research, namely the Cennino Cennini’s recipe, CLXXIV. The aim was to evaluate the effectiveness of these layers on the final gilding and to get an insight into the Master’s experience via the “learning-by-doing” method. The experimental results indicate that the cause of the damages and the consequent fragility of the original relief, might have its origin in the absence of impregnation and ground layers.
Ao longo de 2016, o Instituto Croata da Conservação levou a cabo um exigente trabalho de conservação e pesquisa, de um alto-relevo em pedra dourado e policromado, datado do séc. XV, proveniente de Dubrovnik e atribuído a Pietro di Martino da Milano (c. 1410-1473). A intervenção revelou-se uma oportunidade para melhor compreender os processos de degradação dos materiais e as técnicas utilizadas pelo Mestre. A dificuldade em determinar a presença das camadas de impermeabilização e preparação, levaram à criação de duas reconstruções experimentais, como parte de um projecto académico: a primeira reconstrução baseou-se na análise dos exames laboratoriais efectuados durante a intervenção, e a segunda teve por base uma pesquisa histórico-tecnológica, nomeadamente a receita de Cennino Cennini, CLXXIV. O objectivo foi o de avaliar a necessidade das camadas preparatórias no douramento, permitindo ainda experienciar o trabalho do Mestre, na forma de “aprender-fazendo”. Os resultados experimentais apontam para que uma das possíveis causas de alteração do douramento e consequente fragilidade, tenha a sua origem na ausência das camadas de impermeabilização e preparação.
En 2016, el Instituto Croata de la Conservación, ha levado a cabo un exigente trabajo de conservación y pesquisa técnica, de un alto-relevo dorado del siglo XVI, proveniente de Dubrovnik y atribuido a Pietro di Martini da Milano (c. 1410-1473). La intervención, ha probado tratar-se una valiosa oportunidad de mejor entender la degradación de los materiales empleados y de las técnicas empleadas por lo Maestro. La dificultad de identificar la existencia de las camadas de impermeabilización y de preparación, han levado a dúas reconstrucciones experimentales como parte de un proyecto de estudio – una de las reconstrucciones se ha basado en la interpretación de los resultados de pesquisa obtenidos durante la intervención de conservación y restauración, y la secunda en pesquisa histórica y tecnológica, nombradamente la receta de Cennino Cennini, CLXXIV. El objetivo ha sido la evaluación de la influencia de las dos camadas iniciales en el comportamiento del dorado, permitiendo en simultaneo una visión de la experiencia del Maestro, basada en una metodología de “aprender-haciendo”. Los resultados experimentales muestran que la causa de los danos y fragilidad del dorado original, podrán ter su origen en la ausencia de las capas de impermeabilización y preparación.
IntroductionExercise interventions have a positive impact on people with stroke. However, access to exercise interventions is variable, and there may be a delay in the start of rehabilitation. ...Telerehabilitation has enabled the delivery of exercise interventions replacing the traditional face-to-face approach. Aspects related to the safety of people with stroke should be considered to avoid adverse events during the delivery of exercise interventions remotely. However, such information is scattered in the literature, and the detail with which measures taken during the implementation of exercise interventions for people with stroke are reported is unknown.ObjectiveTo summarise measures or aspects targeted at reducing the incidence of adverse events during the delivery of exercise interventions through telerehabilitation in patients after stroke.Materials and methodsA scoping review will be conducted. A systematic search in MEDLINE-Ovid, Embase-Ovid CENTRAL, CINAHL Complete (EBSCOhost), and other resources will be carried out. We will include primary studies, published in full text in any language, involving people with stroke who undergo telerehabilitation where exercise is the main component. Two reviewers will independently select studies and extract data, and disagreements will be resolved by consensus or a third reviewer. The results will be reported in a narrative form, using tables and figures to support them.DiscussionTo implement this strategy within rehabilitation services, one of the first aspects to be solved is to ensure the safety of people. The results of this scoping review could contribute an information base for clinicians and decision-makers when designing remotely delivered exercise intervention programs.Registration numberINPLASY202290104.
Dioklecijanova palača u Splitu sagrađena je na prijelazu iz 3. u 4. st. po Kr. kao rezidencija umirovljenog augusta i osnivača tetrarhije Dioklecijana. S obzirom na stanje sačuvanosti, istraženosti i ...količinu publiciranog materijala, izvrsno je uporište za istraživanje tipološki i funkcijski sličnih građevina. Iz rimske palače razvila se srednjevjekovna općina, a potom suvremeni moderni grad Split. Kontinuitet života u zoni carske palače uvjetovao je mnoga oštećenja izvornog sloja, ali i utjecao na činjenicu da svaka nova intervencija u gradsko tkivo rezultira ponekim novim nalazom. Sistematizacijom nalaza moguće je dobiti uvid u širu sliku nekadašnje imperijalne palače i njezinog uređenja koje je bilo u ulozi političkog i religijskog programa. U radu je provedena katalogizacija i sistematizacija građe prema postojećim grupama dekora: arhitektonskim reljefima, punoj skulpturi, fresko slikarstvu, mozaicima i mramornim oblogama. Već postojećim povijesnim spoznajama i poznatim činjenicama pridruženi su nalazi dobiveni u posljednjem desetljeću. Rezultate nisu dala samo arheološka istraživanja, već građevinski radovi i konzervatorsko-restauratorski zahvati koji se intenzivno provode u staroj gradskoj jezgri. Novi podaci dobiveni su pregledom stručne dokumentacije institucija koje se aktivno bave proučavanjem, dokumentiranjem i pitanjem zaštite Dioklecijanove palače: Konzervatorskog odjela u Splitu, Službe za staru gradsku jezgru Grada Splita te Hrvatskog restauratorskog zavoda. Paralelno je provedena revizija građe u muzejima. U sklopu pisanja rada izvršeno je i jedno terensko istraživanje: demontaža i konzervatorskorestauratorski zahvat na kamenim skulpturama ugrađenim u palaču Cambi, za koje je pretpostavljena pripadnost dekoraciji palače. Cilj je bio restauratorskim postupcima zaustaviti uznapredovalu degradaciju kamena i pobliže analizirati formu, stilske značajke i vrstu materijala. Rezultati cjelokupnog istraživanja su heterogeni i uključuju interpretacije pojedinih teorija, ali i prirodoslovnih analiza uzoraka kamena. Osim što su pronađeni novi artefakti, dati su novi zaključci o pitanju klesarskih radionica koje su djelovale u zoni palače. Na temelju arheoloških dokaza i prirodoslovnih analiza moguće je otvoriti pitanje tzv. „bračke radionice“ koja je djelovala na uređenju palače, a njegovala je svoj specifičan stil. Analizom svake grupe dekora moguće je pratiti i razlučiti razvojne faze palače. Generalnom revizijom materijala utvrđeno je da čitavi repertoar dekoracije sadrži stanovitu ležernost i pad izvedbene kvalitete. Transcendentalna struja koja se pojavila u likovnom izražavanju odrazila se i na ikonografske kanone i na dosada strogo poštivane tehničke standarde. Skulpture i reljefi su nedovršeni, a ponegdje samo grubo abocirani. Figuralni motivi se redaju bez strogo propisanih parametara, a neki važni ikonografski motivi se multipliciraju (čime gube na važnosti) i javljaju postranično. Veliki dio mramornih obloga je grubo rezan i neobrađen. Zidni i podni mozaici su izvedeni od velikih kockica, na nekim zonama vrlo nespretno i grubo. Dekadenciju stila ne treba tumačiti samo brzinom gradnje. Nedovršenost i prividni nemar je pokušaj dematerijalizacije forme karakteristične za tetrarhiju i njeno simboličko viđenje stvari. U duhu navedenoga treba dijelom tumačiti i prostorne nelogičnosti i denivelacije čitave palače.
Diocletian's Palace in Split was built at the turn of the 4th century AD as a residence of the retired Roman emperor and the founder of tetrarchy Diocletian. Due to its preservation, the amount of conducted research and published material, it is an excellent point of reference in the research of typologically and functionally similar structures. This Roman palace developed into a mediaeval municipality, and later into the modern-day city of Split. The continuity of life in the Palace has caused a lot of damage to the original layer, and each new intervention to the old city core leads to new findings. The systematization of findings offers an insight into the bigger picture of the former imperial palace and its interior design, which was used for both political and religious purposes. This paper contains the cataloguing and the systematization of the material according to the existing groups of decor: architectural relief, sculpture, fresco painting, mosaic and marble revetments. In addition to the existing historical insights and previously established facts, it contains the findings obtained during the last decade. These findings are the result of both archeological research, as well as intensive construction and conservation-restoration work within the old city core. New data has been obtained by analysing documents compiled by institutions which have been actively studying, documenting and working towards the protection of Diocletian's Palace: Split Department for Conservation, the City of Split's Department for the Old City Core and Croatian Conservation Institute. At the same time, museum materials have been revised. For the purposes of this paper, a field research was also conducted: stone sculptures built into Cambi Palace, which are believed to be a part of the original Diocletian's Palace decor, were taken down and restored. Using restoration procedures, the goal was to put a stop to the advanced stone degradation, as well as to analyse the form, period features and the type of materials. The findings of the whole research are heterogeneous and include both the interpretations of theories, as well as natural-science analyses of stone samples. In addition to finding new artifacts, new conclusions have been presented regarding stone-cutting workshops which were active in the Palace. Based on archeological findings and natural-science analyses, it can be assumed that the so-called "Brač workshop", with its distinctive style, was also active in decorating the Palace. By analysing each type of decor, it is possible to distinguish different phases in the development of the Palace. The overall revision of the material has led to a conclusion that there was a certain casual manner in creating the decor, as well as a decline in the quality of its execution. The transcendental trend which was present in visual arts had an effect on both iconographic canons, as well as previously strict technical standards. Sculptures and reliefs are unfinished, in places only roughly outlined. Figural motifs appear without strictly prescribed parameters, while certain important iconographic motifs were multiplied (thus losing their significance) and appear peripherally. A large number of marble revetments was cut roughly and remained without a finish. Wall and floor mosaics were made using large squares, and in some of the areas they were executed in a rough manner. The decadence of style should not be attributed only to speedy construction. The incompleteness and the apparent carelessness were an attempt to dematerialize the form typical of tetrarchy and its symbolic views. Taking into consideration all of the above, spacial illogicalities and the delevelling of the whole Palace should be interpreted as well.
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